Fruit knowledge 1. Encyclopedia of fruit information
Fruit refers to juicy and sweet plant fruit, which is not only nutritious, but also helps digestion.
Fruit is the general name of fruits and seeds of some edible plants. [Fruit] Fruit is a general term for fruits or other organs of some edible plants. Explain in detail the general name of edible plant fruit with more water.
Fruit is usually used for family or entertainment. Such as pears, peaches and apples.
"Sui Yi Zhi": "You Lang will declare his return from Guazhou and enter the acacia fruit." Hu Tianlu, a layman in the Qing Dynasty, recorded: "Those who have a king's name in the lane will always ... sell fruits at first, and then fetch water for the teahouse."
Jun Qing's autumn ode: "Jiaodong, a peninsula worthy of being the hometown of fruits, has a particularly bumper harvest of fruits this year." Berry: multi-carpellate, exocarp with thin epidermis, soft and juicy pulp without seeds.
Such as: grapes, lotus seeds, plantain, tomatoes, carambola, papaya and so on. Citrus fruits: carpeted, the fruit wall is rich in oil cells, and the pulp inside the fruit is rich in juice.
Such as: citrus fruits, Shatangju, grapefruit, grapefruit, lemon, orange, kumquat and so on. "Fruit" refers to the phenomenon of "edible juicy plant fruit".
Edible, juicy and fruit of plants are indispensable elements under the concept of "fruit". Fruit characteristics Fruits generally have the following characteristics: First, they are rich in juice; Second, it contains more soluble sugar, many of which also contain volatile aromatic substances; Third, eat raw food at ordinary times; Fourth, you can eat three meals independently.
The better the above characteristics are satisfied, the more people feel "fruity". Bananas, for example, have little juice, but their pulp is rich in soluble sugar and volatile aromatic substances, mainly isoamyl acetate (commonly known as banana oil). Generally eaten raw, it can be eaten independently of three meals, so banana is a kind of fruit.
For another example, although tomatoes are rich in juice and contain soluble sugar, they are not often eaten raw and are not eaten independently of three meals, so some people think that they are not fruits; The cherry tomato is a small fruit variety of tomato, which is designed for raw food and often eaten independently of three meals, so the cherry tomato is generally regarded as a fruit. Fruit is good for health. First, fruits that lower blood pressure: hawthorn, watermelon, pear and pineapple. Second, among various vitamins, folic acid is related to the production of DNA. In the early stage of pregnancy, folic acid is very important for cell reproduction and repair, which contributes to the good development of embryonic nervous system and prevents anemia in pregnant women.
Fruits containing folic acid: apples, bananas, mangoes, pawpaw and kiwifruit. Third, delay aging Among the common fruits, kiwifruit is considered to be the closest to perfection. Rich in vitamins C, A, E, folic acid and trace elements such as potassium, magnesium and dietary fiber, but low in calories.
All these make kiwifruit inject vitality into modern urbanites with fast working pace and nervous. In addition, the amino acids contained in kiwifruit can help the human body to produce hormones and slow down aging.
Because kiwifruit is cold, pregnant mothers had better eat less. Fourth, lose weight and lose weight Some fruits are rich in dietary fiber. Fiber is a carbohydrate that cannot be digested by the small intestine. In the colon, fiber can provide nutrition for the intestinal cavity, which helps to promote the body's metabolism and suppress appetite.
Weight loss fruits: apples, grapefruit, pitaya, durian. V. Maintenance of the skin The face of the human body is exposed every day, damaged by harmful substances in the air and irradiated by ultraviolet rays, which makes the capillaries contract, the secretion of sebaceous glands decreases, and the skin becomes dry and dehydrated.
Fruit is rich in antioxidant vitamin E and trace elements, which can nourish the skin, and the cosmetic effect is not comparable to that of ordinary cosmetics. If you smoke or get fat, it also means that your adipose tissue lacks these important components.
Skin care fruits: bananas, mangoes, cantaloupes, strawberries, oranges and apples. Sixth, there are many capillaries in the fundus of vision. The role of vitamin C is to ensure the blood supply to the fundus.
Fruits that protect eyes: kiwi fruit, lemon. Seven, the natural enemies of cancer usually eat more fruits in the diet, which can reduce the chances of breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. This is because fruit contains trace elements necessary for human body.
Anti-cancer fruits: bananas, kiwis, grapes, oranges and apples. Eight, cholesterol-lowering fruits: apples, grapefruit, hawthorn. The different effects of these fruits have been scientifically summarized. Fruits with high vitamin C content, such as kiwi fruit, fresh jujube, strawberry, loquat, orange, orange and persimmon, are rich in vitamin C. Calculated by the vitamin C content of 100g fruit, kiwi fruit contains 420mg, fresh jujube contains 380mg, strawberry contains 80mg, orange contains 49mg, loquat contains 36mg, and orange and persimmon contain 30mg each.
Bananas and peaches each contain 10 mg, grapes, figs and apples each contain only 5 mg, and pears only contain 4 mg. It is measured that adults need 60 mg of vitamin C every day. If they want to get vitamin C from fruits with little content, they need 25 figs, 14 pears, 1.5 Jin grapes.
Therefore, eating only one or two fruits with low vitamin C content is actually not helpful. But if it is kiwifruit, citrus or persimmon with high vitamin C content, one or two a day is enough.
If it is fresh dates or strawberries, you can get the vitamin C you need for a day by taking five or six tablets. Therefore, if you want to supplement enough vitamin C, you should be selective when eating fruits.
In addition, there are some factors that affect the content of vitamin C in fruits. For example, some fruits are often packed in paper bags for insect prevention and sun protection, resulting in a decrease in vitamin C content; Fruits are harvested in summer and stored in cold storage. When sold in winter, the vitamin C content of fruits will also decrease. Modern families generally have refrigerators, and many people like to buy a lot of fruits and put them in.
But the longer the fruit is stored, the more vitamin C is lost. Fruit common sense Fruit can relieve hangover. Excessive drinking is often a symptom of drunkenness. There are many signs of drunkenness, more languages, ineffective tongue, fever and numbness in cheeks, dizziness and instability ... all these are signs of drunkenness. It's time to sober up.
Many people know that eating some sour fruit or drinking 1-2 clean vinegar can relieve hangover. What is the truth? This is because fruits contain organic acids, such as plums, apples and oranges.
2. Little common sense about vegetables and fruits
1, fiber is good for the skin.
The fiber of fruit is pectin, which is beneficial to defecation; Fiber composition can also promote the metabolic function of the body. Because fruit can increase the excretion and metabolism of human body, which is beneficial to lose weight.
2. Vitamins make people beautiful
The main nutrients supplied by fruits are vitamins, among which vitamin C and vitamin A are the most important. Vitamin C in fruits is not lost as much as when cooking vegetables, so it is a natural supplement to vitamin C. Vitamin C can delay aging and is an indispensable nutrient for beauty.
Eating more fruits is good for health.
Fruits contain natural pigments, which can effectively prevent cancer, and some fruits containing beta carotene will be converted into vitamin A after being eaten in the human body, which can prevent cells from being destroyed by free radicals. In addition, biological lutein, an anticancer substance in citrus fruits, can help fat-soluble carcinogens to be converted into water, which is beneficial to excretion.
4. Fruit helps to keep healthy.
Fruits rich in vitamin C can promote the body's metabolism, which is a supplement for people who want to lose weight. Guava, grape, citrus, Liu Ding, grapefruit, lemon, etc. Can add vitality to the body's metabolism, so take it in moderation.
(B) the misunderstanding of eating fruit:
I think eating fruit on an empty stomach can help digestion.
Apples, oranges, grapes, peaches, pears and other fruits contain a lot of organic acids (such as malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, etc. ), this will * * * the mucosa of the stomach wall, which is very unfavorable to the health of the stomach. Especially for children, eating fruit on an empty stomach before meals will also affect the quality of dinner. Over time, the lack of this nutrient or that nutrient can easily lead to indigestion, which is extremely unfavorable to the growth and development of children.
Think fruit can be eaten as a meal.
Many white-collar women think that eating fruit for dinner can not only lose weight, but also play a role in beauty, killing two birds with one stone. In fact, this view is wrong Over time, it will not only cause dry hair and skin damage, but also lead to frequent colds, anemia, zinc deficiency and work or study disorders. No matter how much fruit you eat for dinner, you can't get enough micronutrients such as protein, fat, calcium, iron and zinc. Because fruits do not contain these nutrients or have little content. The water content of fruit accounts for 80%, and the sugar mainly composed of glucose, fructose and sucrose accounts for 10%. Therefore, fruit should not be eaten as a meal, but should be given priority to and supplemented by fruit.
Think it's better to eat more fruits.
In nutrition, no matter what nutrients and food, we must pay attention to a "degree". Foreign studies show that excessive intake of fructose can make people lack copper, lead to an increase in blood cholesterol and cause coronary heart disease. Fruits with high sugar content include apples, pears, oranges, persimmons, watermelons and peaches. Therefore, eating too much fruit is also harmful to the body. The same is true from the perspective of Chinese medicine diet: for example, apples are cool and contain more potassium. Eating too much will lead to bloating. Therefore, patients with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold and ulcer should not eat more. Grapes are sweet and sour, and excessive consumption can easily cause diseases such as excessive internal heat and diarrhea, especially those with weak spleen and stomach. Peaches and oranges are warm and spicy, sour and sweet. Eating too much will make people get angry, especially immature peaches. Otherwise, their bellies will boil. Banana cold, spleen and stomach deficiency cold, stomach pain and diarrhea, hyperacidity can not eat more.
3. Health tips for fruits and vegetables
Cucumber+Mango: Helps digestion, is high in fiber and lowers blood pressure.
Cucumber+banana: constipation, loss of appetite
Dry fumigation+pineapple: improve rough skin
Lettuce and mango can relieve fatigue and low blood pressure.
Cucumber+Mango/Kiwi: Improve skin and acne.
Cucumber+papaya+tomato: Vitamin C, diabetes, help to digest protein.
Tomato+watermelon+sweet smoke: neutralize cholesterol and soothe the nerves.
Sweet smoke+papaya+pear: moistening throat, eye fatigue
Dry smoked+watermelon+apple: dry eyes and high fiber.
Ganxun+Peach+Papaya: Intestine-regulating and Beauty-caring effects.
Cucumber+kiwi fruit+honeydew melon: clearing away heat and promoting fluid production and removing acne.
Cucumber+kiwi fruit+apple: high in fiber and rich in vitamin C.
Cucumber+strawberry+apple: bleeding teeth, rosy complexion.
Cucumber+pineapple+banana: laxative, laxative.
Lettuce+papaya+pear: moistening dryness and clearing heat.
Lettuce+honeydew melon+cantaloupe: diuresis, relieving summer heat, and drying heat.
Orange+watermelon: rich in vitamin C, diuretic.
Orange+mango: improve the stomach and relieve summer heat.
Papaya+watermelon: detumescence helps digestion.
Papaya+Hami melon: moisturizing and anti-allergic
Mango+kiwi fruit: loss of appetite, elimination of fatigue, anti-black.
Banana+Kiwi: Beauty
Hami melon and kiwi fruit: eliminating fatigue and diuresis
Strawberries and watermelons: lowering blood pressure and bleaching.
Pineapple and apple: improve constipation and regulate intestines.
Peach+honeydew melon; Improve shoulder pain
Ganxun+celery: lowering blood pressure
4. Health tips for fruits and vegetables
Principles of healthy eating: 1 Reasonable collocation with protein 2. Avoid eating at midnight 3. Eat less and eat more meals 4. Eat on time 5. Chew slowly 6. Drink water 7. Eat fresh fruits and vegetables 8. Eat natural food.
The basic principles of a healthy diet are: eat well at breakfast, eat well at lunch and eat less at dinner.
(1) Eat some cereals (such as wheat, corn and oats) with low fat, low salt and high dietary fiber for breakfast, plus fruits, vegetables (such as tomatoes, apples and oranges), milk and a small amount of meat and eggs.
(2) Lunch is a very important meal in a day. These six foods can make your lunch more nutritious ...-broccoli, fish, onions, tofu, cabbage, fresh fruits and vegetables.
(3) Choose foods rich in fiber and carbohydrates for dinner. Dinner should have more than two kinds of vegetables, such as cold spinach, which can increase vitamins and provide fiber. Pasta can be reduced in moderation, and some coarse grains can be eaten appropriately. You can eat some fish in small quantities.
But if you have work to do at night, you need to eat more at dinner to replenish energy.
Cucumber+Mango: Helps digestion, is high in fiber and lowers blood pressure.
Cucumber+banana: constipation, loss of appetite
Dry fumigation+pineapple: improve rough skin
Lettuce and mango can relieve fatigue and low blood pressure.
Cucumber+Mango/Kiwi: Improve skin and acne.
Cucumber+papaya+tomato: Vitamin C, diabetes, help to digest protein.
Tomato+watermelon+sweet smoke: neutralize cholesterol and soothe the nerves.
Sweet smoke+papaya+pear: moistening throat, eye fatigue
Dry smoked+watermelon+apple: dry eyes and high fiber.
Ganxun+Peach+Papaya: Intestine-regulating and Beauty-caring effects.
Cucumber+kiwi fruit+honeydew melon: clearing away heat and promoting fluid production and removing acne.
Cucumber+kiwi fruit+apple: high in fiber and rich in vitamin C.
Cucumber+strawberry+apple: bleeding teeth, rosy complexion.
Cucumber+pineapple+banana: laxative, laxative.
Lettuce+papaya+pear: moistening dryness and clearing heat.
Lettuce+honeydew melon+cantaloupe: diuresis, relieving summer heat, and drying heat.
Orange+watermelon: rich in vitamin C, diuretic.
Orange+mango: improve the stomach and relieve summer heat.
Papaya+watermelon: detumescence helps digestion.
Papaya+Hami melon: moisturizing and anti-allergic
Mango+kiwi fruit: loss of appetite, elimination of fatigue, anti-black.
Banana+Kiwi: Beauty
Hami melon and kiwi fruit: eliminating fatigue and diuresis
Strawberries and watermelons: lowering blood pressure and bleaching.
Pineapple and apple: improve constipation and regulate intestines.
Peach+honeydew melon; Improve shoulder pain
Ganxun+celery: lowering blood pressure
5. Common knowledge of the efficacy of common fruits, and when to eat what fruits.
Apple: It has the effects of promoting fluid production to quench thirst, clearing away heat, invigorating stomach and promoting digestion. It is a good beauty product, which can not only lose weight, but also make the skin smooth and tender. If you are afraid of being fat, apples are a good choice. In addition to rich dietary fiber, galacturonic acid contained in it helps to detoxify, while pectin can prevent food from rotting in the intestine. Apple contains copper, iodine, manganese, zinc, potassium and other elements. Without these elements, the skin will be dry, prone to cracking and itching.
Note: apples should not be eaten with carrots, and carrots are prone to produce substances that induce goiter. Don't eat apples with milk. The protein reaction between fruit acid and milk will generate calcium precipitate, which will cause stones. Apple core contains cyanide. Eating an apple core intact (chewing and swallowing) won't kill you, but it's definitely bad for your health.
6. Four Seasons Fruit Health Tips
Pear, banana, papaya, cherry, plum, peach and fig can be selected in spring, and watermelon, longan, litchi, mango, grape, carambola and coconut can be selected in summer; In autumn, you can choose chestnuts, apples, sugarcane, Wendan, persimmons and loquats; You can choose oranges, walnuts, tomatoes and red dates in winter.
Spring diet should be light and eat more sweets. [1] 1, pear (1) taste: sweet and slightly sour, cool in nature, entering the lung and stomach meridians.
(2) Efficacy: it has the functions of promoting fluid production, moistening dryness, clearing away heat and resolving phlegm, and relieving alcoholism; It can be used for dry cough, thirst and constipation caused by fever and yin deficiency, and also for polydipsia, cough and asthma, yellow phlegm and other symptoms caused by internal heat. (3) Nutritional analysis: Pear is rich in B vitamins, which can protect the heart, reduce fatigue, enhance myocardial vitality and lower blood pressure; Pear contains sugar, tannic acid and other ingredients, which can eliminate phlegm and relieve cough, and has a healing effect on throat; Pears contain more carbohydrates and vitamins, which are easily absorbed by the human body, stimulate appetite and protect the liver. Pears are cool and can clear away heat and soothe the nerves. Regular consumption can make blood pressure return to normal and improve dizziness and other symptoms. Eating pears can prevent atherosclerosis and inhibit the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines, thus preventing cancer. Pear has a high pectin content, which helps digestion and defecation.
(4) Precautions: Pear is cold and helps dampness. Eating too much will hurt the spleen and stomach, so people who are cold and afraid of cold should eat less. Pear contains more fruit acid and stomach acid, so it is not advisable to eat more.
Pear has diuretic effect, and people with frequent urination at night should eat less pears before going to bed. Patients with blood deficiency, chills, diarrhea and cold hands and feet should not eat more pears. It is best to cook them before eating them to prevent the symptoms of dampness and cold from getting worse.
Pears are high in sugar, so diabetics should be careful. Pear contains a lot of fruit acid, so it is not suitable to be used with alkaline drugs, such as aminophylline and baking soda.
Pears should not be eaten with crabs to prevent diarrhea. For relieving cough and resolving phlegm, sweet pears with high sugar content should not be selected.
[5] 2. Banana (1) Taste: sweet and cool. (2) Efficacy: used for stomach yin deficiency, dry throat and thirst, or body fluid injury caused by heat, polydipsia and thirst; Intestinal dryness, constipation, dry stool, or hemorrhoid and bloody stool, clearing away heat and toxic materials, moistening lung and relieving cough, lowering blood pressure and nourishing.
(3) Nutritional analysis: it contains fructose, glucose, protein, fat, carotene, vitamin B 1, B2, C, E, nicotinic acid, pectin, calcium, phosphorus, iron, 5- hydroxytryptamine, norepinephrine and dihydroxyphenylethylamine. 5- hydroxytryptamine may reduce gastric acid, while banana can relieve the * * * effect on gastric mucosa, so it has a certain protective effect on gastric ulcer.
In addition, the urine sugar of diabetic patients did not increase after eating bananas. (4) Precautions: It is not advisable to eat more when you are easy to get fat, and people with diarrhea due to spleen deficiency should not eat more. Those who are prone to deficiency-cold should avoid it, and those with stomachache and abdominal cold and spleen-stomach deficiency-cold should eat less.
[6] 3. Cherry (1) taste: warm in nature, sweet and slightly sour in taste; Enter spleen and liver meridian. (2) Efficacy: tonify middle energizer, dispel wind and remove dampness, control watery diarrhea and stop ejaculation; After treatment, the main symptoms are fatigue, shortness of breath, palpitation, listlessness, anorexia, dry throat and thirst, rheumatism, lumbago and leg pain, numbness of limbs, unfavorable joint flexion and extension, chilblain and so on.
(3) Nutritional analysis: In the fruit family, the iron content is generally low, but the cherry stands out: the iron content per100g of cherry is as high as 59 mg, ranking first among fruits; Vitamin a content is 4~5 times more than that of grapes, apples and oranges. In addition, cherries also contain vitamins B and C and mineral elements such as calcium and phosphorus.
Every 100g contains 83g of water, 0.4g of protein/kloc-0, 0.3g of fat, 8g of sugar, 0.4g of carbohydrate/kloc-0, 66kcal of heat, 0.4g of crude fiber, 0.5g of ash, 0.8mg of calcium/kloc-0, and 0.4g of phosphorus/kloc-0. Nicotinic acid 0.4 mg, ascorbic acid 3 mg, potassium 258 mg, sodium 0.7 mg, magnesium 10.6 mg, and rich in vitamin a(4) Note: cherries are not suitable for people with warm, fever and cough due to deficiency heat; Cherry nucleolus contains cyanosides, which produce hydrocyanic acid after hydrolysis. Be careful when taking medicine.
Those with ulcer symptoms, those who get angry, eat carefully; People with diabetes should not eat it. Cherry is high in potassium, but it should not be underestimated. Every100g contains 258mg of potassium, which is not a small amount for patients with kidney disease.
Nephropathy patients will suffer from oliguria and edema if their kidneys lose the function of regulating water and electrolytes. When oliguria occurs, potassium retention may occur due to decreased potassium excretion. If the patient eats too many cherries, the patient will have hyperkalemia.
When blood potassium >: 6.5 mmol/L, the patient's heart can stop beating in a few seconds to several minutes. Therefore, hyperkalemia can be said to be the "invisible killer" of chronic kidney disease.
[7] (2) Summer represents the vigorous growth of everything in summer and is the most energetic season of the year. However, Chinese medicine believes that summer is the most vigorous season in a year, so heatstroke prevention is one of the primary goals of summer health care.
1] Therefore, the diet in summer should focus on clearing away heat and relieving summer heat. [1, watermelon (1) Nature and taste: cold in nature, sweet in taste, heart meridian, stomach meridian and bladder meridian.
(2) Efficacy: used for summer heat, epidemic febrile disease, excessive body fluid injury, upset and thirsty, or excessive drinking; Inflammation of heart fire, red tongue and aphtha; Urine pool is not good. Now it is used for nephritis, edema and hypertension.
(3) Nutritional analysis: The volatile components contain protein, glucose, sucrose, fructose, malic acid, citrulline, glutamic acid, arginine, phosphoric acid, glycine, propionic acid, ethylene glycol, betaine, adenine, carotene, tomato hydrocarbon, hexahydrotomato hydrocarbon, vitamins A, B, C and various aldehydes. (4) Precautions: Not applicable to patients with spleen and stomach weakness or diarrhea in loose stool.
Watermelon can't be eaten after deterioration, which is easy to cause gastrointestinal diseases and diarrhea. [8] 2. Litchi (1) taste: sweet, sour and warm, entering the heart, spleen and liver meridians.
(2) Efficacy: used for deficiency of stomach yin, thirst and dry throat; Eat less because of spleen deficiency, or diarrhea; Blood deficiency and palpitation. (3) Nutritional analysis: Litchi meat contains glucose, sucrose, protein, fat, carotene, vitamin B 1, B2, C, folic acid, citric acid, malic acid, calcium, phosphorus, iron, arginine and tryptophan.
Litchi contains calories (70.00kcal), protein (0.90g), fat (0.20g), carbohydrate (16.60g), dietary fiber (0.50g) and vitamin A (2.00) per 100g. Carotene (10.00 μ g), thiamine (0. 10 mg), riboflavin (0.04 mg), nicotinic acid (1. 10 mg), vitamin C (4 1.00 mg)