The draft is commonly known as "drawing", and this work is mostly undertaken by experienced and experienced masters. Because this is an art decoration project that needs overall consideration and overall harmony. The part to be carved must be carefully grasped from the aspects of function, size, shape and distance from the viewer, so as to determine the size and thickness of the carving. Zhu Jin lacquer wood carving also helps to distinguish big wood from Joinery Work. Big wood mainly refers to the components used in ancient buildings, such as beam, sparrow replacement, bucket cover, partition door, algae well and so on. Joinery Work sculpture refers to furniture, such as beds, chairs, tables, stools, cabinets, boxes, buckets, boxes and plates. But "size" cannot be divided by size.
Drawing patterns must be convenient for the production process of Zhu Jin lacquer wood carving, and be conducive to giving full play to the style and characteristics of this process.
Considering that the themes of Zhu Jinqi's woodcarving are mostly taken from the costumes and postures of characters in operas and Peking Opera, it is commonly known as "Beijing-style". The composition pattern of the ceiling adopts a three-dimensional body, and the close shot, the middle shot and the long shot are processed on the same plane of the picture, and the foreground does not block the background, which is full and orderly. Contrary to the proportional concept of "Zhang Shan, Ruler Tree, Inch Horse, Divide People" in Chinese painting, people can be bigger than buildings. In the proportion and modeling of characters, humorous and exaggerated styles are often adopted, such as "a warrior has no neck, a beautiful woman has no shoulders, a master holds out his chest, and a warrior holds out his chest". This stylized folk art technique is the principle followed by painting patterns. The key to blank is to grasp the overall situation, focus on the overall situation and start from small things. Experienced old artists can boldly cut by experience, without careful carving, and the effect is good. (1) Cut the boundary line first.
(2) The scope has been set, and the time is ripe to grasp the main features. Use a big chisel first, and then gradually use a small chisel. The key point is to chisel according to the contour line of the object, and then divide it into blocks, heights and heights; From shallow to deep, from large to fine.
(3) First, use a big chisel to remove the blank space and distinguish between high and low. The key is that people, flowers and birds, landscapes, pavilions and pavilions should be thick on the top and thin on the bottom, so that the "thick on the top" should be kept on the same plane of the carved board as far as possible, so that the carved board looks full and substantial. This is the practice of Ningbo woodcarving.
(4) If the main body is highlighted, the front and rear are separated, and the height is only separated at the junction to show the front and rear levels, and the content of the next picture cannot be weakened.
(5) Step by step, on the basis of the above four points, the head, body and limbs of the characters are divided into up and down, left and right, and positive orientation. Carve the position of the five senses according to the three stops and five mountains on the head; This process is called rough blank. Generally, the chisel is held left and right, the column is copied with the right hand, the handle is hammered, and the knife is thrown down.
(6) When the rough billet enters the thin billet, the big chisel is replaced by the small chisel. The key point of chisel is: when you chisel hard, you should have a pull-back control, that is, you should take back the chisel as soon as possible. When chiseling the blank, it will go smoothly. Don't use too much force, so as not to destroy the material to be carved at the lower level and cause the image to be broken.
(7) The fine blank is basically carved, but it is a little rough for the requirements of painting, so the next polishing process is related to the quality of painting. Blanking and polishing are closely linked. Polishing is to make up for the shortage of blank making, especially to strengthen the details. Therefore, knives and chisels should be replaced with small ones, such as polishing artworks and making carving art by going up one flight of stairs. A woodcarving work requires not only the vividness and integrity of the whole, but also the beauty of the details, so we should be more cautious in polishing.
(1) Check whether the tool is sharp before trimming;
(2) The knife transport should be simple and smooth, and it should not be blocked by countless hearts, resulting in hardening of the knife marks;
(3) Keep the original blank-making style, but make it more perfect, because blank-making is a kind of high-spirited and vivid feeling, and polishing is a kind of detail modification and "smooth" effect; The main kung fu is palm finger and fine chisel.
(4) The soil must be absolutely flat and level, and kept on a horizontal plane, so as to avoid the hardening of knife marks;
(5) Carefully depict patterns, armor, architectural ripples or bird feathers;
(6) Carefully depict the head of the character, leaving eyebrows, hair, beard, etc. To be painted;
(7) Good extinction level can truly reflect the wood grain material and lay a good foundation for rough painting. The poor polishing technique is to polish with sand skin, which is vulgar and brings trouble to the rough painting process.
The polishing process is completely polished by a knife, which not only shows the smoothness and delicacy of the carving surface, but also keeps the sharp edges and corners of the object, giving people a crisp and neat feeling. This is the perfect combination of polishing and blank making.
The above-mentioned blank-making is a vigorous effort, and the carving board has a vivid feeling, which shows that the personality and temperament of the woodcarving master can be reflected on the carving board. For example, by arranging more than a dozen engraving boards together, people can know whose work it is without writing names.