(1) location selection
The retaining reservoir bay requires a lower abdomen and a flat bottom, and the dam foundation is watertight. During the dry season, the reservoir is drained and dredged, and the water level in the bay is 2 ~ 10 meter, which is pollution-free, fertile in water quality and sufficient in light. The rainwater collection area is moderate, and the flood is not big. The area should be within 200 mu, preferably not more than 1000 mu.
(2) Damming
There are two kinds of earth dams: homogeneous earth dams and clay core earth dams. The homogeneous earth dam is made of soil containing 50-70% sand and 30-50% clay. The earth dam with clay core wall is a dam body composed of highly permeable soil with clay core wall in the middle. The height of the dam should be slightly higher than the normal water level of the reservoir. When the flood is too large and the water level exceeds the dam crest, a low net can be installed on the dam crest to prevent escape. The dam face should be wide enough. When the dam height is 6 ~ 1 1 m, the width of the dam nursery should be 3 ~ 4m. The slope of earth dam should depend on dam material and dam height. The slope of sand dam should be slow, clay dam can be slightly steep, and the slope of high dam should be slow. Generally, if the dam height is less than10m, the inner slope is 1: 1.5 ~ 2, and the outer slope is 1: 1.5. The slope ratio near the dam bottom should be 1: 2 or/kloc-0. Slopes can be protected with stones or broken stones. In order to control the water level, it is necessary to install culvert and hoist equipment, and also to build spillway.
3) Clean up the base and eliminate pests.
Buildings, stumps, big stones and mounds at the bottom of the reservoir should be cleaned and leveled to facilitate fishing. Wild miscellaneous fish and fierce fish in the reservoir bay should also be removed by various methods, such as drainage, cleaning up the medicine pond, fishing, electric shock and explosion.
(4) fingerling cultivation
Fish culture conditions in Tubulu Bay are good. While making full use of natural bait, it can also be fertilized and fed in large quantities, and the water environment is easy to control. Therefore, Tubulu Bay is generally used to breed silver carp and bighead carp (there are also a few other fish species). Mainly silver carp, which can be matched with 10% ~ 20% bighead carp; Mainly bighead carp, not silver carp. There are generally three ways: cultivating summer flowers: from fry to 3 ~ 5 cm summer flowers. It is required that the reservoir bay is shallow and the area is within 30 mu. The stocking density is 80 ~1.2000 fish/mu. Apply sufficient base fertilizer before stocking, and pour the fertilizer into the pond. In the process of breeding, the combination of bait and fertilizer is used for breeding. Winter seed cultivation: that is, from summer flowers of 3 ~ 5 cm to winter seeds with a body length of more than 13 cm, the methods of applying sufficient base fertilizer, releasing fish with rich water, topdressing and feeding are also adopted. Generally, 4,000 fish can be released per mu, which can grow to about 2,500 fish per 1.3cm in three months, and the stocking density can be higher under good conditions. 2-year-old seedling cultivation: that is, the seedlings with body length 10 ~ 13 cm are cultivated into large-scale seedlings with body length over 20 cm. Polyculture can be carried out to a certain extent, and the stocking density is generally1500 ~ 2,000 fish/mu, and the reservoir bay with a large area is generally used.
2. Network Block Library Bay
There are some similarities between fish culture in Jingshuiku Bay and fish culture in Tushuiku Bay. The difference is that the area is generally large, reaching thousands of acres; The net foundation is low, and it is required to maintain a water depth of about 2 meters in dry season; Net barriers are usually double barriers, and the setting method is the same as that of fish blocking facilities; The water body in the bay is connected with the large water body, and the water level changes with the change of reservoir water level; Generally speaking, fish farming is mainly based on natural bait, so the stocking density is generally smaller than that of Tuku Bay, and it is mainly based on raising large-scale fish or adult fish. In the reservoir bay with good blocking conditions, under the condition of high technical level and sufficient fertilizer, small fish species can also be cultivated in the blocked reservoir bay, even from fry to summer flowers, and the stocking density can be very high. For example, Gaozhou Reservoir in Guangdong Province adopts the cultivation method of big grass and puts in a lot of green manure to improve water quality. The area 10 mu, the water depth 1.5 ~ 2 meters, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp, herring 5000 ~ 65438+ 10,000 fish/mu. Then, it is put into a secondary net barrier area with an area of 100 ~ 180 mu and an average water depth of 2 ~ 3 meters (the density is 8000 ~ 15000 fish/mu) to cultivate 7 cm fish; Finally, the 7 cm fingerlings are released to the third-class reservoir bay with an area of 800-900 mu and a water depth of 8- 12 m (density of 2,000-3,000 fingerlings/mu) to cultivate large fingerlings with an area of 13 cm or more. The first, second and third level network blocks are directly connected together.
3. Fishing in Kuwan
It is difficult to catch fish in Kuwan, mainly because of the water depth and uneven bottom. Xin 'anjiang Reservoir is trapped by nets, and the water rising rate can reach 90%. The main method is to bait a large number of food tables to lure fish, and then gradually drag the food tables into the net, and then drift the net quickly after the fish are stable in the net. In the reservoir bay with wide water depth, the fishing method of "catching, stopping and stretching" can be used to fish; In Xiaotuba Reservoir Bay, we can pull the net to catch fish, and the effect is also good.