In addition, as the city has directly organized the preparation of the regulatory detailed planning of the functional core area of the capital and the regulatory detailed planning of the Beijing sub-center, the zoning plan prepared by this organization does not include Dongcheng District, Xicheng District and Tongzhou District.
Lose weight and fitness
From Incremental Expansion to Decreasing Constraint
Everything follows the city, giving up and getting. According to the requirements of the master plan, Beijing became the first city in China to propose the implementation of "reduced development". "This zoning plan is a self-restraint plan to implement reduction, hoping to break the thinking inertia of expansionary development by reduction and force the transformation of development mode." The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Planning and Natural Resources Committee said.
The present situation of urban and rural construction land is reduced by 185 square kilometers, and the planned construction scale is reduced by10.5 billion to 250 million square meters. The burden of double reduction targets falls on the shoulders of all districts. Taking Chaoyang District as an example, by 2035, the net reduction of urban and rural construction land will be about 7 1 km2. The reduction methods include orderly guiding the reduction and retreat of collective construction land, realizing the reduction of state-owned construction land by classified policies, resolutely dismantling illegal construction, realizing greening construction and ecological restoration.
Fengtai District also gives priority to ensuring the function of the capital, optimizing the balance of occupation and residence in the whole district, increasing the construction of regional ecological environment and filling in the shortcomings of the three major facilities in accordance with the implementation mechanism of increasing or decreasing the linkage in zoning planning. By 2035, the urban and rural construction land will be reduced by about 19 square kilometers, and the area of urban and rural construction land in the whole region will be controlled within 173 square kilometers.
Each district also reserves space for the sustainable development of the city in the future by reserving mobile indicators, delineating strategic blank areas and flexibly reserving building scale.
Reducing development is not to avoid development, but to make room for Beijing to achieve higher quality development. Haidian zoning plan puts forward that by 2035, the overall goal of balanced housing supply and demand, reasonable structure, unobvious contradiction between occupation and residence, improvement of living environment quality and improvement of community governance level will be basically realized. The proportion of occupation and residence land reaches 1:2. In addition, explore a new model of "job-rent balance", take diversified measures to ensure the coordinated development of employment and housing, and realize the job-rent balance in key innovative functional areas.
Cut clothes/coats/clothes/skirts according to the drawing ―― as the case may be.
Each district has outstanding highlights and distinctive features.
This zoning plan is different from the previous "top-down" master plan, and it is the first district-level master plan independently compiled by the district committee and district government. As can be seen from the planning text, the zoning planning of each district is based on its own resource endowment, with ingenious layout, reasonable arrangement and distinctive features.
For example, Shijingshan District proposes to build the "Chang 'an Golden Axis", give full play to the location advantages of Chang 'an Avenue and its extension line, undertake and attract industrial agglomeration such as modern finance, promote functional headquarters and emerging financial institutions to settle down, and realize the agglomeration of financial innovation elements. At important nodes, based on the sustainable transformation of industrial heritage such as the new Shougang high-end industrial comprehensive service area, we will create a new landmark for the revival of the capital city in the new era and drive the overall development of the surrounding areas.
Shunyi District puts forward the concept of port-city integration, strengthens the function optimization and upgrading of airport area around Beijing Capital International Airport, and promotes the integrated development of international airport and shunyi new town. The planned area of the new city is about 294 square kilometers. By improving the construction of expressway around the Capital Airport, a "one ring, three radiations" expressway network will be formed, the traffic passage to the north of the airport will be reserved, and the interconnection between the new city and the airport will be strengthened.
Mentougou District, as an ecological conservation area, focuses on ecological management and green development, and especially proposes to promote the ecological restoration of abandoned mines and the green transformation of industries.
Generally speaking, the central city strengthens the function of "four centers" to shape and enhance the city's characteristic quality; Multi-point areas should strengthen the linkage development with central cities and arrange the bearing space reasonably; Ecological conservation areas protect green water and green mountains, ensure the ecological security of the capital and promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas.
Multi-regulation integration
From focusing on construction to global control
This zoning plan coordinates the construction space and non-construction space of "mountains, rivers, fields, lakes and grasses", and for the first time, the 1 1 land zoning covering the whole area is defined at the zoning planning level. Global management and control will better coordinate the spatial contradictions of different types of land use management and the planning and layout conflicts of different departments.
Pinggu District is an ecological conservation area and an important ecological barrier in the eastern part of the capital. In the zoning plan, Pinggu District proposes to operate the first forest city in Beijing, and the forest coverage rate will remain at around 67% by 2035. Construct a green grid integrating leisure, fitness, tourism, ancient search and ecology. By 2035, the length of healthy greenway will reach 254 kilometers, the per capita park green area in the built-up area will reach 25 square meters, and the service radius coverage rate of 500 meters of park green space in the built-up area will reach 98.5%.
At the same time, the zoning plan of each district is further connected with the planning of key functional areas such as three cities and one district, three major cultural belts, South Axis, Shougang, Lize, Daxing International Airport Airport Economic Zone and Winter Olympics, and will continue to promote the realization of "multi-regulation integration" in the future implementation process.
Daxing district planning puts forward that efforts should be made to promote the planning and construction of airport construction and operation in the near future; Explore the diversified and efficient utilization mode of resettlement space; Promote the planning and construction of comprehensive bonded zone and free trade zone with Hebei Province; Orderly carry out the planning and construction of the start-up area and the start-up area; Strengthen the radiation-driven role of Beijing Daxing International Airport Airport Economic Zone. By 2035, Daxing Airport Airport Economic Zone plans to have a permanent population of about 270,000 people in Beijing, and the total planned urban and rural construction land is about 50 square kilometers.
Hosting the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympic Winter Games is a great historical opportunity for Yanqing District to realize green transformation and development. Yanqing District will make overall consideration of the utilization of venue facilities after the Winter Olympics and become an important place for citizens to experience ice and snow and outdoor sports. It will also build a Winter Olympic Forest Park to enrich special winter activities.
Ensure people's livelihood
Overall planning of production and living ecological space
Production, living and ecological space are collectively called "Sansheng" space. How to coordinate and arrange the relationship of "Sansheng" space is closely related to the quality of life of residents.
The planning of Yizhuang New Town reasonably predicts the spatial distribution of the working population, so as to improve the housing supply system and optimize the residential spatial layout. For skilled workers, provide rental housing mainly in single blue-collar apartments and supporting rental housing in professional parks to reduce commuting; For the technical talents such as the middle-level backbone of enterprises, we provide single white-collar apartments, talent rental houses and other rental houses, as well as targeted sales of commercial housing, property housing, ordinary commercial housing and other property houses. The housing demand for high-end talents will also be coordinated through the market.
Changping District highlights the comprehensive management of urban and rural areas represented by "returning to heaven" areas. The potential space resources in the "returning to heaven" area will be tapped to increase employment opportunities; Improve the local traffic environment, open up the current road network congestion points, optimize the regional commuting conditions, and form a good job-residence relationship with new cities, future science cities and other regions.
Huairou District explores the construction mode of dense road network in small blocks, flexibly encrypts roads according to local conditions, and creates a dense road network pattern. By 2035, the planned road network density of concentrated construction areas shall not be less than 8km/km2.
As the "back garden" of the capital, Miyun District will focus on the construction of four boutique urban parks, including Chaobaihe Urban Forest Park. By 2035, the coverage rate of 500 meters service radius of park green space will reach 95%.
Fangshan District will take the second green isolation zone and Dashi River as the interval, and build three new town groups, namely Liangxiang, Yanfang and Doudian. By 2035, the scale of urban and rural construction land for the three new cities will be controlled within 12 1.9 square kilometers, accounting for 43.2% of the urban and rural construction land in the whole region.
Expert interpretation
Qiu Yue, Chairman of Beijing Urban Planning Society and Professor-level Senior Engineer:
"This is the first time that Beijing has compiled a national spatial plan."
Qiuyue said that the preparation of this zoning plan has two outstanding characteristics. First, for the first time, the district-level government is responsible for organizing the planning of this district, giving full play to the main role of the district Committee and district government.
For example, Chaoyang District has set up a leading group headed by the main leaders of the district committee and government, which provides a basic guarantee for the strategic guidance of the overall urban planning and the transmission of rigid control. At the same time, the district committee and government are at the forefront of planning and implementation, and its main role provides favorable conditions for further planning and implementation.
Secondly, this is the first time that Beijing has compiled a national spatial plan to realize the integration of multiple regulations.
The zoning plan is a multi-planning and global coverage plan. "Zoning planning will lay a solid foundation for the city to build and improve the national spatial planning system, and unify the main functional area planning, land use planning and urban and rural planning into the national spatial planning." Qiuyue introduced.
In such zoning planning, the overall development and protection pattern of land space in the whole region should be comprehensively considered in each district, including population distribution, economic layout, land use, ecological environment protection and other factors, as well as scientific arrangement of production space, living space and ecological space, and all kinds of non-construction land such as "mountains, rivers, fields, lakes and grasses" should also be considered as a whole.
Shi Xiaodong, Vice President of Beijing Urban Planning and Design Institute:
"Citizens will feel more about regional development"
Is it necessary for ordinary citizens to understand zoning planning?
In response to this problem, Shi Xiaodong explained that the master plan is to let everyone see the blueprint for Beijing's development, and the zoning plan is to break down the blueprint and implement it in all districts. From the zoning plan, we can know what a certain district is positioned in the whole city, what development goals it has, what industries it will focus on and what public service facilities it will build. The future life scenes of many doorways are presented in the zoning plan, and citizens will have a more practical feeling about the development of their region and better participate in the construction, renewal and governance of the city.
At the same time, Shi Xiaodong said that this zoning plan not only widely listened to the opinions of residents, but also widely organized experts to participate. In the compilation, experts from different fields are invited to take the lead in researching and compiling or consulting, so as to integrate and unify the specific objectives, contents and achievements of different types of planning in the past into a blueprint for land and space planning.
"Zoning planning is an important stage achievement in establishing a national spatial planning system, but it is not the end. Many planning work continues to deepen and refine. " In the next step, according to the zoning plan, each district will promote the compilation of various plans at all levels, such as regulatory detailed planning, specific regional planning and village planning, and combine the development needs and reality to implement the requirements of ecological control, scale control, urban design, public service facilities, municipal administration and transportation infrastructure on each piece of land one by one.