(2) Bulk grain trucks. Bulk grain truck is a highly specialized grain transportation tool. (3) boxcar. Because of its simple structure, high capacity utilization and strong adaptability, box trucks are the most widely used trucks in the logistics field. The main features of boxcar are totally enclosed car body, convenient door loading and unloading, and door-to-door transportation. The closed carriage can not only protect the goods from wind, rain and sun, but also prevent the goods from being lost, reduce the damage of the goods and improve the transportation quality. Small box trucks generally have sliding side doors and rear driving doors, which are convenient for loading and unloading goods, and because they are small and light, they can cross the streets and deliver the goods directly to the consignee. Small box trucks are suitable for the transportation of goods with short transportation distance, small batch and high working time requirements. Especially when transporting all kinds of household appliances, textiles and other light industrial products, small box cars are the ideal choice for logistics companies. Generally speaking, box trucks have large cargo capacity and good sealing performance. With the weight reduction of carriages (box materials tend to be light alloy), the position of boxcars in the freight market is increasing day by day.
(4) gondola cars. Because the top is open, the gondola car can carry goods of different heights.
(5) flatbed car. This kind of car is mainly used to transport steel, containers and other goods. (6) tanker. This kind of car has the characteristics of strong sealing, and is suitable for transporting fluid items (such as oil) and volatile flammable dangerous goods. (7) refrigerated trucks. This kind of car is mainly used to transport perishable and fresh goods that need to be refrigerated and kept fresh, and the temperature can be controlled.
(8) Stop the truck. This kind of car is characterized by low center of gravity and moderate load. Mainly used for loading department stores and groceries. (9) container tractors and trailers. Container tractor is specially used to tow container trailers or semi-trailers, which are combined to form a train set. It is a special machine for long-distance container transportation, which is mainly used for transportation between ports and docks, railway freight yards and container yards. Container trailers are divided into semi-trailer and full trailer according to different traction methods, of which semi-trailer is the most commonly used.
And trucks. According to the load weight, there are heavy and light trucks; According to the size of the car, there are large, neutral and mini trucks. Among them, mini and light trucks can be used for indoor cargo collection and distribution, heavy trucks can be used for long-distance trunk transportation, and medium trucks can be used for short-distance outdoor transportation.
Question 2: What equipment does the logistics distribution center need? 1, tray
Pallet is the most widely used logistics equipment, and it is also the most easily overlooked. The operation efficiency of many distribution centers is affected by improper pallet selection. When choosing a pallet, it is mainly necessary to determine the material, specifications and load of the pallet, whether it is used once or for many times, and whether it is only circulated in the distribution center. From the load-bearing point of view, all types of pallets can meet the requirements. The prices of composite pallets such as paper pallets, plastic wood and plywood fluctuate greatly. The characteristics of the stored goods determine the material of the pallet. Some goods are not allowed to have any volatile substances, and steel pallets can be chosen. Some goods are prone to mildew, so it is best to choose plastic pallets. Table 2 is a comparison of the characteristics of commonly used trays.
2, turnover box
There are mainly two kinds of plastic and paper, among which plastic turnover box is the most widely used. When choosing, in addition to the size of the turnover box, we should also pay attention to whether it is oblique insertion or standard type, covered or uncovered, folded or unfolded. Oblique insertion saves space, but the storage capacity will be affected; Improper use of folding is easy to damage.
3. Warehouse cage
It is usually made of steel. Pay attention to the caster material, whether it is universal wheel, etc.
When buying pallets, turnover boxes and spare parts boxes, we should also pay attention to the location of bar code labels. Some can also be implanted with RFID tags.
Step 4: Shelves
When purchasing shelves, we should first determine the size and weight of storage units according to the results of EIQ analysis, that is, the maximum length, width, height and weight of pallet goods and the maximum length, width, height and weight of box goods. The purchase of shelves is relatively simple, so I won't do a detailed analysis here.
5. Auxiliary sorting equipment
At present, the most commonly used picking methods are form picking (paper picking), radio frequency picking, PTL picking, voice picking, automatic picking and so on.
Radio frequency can be used in general occasions, and it is also the most widely used sorting auxiliary equipment in distribution centers at present. The biggest disadvantage of hand-held radio frequency is that it can't carry goods flexibly with both hands. Pay attention to the number of keys on the keyboard when buying RF, and whether there is a demand for Chinese character input; To determine whether to scan at a long distance or at a short distance; Whether the bar code is one-dimensional or two-dimensional; Whether there are waterproof requirements.
Car RF and ring RF are expensive and rarely used in China.
6, forklift
Forklift is the most widely used handling equipment in distribution center and the most important handling equipment in distribution center.
7. AGV .AGV is a "luxury" in logistics equipment, which is suitable for distribution centers with high automation or environments harmful to human health. When choosing, safety and reliability are the primary considerations; Followed by load, size, self-weight, speed and so on.
The main guidance modes of AGV are shown in Table 3. Different guiding methods are used in different occasions, and magnetic tape is not suitable for forklift operation, because magnetic tape is easily damaged by forklift tires, so electromagnetic tape can be used; When the path needs to be changed frequently or the path is complex, the laser type can be used.
8. Conveying equipment. The conveying equipment is suitable for continuous or intermittent handling along the designated route, and is suitable for pallet goods, boxed goods and scattered goods. When selecting conveying equipment, please pay attention to the following points:
A) characteristics of the goods. Whether the shape is regular or fragile, whether the shape packaging is regular, size, weight, etc. , will affect the configuration of conveying equipment.
B) flow. The flow directly determines the speed and efficiency of the conveying system. In addition, because the conveying system itself is a complex system, the system efficiency is the synthesis of the efficiency of each stand-alone equipment, so the efficiency of conveying equipment should be considered comprehensively.
C) safety and stability. As an important operation equipment of modern logistics center, the stability of transportation equipment is the basis to ensure its smooth operation. Attention should be paid to the safety protection of conveying equipment for people and arc objects.
There is no problem of laser refraction, and the CCD scanner has a strong ability to read the barcode under the film, and the MTBF (Continuous Failure Time) of the CCD scanner is also longer than that of the laser scanner. But the price of CCD scanner is much more expensive than laser scanner.
Considering the possible discontinuity in the operation of the logistics center, the efficiency of the sorting system must be appropriately enlarged relative to the demand when configuring the equipment.
9. Peripheral equipment. As the peripheral auxiliary equipment of the distribution center, hydraulic platform and sliding door are the organic components of the whole distribution center operation equipment system. In the selection process, besides considering the cooperation with foreign vehicles and forklift operation, the key is to combine the height of the platform. ...& gt& gt
Question 3: What are the air transport equipment? 1. Air transport equipment. Mainly including airports and planes.
(1) Airport. That is to say, an air station or airport is a stopover point for air transportation for aircraft to take off, land and park.
(2) aircraft. For logistics enterprises, aircraft mainly refers to cargo planes or passenger and cargo aircraft in civil aircraft. Cargo planes are bulky, but the operating costs are high, and they are only used on some routes with sufficient supply, so the transportation costs are also high. At present, the trend is the rapid development of passenger and cargo mixed transport machine, because it can transport passengers and goods at the same time, and adjust transportation arrangements in time according to transportation needs, with high flexibility.
2. Pipeline transportation equipment. When carrying out pipeline transportation, logistics enterprises mainly choose different transportation pipelines. The transportation pipelines are divided into crude oil pipelines (used for transporting crude oil), refined oil pipelines (used for transporting kerosene, gasoline, diesel oil, aviation kerosene, fuel oil and liquefied petroleum gas), natural gas pipelines (used for transporting natural gas and oilfield associated gas) and solid slurry pipelines (used for transporting coal slurry, for example).
Question 4: What equipment do you need to prepare to start a logistics company? A logistics express company is first of all a logistics management system, including software and hardware systems; Then there are simple means of transportation and basic office equipment.
System software includes logistics management software. If you cooperate with other big companies to be regional agents, the system must be used by the superior company and the equipment should be configured according to their requirements. If you do it yourself, you should first set up a management system, including special express envelopes (and packaging bags), multi-layer bills with glue (if you print bills on the spot, you don't need to, but you should prepare to print bills), hand-held terminals (this is optional, with and without printed bills), computers, printers, telecom or Netcom computer rooms to host servers (for customers to query online services) and so on.
The mode of transportation depends on the kind of goods you transport. If you make a small piece like SF, you only need to prepare a mini-car or even an electric motorcycle. But if you produce big products like Debon and ZJS, you need forklifts and trucks. To do this, you must have a warehouse with pallets, shelves and sorting equipment.
Question 5: What facilities and equipment 1 are involved in automobile logistics transportation, such as common transportation equipment and automobiles. 2. Storage equipment, such as vertical lifting cabinets, 3. Hand-held scanning terminal, etc. These generally need to cooperate with standardized logistics packaging, such as shelf material boxes.
Question 6: What are the classifications of logistics equipment? 1. According to the unique functions of equipment, it can be divided into transportation equipment, storage equipment, loading and unloading equipment, circulation processing equipment, packaging equipment and information processing equipment. 2. According to the considerable position of equipment in logistics activities, it can be divided into fixed equipment and mobile equipment. Fixed equipment such as railways and highways; Movable equipment such as bridges and tunnels, stations, ports, warehouses and other buildings, such as trains, cars, ships, mobile loading and unloading equipment, etc. 3. According to the service scope of equipment in logistics activities, it can be divided into enterprise (production) logistics equipment and social (supply and marketing) logistics equipment. Enterprise logistics equipment is a part of enterprise's fixed assets, belonging to enterprise's own equipment, such as transport vehicles, railway special lines, loading and unloading machinery, packaging machinery, storage buildings and so on. Social logistics equipment serves social logistics and belongs to public equipment, such as traffic lines, bridges and tunnels, stations and ports.
Question 7: What are the forms of logistics transportation? Generally speaking, logistics transportation modes include: railway transportation, ocean transportation, inland river transportation, air transportation, pipeline transportation, road transportation and multimodal transportation.
Various modes of transportation have their own characteristics and are suitable for different transportation environments, product requirements and customer needs. Specific can check the general logistics books, there will be a very clear discussion.
Are you satisfied with the above answers?
Question 8: What are the common facilities in the logistics industry? The knowledge of common equipment in logistics industry is great. Let me tell you something about common idiots: 1. Packaging machinery and equipment: 1 filling machinery and equipment (screw propeller, gravity propeller, vibrating feeder, conveyor belt feeder, vacuum filling system, etc. ) 2 filling machinery (paste filling machine, etc. 3 sealing machinery (hand sealing machine, foot sealing machine, floor automatic sealing machine, horizontal automatic sealing machine, etc.). Vertical automatic sealing machine, ultrasonic sealing machine, semi-automatic rotary sealing machine, etc. 4 winding machine (cantilever stretching film winding machine, seam winding machine, etc.). ) 5 Labeling machine (RG 100 1 automatic double-sided labeling machine, which is relatively rare) 2 Loading and unloading machinery and equipment (loaders, ship unloaders are common: bridge cranes, portal cranes, portal cranes). Handling and transportation include: belt conveyor, bucket elevator, screw conveyor, bar conveyor, pneumatic conveyor, etc. (3) Containerized equipment and appliances (commonly containers, pallets, container bags, container nets, container filling, etc.). Handling vehicles and trucks (forklifts, AGV automatic guided vehicles, trolleys, tractors, trucks, etc.). Storage machinery and equipment (stacking cranes, stacking robots, etc.). Measuring equipment, etc. 6. Mobile processing machinery and equipment. Sending machinery and equipment. Logistics information and electronic equipment (automatic identification equipment, POS machine, GPS system, logistics information and electronic equipment configuration, etc. ) This is my draft. If you want to know more or more details, you can refer to the book Application and Management of Logistics Machinery and Equipment.
Question 9: What products does the logistics equipment include? This whole process is logistics. This process can be simply divided into two parts: transportation and storage.
Transportation needs transportation. Anything you think can be used as a means of cargo transportation can be regarded as a means of logistics.
Due to different conditions, warehousing needs all kinds of tools. Usually warehouses have shelves, including flat shelves and three-dimensional shelves.
Forklift is also a necessary tool for warehouse. In addition, with the development of logistics informatization, some electronic equipment has become an essential tool for modern warehousing.
Such as a scanning gun for inputting barcode information of commodities, a database for storing commodity reserve information, and the like.
Question 10: What road transportation equipment are there? Road transport equipment mainly includes transport vehicles. Cars are the main means of transportation used on expressways. Cars are mainly divided into passenger cars, trucks and special transport vehicles. In logistics transportation, logistics enterprises mainly use special transport vehicles and trucks. 1. Special transport vehicle. This mainly includes dump trucks with hydraulic unloading mechanism; A bulk grain truck with a grain inlet and a grain outlet; A standard trailer or truck with a closed container, that is, a boxcar; Open-top gondola; Flat car, that is, trailer without top and side box board; Tank trailer; Refrigerated truck; A high hurdle scooter that can increase the trunk volume; Special vehicle with unique design and special purpose. (1) Dump truck. This kind of truck has great power and passing capacity. It can automatically turn back or turn over, and the goods can be unloaded by its own gravity. Generally used in mines and construction sites and transportation of coal and ore. Logistics companies generally don't use this kind of truck.
(2) Bulk grain trucks. Bulk grain truck is a highly specialized grain transportation tool. (3) boxcar. Because of its simple structure, high capacity utilization and strong adaptability, box trucks are the most widely used trucks in the logistics field. The main features of boxcar are totally enclosed car body, convenient door loading and unloading, and door-to-door transportation. The closed carriage can not only protect the goods from wind, rain and sun, but also prevent the goods from being lost, reduce the damage of the goods and improve the transportation quality. Small box trucks generally have sliding side doors and rear driving doors, which are convenient for loading and unloading goods, and because they are small and light, they can cross the streets and deliver the goods directly to the consignee. Small box trucks are suitable for the transportation of goods with short transportation distance, small batch and high working time requirements. Especially when transporting all kinds of household appliances, textiles and other light industrial products, small box cars are the ideal choice for logistics companies. Generally speaking, box trucks have large cargo capacity and good sealing performance. With the weight reduction of carriages (box materials tend to be light alloy), the position of boxcars in the freight market is increasing day by day.
(4) gondola cars. Because the top is open, the gondola car can carry goods of different heights.
(5) flatbed car. This kind of car is mainly used to transport steel, containers and other goods. (6) tanker. This kind of car has the characteristics of strong sealing, and is suitable for transporting fluid items (such as oil) and volatile flammable dangerous goods. (7) refrigerated trucks. This kind of car is mainly used to transport perishable and fresh goods that need to be refrigerated and kept fresh, and the temperature can be controlled.
(8) Stop the truck. This kind of car is characterized by low center of gravity and moderate load. Mainly used for loading department stores and groceries. (9) container tractors and trailers. Container tractor is specially used to tow container trailers or semi-trailers, which are combined to form a train set. It is a special machine for long-distance container transportation, which is mainly used for transportation between ports and docks, railway freight yards and container yards. Container trailers are divided into semi-trailer and full trailer according to different traction methods, of which semi-trailer is the most commonly used.
And trucks. According to the load weight, there are heavy and light trucks; According to the size of the car, there are large, neutral and mini trucks. Among them, mini and light trucks can be used for indoor cargo collection and distribution, heavy trucks can be used for long-distance trunk transportation, and medium trucks can be used for short-distance outdoor transportation.