Degradation of surrounding green space
In recent years, with the drastic changes in climate and frequent human activities, the ecological "red light" around Qinghai Lake has been lit up frequently, and the deteriorating ecology is eroding this "pearl of the plateau" and making it "black and blue".
The data show that the grassland around the lake is degraded and desertification is serious. At present, the degraded area of grassland in the lake area is increasing by 3% every year. The area of sand dunes and aeolian sandy land in Qinghai Lake Basin exceeds 760 square kilometers, which is more than 300 square kilometers more than that in the late 1950s, and it is expanding at the rate of 10. 12 square kilometers per year. The scope of sandstorm activities has also expanded from the original concentration in the northeast of the lake to the whole lake basin. Poisonous weeds spread in many grasslands in the lake area, causing serious rodent damage, and some grasslands became "black soil beaches".
water level lowering
With the decrease of make-up water and the increase of evaporation, Qinghai Lake has been "slimming". In the past century, the water level of Qinghai Lake has dropped by about 13 meters, the lake area has decreased by 700 square kilometers, and the water shortage is 55 billion cubic meters. Half a century ago, there were 108 rivers flowing into Qinghai Lake. Now there are only more than 40 rivers such as Buha River, Liusha River and Heima River. According to local people, important recharge rivers such as Buha River and Quanji River are often cut off. At present, the total annual water supply in the lake area is 3.457 billion cubic meters, while the annual evaporation in the lake area is as high as 3.93 billion cubic meters. Relevant persons pointed out that if the deterioration of the ecological environment is not effectively curbed, the water supply of Qinghai Lake will be further reduced, the surrounding desert will expand rapidly and the lake surface will shrink faster.
Ecological resources have been destroyed.
Biological resources are destroyed. The production of naked carp in Qinghai Lake, commonly known as yellow croaker, is an important link in the ecological chain of Qinghai Lake. Once, Qinghai Lake was rich in yellow croaker resources, with a reserve of about 50,000 tons. However, the long-term disorderly overfishing has led to a sharp decline in fish resources in the Yellow Sea, and the initial stage of development is insufficient110. Nowadays, it is rare to see a once widely distributed snow leopard in Qinghai Lake area, and there are only a handful of Przewalski's gazelle, and the sight of wild animals in groups is even rarer. Biological resources have been seriously damaged, tearing the ecological chain around the lake.
Experts believe that there are "natural disasters" or even "man-made disasters" in the ecological deterioration around the lake: the ecological environment in this area is inherently fragile, and global climate change, rising temperature and decreasing precipitation have great impacts on its ecology; Rapid population growth, overgrazing and long-term over-exploitation of natural resources have led to ecological deterioration in Qinghai Lake area.