Chengdu's historical and cultural heritage, many things in our lives are historical and cultural, and most of the cultures are cultural contents accumulated and passed down with our development. Let's take a look at the historical and cultural background of Chengdu.
Chengdu historical and cultural background 1 1, Chengdu historical and cultural introduction:
More than 2,300 years ago, Wang Mingkai IX of the ancient Shu moved the capital from today's Pixian and Shuangliu counties, taking the meaning of "Chengdu in one year, Chengdu in two years", and named it "Chengdu" here. Its title has been used ever since.
Because of its special economic and geographical position in the southwest of China, Chengdu has become an important political and military place in history. From the end of the Western Han Dynasty (AD 8-25), when Gongsun Shu, the prefect of Shu County, proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, there were at least seven places in history where regimes were divided.
One of the most famous is the Shu-Han regime established by Liu Bei and Liu Chan 1700 years ago. These feudal regimes, which separated Sichuan in past dynasties, all took Chengdu as their capital without exception, and then controlled the whole of Sichuan, dominated the southwest and won the Central Plains.
Chengdu, as a city, has never moved its site, which is a miracle in the history of world cities. The ancient Chengdu has won many praises in its development. In the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25-220), because brocade was developed, a special organization "Jinguan" was set up to manage it, so it was called "Jinguan City" (referred to as "Jincheng"). At the end of the Western Han Dynasty (AD 8), Chengdu, Luoyang, Handan, Linzi and Wancheng became one of the five major commercial cities in China.
After the Five Dynasties, the Emperor of Shu (933-965 AD) planted hibiscus all over the city wall, so it was also called "Furong City" (abbreviated as "Rongcheng"). In the Song Dynasty (AD 960-1279), it ranked among the best in China because of its comprehensive economic level. At that time, people also had the evaluation of "promoting one and benefiting two", which was just as famous as Yangzhou, which has the advantages of shipping and trading ports. Chengdu has been known as the land of abundance since Li Bing, the magistrate of Qin and Shu, presided over the construction of the world-famous Dujiangyan water conservancy project more than 2000 years ago.
2. Introduction to Chengdu:
Today, Chengdu is the capital of Sichuan Province, an important central city in the southwest of China, a business center, a science and technology center, a financial center and a transportation and communication hub in the southwest of China. The construction of urban ecological and cultural environment has experienced the comprehensive improvement project of Funan River, the traffic project of "Five Roads and One Bridge", the old city reconstruction projects such as Chunxi Road, Hongxing Road and Qintai Road, the ongoing comprehensive improvement project of Shahe River, and the protection and construction of historical and cultural areas such as Daci Temple and Wenshuyuan.
The image of the city has been further enhanced, the protection of cultural relics, traditional buildings and historical culture has been strengthened, and the urban construction has taken on a new look, winning praise at home and abroad and becoming one of the most livable cities.
It reflects the great achievements of Chengdu people in creating history, shows the city's long and splendid history and culture, and also shows the heroic new look of Chengdu's urban development. This is an elaborate masterpiece integrating science, knowledge and interest. Readers can learn more about Chengdu's historical characteristics, know its realistic personality, and love every tree, relic and famous city in Chengdu, thus promoting the protection and construction of historical and cultural cities.
Historical and cultural details of Chengdu II. Brief introduction of Chengdu history
Chengdu has a long history and is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China. According to historical records, in the middle of the 5th century BC, the ancient Shu Kingdom moved its capital from Guangdufan Township (now Shuangliu County) to Chengdu and built a city. As for the origin of the famous Chengdu, according to The Jade Ring in Taiping, it was borrowed from the historical process of establishing the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty. "Zhou Wang Tai stopped Qishan from Liangshan and became a city in one year and Chengdu in three years, hence the name Chengdu."
In 3 16 BC, Qin Jun entered and died in Shu. In order to strengthen centralization of authority, the State of Qin set up Shu County in Shu, which was rebuilt as the capital of Shu County by General Sima Cuo. In the Han Dynasty, Chengdu's brocade industry developed and became an important source of imperial tribute. Therefore, the court set up brocade management and built the "Jinguan City" in the southwest of the city. Therefore, later generations took Jinguan City as another name of Chengdu, referred to as "Jincheng". In the Han Dynasty, Chengdu's economy was fairly prosperous.
Zuo Si, a native of A Jin, called it "beautiful and revered, whose real name is Chengdu" in his book Shu Du Fu, and was one of the five famous metropolises in the Western Han Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Chengdu's handicraft industry and commerce developed further, and it was listed as the four famous cities in China alongside Chang 'an, Yangzhou and Dunhuang. As far as the prosperity of its business is concerned, it is second only to Yangzhou, and sometimes it is said that "promoting one benefits two" (Chengdu was the capital of Yizhou in Tang Dynasty). In the Five Dynasties, Meng, the Emperor of the Later Shu Dynasty, tasted hibiscus flowers and ordered people to plant hibiscus trees all over the city wall.
Chengdu is also known as Furong City, or "Rongcheng" for short. In the Yuan Dynasty, Sichuan was established as a book province. Chengdu has always been the seat of the provincial capital and the political, economic and cultural center of the province. Chengdu has created two miracles in the history of China:
First, its name has never changed for more than two thousand years, which is rare in the history of place names in China; Second, for more than 2,000 years, Chengdu has been the capital of counties, prefectures, prefectures, provinces and other administrative divisions in Sichuan (including the capitals of several independent dynasties) and has never changed. It can be regarded as one of the oldest provincial capitals in China.
What is the historical and cultural background of Chengdu?
Sichuan has long been called "the land of abundance". This is due to its unique geographical location and superior natural environment, mainly:
1. The "land of abundance" in history mainly refers to the Sichuan Basin, excluding the present western Sichuan Plateau and southwest Sichuan. Sichuan basin has fertile land, mild climate and abundant rainfall. Especially after the construction of Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project in Qin Dynasty, Chengdu Plain became a land of abundance. Therefore, Chengdu Plain became a developed area of agriculture and handicraft industry in the history of China, and became the main grain supply base and tax source of the central dynasty, so it was called "Tianfu".
2. Sichuan Basin is surrounded by mountains and the traffic is blocked. In ancient times, it was called "the country with four blockades". In the era of cold weapons, it has a special strategic position that it is easy to defend but difficult to attack, thus avoiding the destruction of many wars in history and obtaining a relatively stable social environment, which is more conducive to its social and economic development.
Many far-sighted strategists in history, such as Sean and Zhuge Liang, regard Sichuan as the foundation of their country. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, there was a war in Guanzhong, and both Xuanzong and Tang Xizong chose Chengdu, Sichuan to avoid the war. At that time, Chengdu, in their eyes, was a place where they could sing and dance, and of course it would be called "Land of Abundance".
So, how did the name "Land of Abundance" come from? According to research, the word "Tianfu" first appeared in "Zhou Li", which was originally an official name, and its duty was to "guard the ancestral temple and keep it off-limits. Where there is a jade town and a land of great treasures in the country, if there is a big sacrifice and a big funeral, it will be obvious and hidden. " It can be seen that "Tianfu" is an official who specializes in keeping national treasures. Later generations used this as a metaphor for places with superior natural conditions, sinister situation and rich products.
The earliest written record is a passage that Su Qin, a military strategist, said to Qin in "The Warring States Policy: Qin Ce": "The land of the king is rich, the chariots are attacked by thousands and millions of people, the fertile land is thousands of miles away, and the terrain is deformed. This so-called rich land is also a country in the world. " At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Sean said when demonstrating the capital of Guanzhong: "There is faith in the left and longshu in the right, and fertile land is thousands of miles away. This so-called golden city is thousands of miles away, and the land of abundance is also "(historical records, staying in the Hou family).
The "land of abundance" mentioned above mainly means that the Guanzhong Plain is a rich land. The earliest name for Sichuan in history is "Tianfu", which comes from Zhuge Liang's "Longzhong Dui": "Yizhou is in danger, fertile land is thousands of miles away, and the land of abundance is due to it, so it will become an emperor's business." Yizhou in Han Dynasty includes Sichuan Basin and Hanzhong Basin.
The famous historian of the Jin Dynasty, Chang Qu, said in the Records of Huayang Country: "The fertile fields in the middle of Shu are thousands of miles away, which is called' land and sea'. Drought leads to water seepage and rain blocks the water gate, so it is recorded that flood and drought follow people, and hunger does not know. When there is no famine, the world is called abundance. " "Land of Abundance" has gradually become synonymous with Sichuan Basin in the writings of scholars of past dynasties, and later entered middle school textbooks and became well-known geographical knowledge.