1, birth control pills, two or three things
Controversy 1: Taking birth control pills can also lead to obesity, which is terrible!
Birth control pills can cause obesity?
Recipient: How? It's incredible. Birth control pills are also good diet pills! There is a saying that people who take birth control pills for a long time can make the oil active and not too exuberant. In this way, not only the body fat will be reduced, but also the acne on the face will disappear, and the skin will become more and more delicate, and the body and skin will get a win-win effect.
Pro: Contraceptive pills can easily lead to endocrine disorders and lead to obesity. Excessive use of birth control pills will seriously destroy endocrine, make the body unbalanced, and to some extent, increase food intake, lead to weight gain, lose shape, and even lose weight.
Expert attitude: Only a few women are very sensitive to hormone reactions, so they gradually gain weight when taking birth control pills. Most people still keep their weight or change little, which may be the result of progesterone. It should also be noted that many women attribute the weight change after taking birth control pills to birth control pills, while ignoring the changes in life details. In fact, diet, working hours, sleep quality and other factors are the "culprits" that lead to weight gain or loss, not contraceptives. In addition, the theory of contraceptive beauty slimming has no exact scientific basis, so use it with caution!
Controversy 2: Birth control pills are hotbeds of cancer. The longer you take it, the closer you get to cancer.
Is there a cancer risk of taking medicine for a long time?
Counterparty: Cancer has nothing to do with birth control pills, right? Can normal contraception also lead to cancer? It has been reported that women can still get the protection of contraceptives after stopping 15 years. The contraceptive pill has a high success rate, which greatly reduces the number of induced abortions, avoids habitual abortion and reduces the probability of cervical cancer.
Pro: If the balance in the body is disturbed, the chances of developing uterine cancer, breast cancer and ovarian cancer will increase. Birth control pills can reduce the secretion of estrogen. If you take it for a long time, the estrogen required by the breast and endometrium will be greatly reduced. Once they are out of balance for a long time, diseases will occur.
Expert attitude: There is no clear answer whether taking birth control pills will increase the risk of cancer. However, according to the recent announcement of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, contraceptives containing estrogen and progesterone can reduce the risk of ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer, but the risk of cervical cancer, breast cancer and liver cancer has increased. Dr Peters in Germany believes that cervical cancer is caused by viruses transmitted during sexual life, and the frequency of sexual life of women who take birth control pills is generally higher than that of women who do not take birth control pills.
Controversy 3: Birth control pills "arrived" and menopause was postponed.
Birth control pills delay menopause?
Contrary: menopause has a great relationship with people's physique, quality of life and family heredity, and has nothing to do with contraceptives. The role of contraceptives is only: "effectively prevent pregnancy." If it rises to the height of delaying menopause, it will be amazing! Menopause has a lot to do with living habits, physical fitness, quality of life and family inheritance, while others should have little influence. Moreover, the abuse of emergency contraceptives will also make women enter invisible menopause, leading to early menopause.
Pro: Birth control pills can make us younger! Quantitative and scientific use of contraceptives has a certain regulatory effect, keeping the human body in a balanced state. The endocrine ups and downs that are easy to occur with age will not appear. This "stability" is the best guarantee to postpone menopause.
Expert attitude: sweating, sleep disorders, mood swings. This situation proves that your menopause is coming soon, and women who use birth control pills as a contraceptive method, under the action of drugs, their hormones are in a stable state and there will be no obvious menopause. However, German experts confirmed that although contraceptives can alleviate the discomfort of menopause, they cannot be used to postpone the date of menopause. As for whether hormone therapy is needed after menopause, it is up to the doctor to decide whether it varies from person to person, rather than taking drugs without authorization.
Controversy 4: Regular use of birth control pills leads to a decline in the quality of the same room.
Often take birth control pills, and the quality of the same room declines?
Counterparty: How can desire be related to birth control pills? A woman's desire should depend on her partner's emotional state, tacit understanding, eating habits, whether she has gynecological diseases and whether she is under great pressure recently. Contraceptive pills should not have such great "magic power" to control women's desires!
Pro: Regular use of birth control pills will limit the secretion of estrogen, and there will be "little rain" in the back garden. Of course, the quality of sex will not be satisfactory. Improper use of contraceptives can easily lead to dryness of vagina. In the process of husband and wife's life, there is pain in private parts, which leads to the decrease of women's interest in sex life.
Expert attitude: Women's desire is related to health, stress, eating habits and other factors. In addition, women who take contraceptives for a long time have higher levels of sex hormone-binding globulin, which is wrapped in testosterone, making it unable to play a role in regulating sexual function. Testosterone is the key substance to regulate women's desire, normal metabolism and mental health. When the secretion of testosterone decreases, the desire of women will naturally decrease. And this phenomenon will continue for some time after stopping using contraceptives.
Controversy 5: You can always take birth control pills!
You can take birth control pills at any time.
Counterparty: you can change a contraceptive method to reduce the adverse reactions of drugs to the body! It's a three-point poison Taking birth control pills for a long time increases the burden on the liver and kidneys, and also has some adverse effects on the digestive system of the gastrointestinal tract, thus reducing health.
Pro: If this contraceptive method is effective and there is no uncomfortable feeling, why not continue it all the time? Nowadays, the ingredients of birth control pills are more and more humanized, and the side effects on the human body are gradually reduced, and the contraceptive effect is good. Compared with surgical contraception, it is safer and will not affect normal pregnancy after withdrawal; Compared with condom contraception, it enhances the contact between two people and makes sexual life more perfect. So it can be used as a long-term contraceptive method!
Expert attitude: Dr. Klaus Peters, a gynecologist in Hamburg, Germany, has his own opinion on birth control pills: "How long do you take birth control pills?" You can take birth control pills all year round, don't worry! " However, it should be noted that if your body has some bad conditions, such as blood circulation disorder, vaginal dryness's 888f, chest tightness or mood swings, it proves that you are a taboo group of contraceptives, and you should stop using them immediately. And it is best to develop the good habit of having a gynecological examination every six months, especially when you are over 35 years old.
2. Contraceptive side effects
1. Side effects of short-acting contraceptives
The harm of taking short-acting contraceptives mostly comes from the side effects of short-acting contraceptives, such as nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, breast tenderness, headache, weight gain and so on. Although these are not particularly big problems, they are enough to make women worry for a while. One of the hazards of taking short-acting contraceptives is that taking short-acting contraceptives will make you fat. This undoubtedly touched the psychological bottom line of many girls.
2. What are the side effects of long-acting contraceptives?
The side effects of long-acting contraceptives can be manifested as early pregnancy-like reaction, irregular bleeding in the private parts of menstrual women, shortened menstrual cycle, excessive or insufficient menstrual flow, breast swelling, palpitation, flushing, backache, abdominal pain, headache, and increased leucorrhea. After taking long-acting contraceptives, symptoms such as excessive or insufficient menstrual flow and increased leucorrhea generally do not need treatment. If there are other symptoms, you'd better go to a good hospital for a check-up.
In terms of chemical composition, long-acting contraceptives are similar to short-acting contraceptives and can be divided into estrogen, progesterone and female pregnancy mixture. If women are sensitive to its side effects, then its side effects should be the same as short-acting contraceptives with the same composition. It should be noted that long-acting drugs need to be put into the body at one time, so the amount is relatively large, and there may be some accumulation after stopping the drug. Therefore, in general, it is recommended that women without children should not take long-acting contraceptives. If you want to have a baby after taking the medicine, you should stop taking the medicine for 3 to 6 months.
3. Side effects of emergency contraception
Different types of contraceptives vary greatly. One of the most harmful drugs to the body is the morning-after emergency contraceptive pill. Due to social misinformation, many people mistakenly think that contraceptives are equivalent to emergency contraceptives. As we all know, the dose of one emergency contraceptive pill is equivalent to the dose of six conventional contraceptives, which will make the progesterone level in your body suddenly rise to six times the normal level, and then suddenly fall back, which is very harmful to your health. Emergency contraception afterwards may increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy. The specific side effects are as follows:
1) nausea: the incidence of nausea in women who use emergency contraceptives is the highest, about 50%; Levonorgestrel followed, about 20%; Mifepristone is the lowest, about 6% ~ 7%. Nausea usually does not last more than 24 hours.
2) Vomiting: About 20% of women who used Yuzpe method for emergency contraception vomited; Levonorgestrel is about 5%; Mifepristone is about 1%. Taking medicine with food or before going to bed can reduce the incidence of nausea and vomiting. If you vomit within 1 hour after taking emergency contraception, you should take 1 time as soon as possible.
3) Irregular uterine bleeding: Some women will have some X-ray drip bleeding after taking the medicine, and generally do not need treatment, but users should be aware of this situation and do a good job in consultation and education before and after taking the medicine.
4) Menstrual changes: Most women will have menstrual cramps on time, and some women will have early or delayed menstruation (taking Yuting will lead to menstrual disorder). If menstruation is delayed for one week, a urine pregnancy test should be done to determine whether emergency contraception has failed.
5) Others: breast pain, headache, dizziness, fatigue, etc. These symptoms are generally mild and last no more than 24 hours. Patients with breast pain and severe headache can be treated with aspirin or other painkillers.
6) Women with hepatitis B should use Yuting as little as possible.
It should be emphasized that taking emergency contraceptives will affect the menstrual cycle, so it will be difficult to calculate the safety period in the next few months. After that, women should try to use efficient contraceptive methods, and don't take any more risks, which will seriously lead to infertility.
The side effects of these emergency contraceptives usually disappear within 24 hours.
Important: emergency contraception is only used after the last unprotected sex, and it is invalid for the next unprotected sex.
3. Side effects of various contraceptives:
1) Early pregnancy reaction
Early pregnancy-like reactions are common, accounting for about 50% of drug users. Most of the symptoms are first severe and then mild, and then gradually disappear, which may be related to the gradual adaptation of the body. At the beginning of taking medicine, a few people have mild early pregnancy-like reactions, such as nausea, dizziness, fatigue, loss of appetite, fatigue, vomiting and so on.
It often happens 1-2 weeks after taking the medicine. The reason is related to the temporary excess of estrogen level, resulting in water and sodium retention in the body and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Generally, after taking medicine for 2 ~ 3 months, the reaction can disappear or be alleviated naturally. Taking medicine before going to bed at night can make the reaction lighter during the day. Those with severe reaction can take vitamin B6, 20 mg each time, 3 times a day. If it is still not relieved, you can consider changing birth control pills and choosing drugs with less estrogen content.
2) Increased leucorrhea
Mostly caused by long-acting oral contraceptives. Therefore, the drug estrogen content is high, and too much estrogen affects the secretory cells of cervix and endometrium, making them secrete vigorously and causing leucorrhea to increase.
3) Breast pain
The reason is that estrogen stimulates the breast.
4) Menstrual disorders, including decreased menstrual flow or amenorrhea, breakthrough bleeding and increased menstrual flow.
① Decreased menstrual flow or amenorrhea. This often happens after taking short-acting contraceptives, because drugs inhibit ovulation, the amount of estrogen secreted by ovaries is small, the amount of estrogen contained in drugs is also small, the endometrium can not grow normally, and the endometrium becomes thinner, so the menstrual flow is reduced, and even menopause. Decreased menstrual flow has no effect on health. If you stop menstruating for 2 months in a row, you should stop taking the medicine and use other contraceptive measures, and most of them can return to normal on their own. Menopause often happens after taking long-acting contraceptives. At this time, progesterone drugs such as medroxyprogesterone acetate or norethindrone can be used, and progesterone can also be injected. Short-acting contraceptive No.2 can also be taken twice a night for 5 ~ 6 days. Menstruation usually occurs within one week after stopping taking medicine.
② Breakthrough bleeding. Such as bleeding during medication, mostly after missing medication. Even if a few people don't miss the medicine, they can also have female privates bleeding. If it occurs in the first half of the menstrual cycle, it may be caused by estrogen deficiency. You can take ethinylestradiol 0.005 ~ 0.05438+05 mg once a day until you finish taking 22 tablets. If it happens in the second half of the menstrual cycle and is caused by progesterone deficiency, you can take short-acting contraceptives 1 or No.2 1 until you finish taking 22 tablets. If the amount of bleeding is as large as menstrual cramps, you can treat it according to menstrual cramps, stop taking drugs immediately, and start taking drugs next month on the fifth day after stopping taking drugs.
(3) The menstrual flow increases and the menstrual period is prolonged. Often occurs in people who take long-acting oral contraceptives. Hemostatic drugs can be used when bleeding is heavy, and testosterone propionate can be injected when necessary. If menstrual flow continues to increase and bleeding lasts for more than 3 months, long-acting oral contraceptives should be stopped and short-acting drugs should be used instead. When using long-acting injectable contraceptives, irregular menstruation often occurs, such as prolonged menstruation, menorrhagia, shortened cycle, irregular bleeding or amenorrhea, which is more common in the first 3 months of medication. If you can persist in using it, it will gradually return to normal in the future. If bleeding occurs, ethinylestradiol can be added for 3 days.
5) Weight gain
It may be that estrogen causes water and sodium retention, and progesterone affects anabolism (the increase of progesterone will promote protein assimilation), so some women gain weight. Generally, there is no need for treatment, and diuretics can be taken orally or given a low-salt diet, and drugs can be stopped if necessary.
6) Pigmentation
After taking medicine, a few people have pigmentation on their forehead and facial skin, which is the result of estrogen and progesterone. Generally, it will recover naturally after stopping taking drugs.
Generally speaking, all healthy married women of childbearing age can use contraceptives, but women in the following situations should not use oral contraceptives, and 12 kinds of women are prohibited from taking contraceptives:
1. Women with acute and chronic hepatitis and nephritis should not take it. Because the contraceptives that enter the body are metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys, if used by women with acute and chronic hepatitis and nephritis, it will increase the burden on the liver and kidney.
2. People with heart disease or cardiac insufficiency can't use it. Estrogen in birth control pills can make water, sodium and other substances in the body stay, which will increase the burden on the heart.
3. Women with hypertension should not use it. A few women's blood pressure will rise after taking medicine.
4. People with diabetes and family history of diabetes should not use it. Because taking birth control pills may slightly increase blood sugar and turn recessive diabetes into dominant diabetes, which will have adverse effects on female diabetic patients.
5. It is best for hyperthyroidism women not to use contraceptives before they are cured.
6. Patients with breast benign tumors, uterine fibroids and various malignant tumors should not use them to avoid adverse effects on tumors.
7. Past or present patients with vascular embolic diseases (such as cerebral thrombosis, myocardial infarction, vasculitis, etc. ) cannot be used. Estrogen in birth control pills may increase blood coagulation and aggravate cardiovascular disease.
8. Women with chronic headache, especially migraine and vascular headache, should not use it, otherwise it will aggravate the symptoms.
9. In the past, it was best not to have too little menstruation. Long-term use of contraceptives will shrink the endometrium and reduce menstrual flow.
10. It is not suitable for lactating women. Contraceptive pills can reduce milk secretion and quality, and can also enter milk, which has adverse effects on lactating children and is not suitable for lactating women.
1 1. Contraceptives should be stopped as soon as possible before pregnancy. Babies who abuse oral contraceptives in early pregnancy may have congenital malformation, which may lead to masculinity and organ malformation of baby girls.
12. Women with smoking and drinking habits should not take birth control pills, otherwise it will easily increase the risk of heart disease and cerebrovascular accidents, and will also affect the effect of birth control pills, leading to contraceptive failure. This situation is especially serious for women over 35 years old.