When running, consciously coordinate the rhythm of your feet and the rhythm of breathing. Generally speaking, according to your physical condition and running speed, you can take two steps, two steps, or three steps. When breathing rhythm adapts to running rhythm and becomes a habit, shortness of breath and rhythm disorder can be avoided, which is very beneficial to deepening breathing depth. At the same time, it can also reduce the fatigue of respiratory muscles and reduce the adverse reactions caused by "pole" when running.
Breathe in through your nose while running. Breathing through the nose and running rhythm can meet the oxygen demand in the body. With the increase of running distance and intensity, the demand for oxygen increases, and the breathing mode of mouth and nose should be changed. Inhale and exhale slowly, thin and long, and open your mouth slightly when exhaling, so as to avoid quick breathing or big breathing.
Shortness of breath and poor sense of breathing during running are due to insufficient exhalation and insufficient discharge of carbon dioxide, which occupies alveoli and limits the inhalation of oxygen. If you want to increase the expiratory volume, you must exhale through your mouth and consciously increase the expiratory volume and time.
Action essentials
1, head and shoulders
The essentials of running-keep your head and shoulders stable. Keep your head forward. Don't lean forward unless the road is uneven. Keep your eyes on the front Relax your shoulders properly and avoid having a chest. Strength stretch-shrug. Relax your shoulders and droop, then shrug your shoulders as much as possible, stay for a while, and repeat after restoration.
2. Arms and hands
Essentials of running action-the swing arm should move back and forth with the shoulder as the axis, and the range of left and right movement should not exceed the midline of the body. Fingers, wrists and arms should be relaxed, and the elbow angle should be about 90 degrees. Swing forward slightly inward and backward slightly outward.
Strength stretching-elbow lifting and swing arm. The arms are in the ready-to-start posture, the elbow joint of the rear swing arm is raised as much as possible, and then the forward swing is relaxed. With the acceleration of the action, it is raised higher and higher.
3. Trunk and buttocks
Running essentials-keep upright from the neck to the abdomen, instead of leaning forward (unless accelerating or uphill) or leaning back, which is beneficial to breathing, balance and stride. Don't shake your torso from side to side or fluctuate too much. Actively send your hips when your legs swing forward, and pay attention to the rotation and relaxation of your hips when running. Strength stretching-lunge leg press. Separate your legs back and forth, shoulder width apart, and slowly press down on the center of your body until your muscles are tense, then relax and recover. The torso remains upright all the time.
4, waist
The essentials of running action-keep your waist naturally upright, not too straight. The muscles are slightly tense, so keep the trunk posture and pay attention to buffering the impact of the foot landing.
Dynamic stretching-flexion and extension. Stand naturally, feet apart, shoulder width apart. Bend your torso forward slowly until your hands hang down to your toes, and keep it for a while before recovering.
5, thighs and knees
The essentials of running action-thighs and knees push forward, not up. Any lateral movement of the leg is unnecessary, and it is easy to cause knee joint injury, so the front swing of the thigh should be positive. Dynamic stretching-front bow. Stand with your feet as wide as your hips. Put your hands behind your head. Bend forward from the hips. Keep your back straight until your biceps feel tense.
6, calf and achilles tendon
The essentials of running action-the foot should fall about a foot in front of the body, close to the center line. Don't cross the calf too far, so as not to strain the achilles tendon due to excessive stress. At the same time, we should pay attention to the cushioning of calf muscles and achilles tendon when landing, and the calf should actively scrape the ground backwards when landing, so that the body can actively move forward. In addition, the calf should swing forward, and the foot should move forward as far as possible, and it can't be everted or everted, otherwise it will easily damage the knee joint and ankle joint. You can check your footprints when running on the beach for reference.
Dynamic stretching-supporting heel lifting. Stand facing the wall for about 1 m, stretch your arms forward shoulder width, and hold the wall with both hands. Raise your heel and then put it down. Feel your calf and achilles tendon tense.
7. Heels and toes
Essentials of running action-If the stride is too large and the calf stretches too far forward, it will follow the ground with its feet, resulting in braking reaction, which is very harmful to bones and joints. When landing correctly, land with the middle of the sole of your foot, so that the impact force can quickly spread to the whole sole.
Strength stretching-sit down and stretch your ankles. Kneel on the ground, keep your hips close to your heels and keep your upper body upright. Slowly press down on the ankle until the extensor digitorum and forefoot feel enough tension. Then lift your hips. Repeat. The movements should be rhythmic and slow.
Diet before and after running
1, the first 60 minutes
Before exercise, you eat food to provide energy. It will fill your "fuel tank", boost your brain energy and focus on exercise.
At this time, you should eat high-calorie food and have an energy bar. This is a snack made of grain. It tastes like an omelet, which can bring you enough energy and make you feel neither too full nor too hungry.
2. The first 20 minutes
If you only have 20 minutes before exercise, then the liquid or food with high G 1 value is the most suitable. These fast-acting carbohydrates will help reduce abdominal discomfort or breathing during exercise, while providing instant burst of energy.
At this time, you should eat high-vitamin food, open a bottle of vitamin drink or eat a honey or jam sandwich made of white bread. This food digests quickly.
3. The first 5 minutes
Snacking before exercise is never necessary, but it can provide instant energy supplement if you are short of energy or have to rush to the gym after a long meeting. At this time, you need a small amount of carbohydrates with a high G 1, such as eating a handful of raisins, almonds or _
Four or five minutes later.
Extremely tired fitness classes will exhaust your stored glycogen-it is an easy source of energy, which is stored in your muscles and will damage your muscle tissue at the same time.
So your goal is to replenish these stored energy as soon as possible, so that your muscles can be repaired without preparing for the next class. At this time, you need a lot of high protein to repair and rebuild damaged muscle tissue.
5, 45~60 minutes later
Eat more at this time. Studies show that people should eat within two hours after exercise, which is the fastest supplement speed. At this time, eating a protein meal with high carbohydrate and low fat can not only increase the glucose consumed by muscles, but also promote protein to enter muscles and repair them.
At this time, you should eat foods that supplement electrolytes. For example, a pasta with lean meat sauce and mixed vegetables. It is also necessary to supplement the electrolyte lost by sweating to promote the body's absorption of liquid.
References:
Running-Baidu Encyclopedia