Hukou Waterfall, printed on the back of RMB in 50 yuan, is familiar to everyone in China. This is an endless topic, where you can experience the miracle of nature and appreciate the long history of human civilization.
There is a 75-kilometer-long Great Wall on the shore of Hukou, which is said to have been built by the Qing army to prevent the Nian army from crossing eastward. This is the latest section of the Great Wall built in China. There are many folklore related to Dayu's water control near Hukou. The "Maoyushan" by the river is said to be the place where Dayu rested when he was managing water. The small stone cave on the bank of the waterfall was washed away by the river and was regarded as the footprint left by Dayu by the people.
For a long time, Hukou Waterfall is an insurmountable and unavoidable difficulty for ordinary people on both sides of the strait. In the underdeveloped period of land transportation, the Yellow River shipping is an important way to communicate northwest and north China, and any ship going to the mouth of the lake has to abandon the water and land, so this wonderful scene with "sailing in dry land". Dozens of people, hundreds at most, put the rolling logs under the berthing ships, drag them away, pull them into the small river mouth, reload them and then launch them to avoid the blockage of the waterfalls. For these people, hukou is not a poetic place. Sailing on Land recorded the hardships of Huang Heren.
Hukou is also a place that artists yearn for. For thousands of years, there have been countless poems praising Hukou Waterfall. Influenced by the tragic trend of thought in Hukou, Xian Xinghai, a modern poet and musician, wrote the famous The Yellow River Cantata, and the artistic aura possessed by Hukou was inspired to the extreme.
Hukou Waterfall is not a fixed landscape, but a flowing landscape. Compared with the records in Water Mirror Notes, Hukou Waterfall retreated about 5 kilometers in about 1500 years due to the scouring of rivers. The Map of Hongmai Yuanhe County was written in the eighth year of Yuanhe, Tang Xianzong (8 13), which was 286 years (527 years) before Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Classics was written. According to the records of the location of Hukou Waterfall in the two books, experts calculated that Hukou moved upward1475m only in these 286 years. The earliest location of Hukou Waterfall should be near Longmen in Hejin County today. However, the style of the hukou has not been damaged by its changes. Indefinite spouts, eternal spouts and solemn spouts form defensive spouts for militarists, inspire artists, bring hardships to boat people and bring beauty to modern people, so they rush around unscrupulously and roar tirelessly.
Uncover the unsolved mystery of the Yellow River
"The Yellow River comes to Kunlun in the west, roaring and Wan Li touches Longmen", and the roar of Hukou still echoes in my heart. We have reached the source of the dragon-Longmen. Legend has it that carp can turn into dragons and soar in the sky if they jump upstream. We didn't trace the whereabouts of the dragon here this time, but came to visit another great wonder of the Yellow River-uncovering the bottom of the river.
In the Longmen reach of the Yellow River, when the river flow is large and the sediment content in the water is high, the sediment at the bottom of the river bed will be picked up in large chunks and thrown out of the water. The local people said that after a heavy rain, the water of the Yellow River soared, and people along the river saw that the bottom of the river was 1 meter thick and was brought to the surface by the surging river. We didn't see it with our own eyes, so it's hard to imagine the scene at that time, but in just a few hours, the riverbed here was indeed washed down by nearly 10 meters!
The reason for this phenomenon has not been clearly analyzed so far, but it must have happened when there is a lot of sediment in the river. We saw in my hometown that a bucket of water in the Yellow River has a thick layer of loess after precipitation. When we lamented that there was so much soil in the river, the staff of the nearby hydrological observation station smiled and asked us, did you know the sediment content when you opened the river? He said that when the bottom of the river is uncovered, there are often 500-600 kilograms of sediment in the Yellow River water of 1 m3, and they have measured thousands of kilograms at most! That feeling is not sand in water at all, but water in sand.
Hedong, outstanding people.
Shanxi is located in the west of Taihang Mountain, so it is called Shanxi. It is located in the east of the Yellow River and was called Hedong in ancient times. The word "Hedong" refers to the southwest of Shanxi during the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, mainly in the area under the jurisdiction of Yuncheng City today, and generally refers to Shanxi Province after the Tang Dynasty. In the eyes of Shanxi people, Hedong refers to the cities and counties in Yuncheng area. People in Yuncheng county also call themselves "Hedong people".
Hedong area is not only the focus of Shanxi's agricultural economy, but also a place with profound cultural accumulation, long cultural tradition and many cultural celebrities. It is not too much to compare excellent people. I have the opportunity to visit the remains of these ancient celebrities and pay tribute to this land from the bottom of my heart.
In Wangli Township, Wanrong County, there is a village called Pingyuan Village. More than half the residents there are surnamed Xue. They are all descendants of Xue (Wang Xuan), a great scholar in the Ming Dynasty. Xue Xuan, the left assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites, retired for many times because of his integrity. He is a descendant of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties, unique and the founder of Hedong School. Today's descendants of the Xue family have been handed down for more than 20 generations since Xue Xuan, and there are more than 2,000 descendants in Pingyuan Village alone.
Tonghua Town in Wanrong County is the hometown of poets Tong Wang, Wang Ji and Wang Bo in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting made this it runs in the family poetry family famous. The queens in the town are trying to find and protect the remains of their ancestors. The village has also set up a folk "Three Kings Research Association" to organize everyone to study the poems of the "Three Kings". They printed the academic journal Three Kings at their own expense, and sorting out family stories became an important part of the lives of these simple-dressed villagers.
This kind of cultural heritage atmosphere can be seen everywhere in Hedong, and celebrities come forth in large numbers. Yongji city, just beside the Yellow River, is home to many cultural and historical sites, and has nurtured generations of civil and military celebrities. There are Liu Zongyuan and Shi Pin, one of the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties".
The Quelou, the hometown of Si Kongtu, one of the four famous buildings in ancient China, is being restored and will be opened soon. Visitors who come here can climb high and overlook, and experience the feeling of "going up a flight of stairs and broadening their horizons by 300 miles". Pujiu Temple, located in yongji city, is the place where the "story of a compartment" took place. The wonderful echo and crisp frog sound from Yingying Tower attract tourists from all over the world.
This is the Yellow River, which has nurtured generations of Chinese children and inherited the fire of Chinese culture. The sad and moving folk songs in the northern Hequ and the infatuated Pu Opera in the eastern part of the south exude the moving melody of the people and make this desolate land reverberate with the vitality of life. Ancient pagodas, theaters, temples, terraces, natural scenery and ancestral relics all tell us that the Yellow River, as the birthplace of Chinese civilization and the mother river of the Chinese nation, contains great charm. The towering peaks, gullies, narrow paths, bare wasteland and rampant sandstorms record the hardships and tenacity of the sons and daughters of the Yellow River. The pace of the times is advancing rapidly, and life in Huang Heren is changing in peace. Only Huanglong, carrying sand, flows day and night, telling you the eternity of time. "The deceased is like a husband!" The emotion of this Millennium, the sigh of philosophers, goes through ancient and modern times.