Recently, the discussion about COVID-19 vaccine booster is getting higher and higher. Is it safe to strengthen the needle? Can you prevent mutation? Who gives priority to vaccination?
Recently, some experts have responded to the above topics.
1. Enhance the safety and effectiveness of needles?
Zhang Yuntao, chief scientist of China Biology of China Sinopharm Group, said that during the first and second clinical studies last year, Sinopharm Group had designed a booster needle test, and relevant data had been published recently. 18-59 years old, over 60 years old, 3- 17 years old, and the vaccination procedure is 56 days between the third and second injections.
Medical staff are preparing to vaccinate in the mobile vaccination vehicle.
In terms of immunogenicity, the antibody increased by about 30% after the third injection.
From these data, it is no problem to strengthen the safety of needles. Zhang Yuntao said that in the future, everyone may have an immune barrier. After the second injection, you should choose to strengthen the injection.
Who should give priority to the booster?
Zhang Yuntao said that he should be some special people, such as people over 60 years old, who are most closely related to social and economic activities, including people in the food industry, people in the aviation industry, and courier brother.
Can I choose reinforcing needles with different technical routes?
Zhang Yuntao said that the new technical guidelines for coronavirus vaccination issued by China suggested using the same vaccine products to complete the vaccination. After the first inactivated vaccine, the second inactivated vaccine should also be inoculated. If the third injection, the same mechanism.
Which is better, the enhanced first shot, the third shot and the mutated second shot?
Recently, Mutation Tower is the chief culprit of recent rounds of epidemic in Chinese mainland, and vaccine research and development of Mutation COVID-19 is also in full swing. In the future, if the third booster injection and the second injection against mutants appear at the same time, which vaccine should ordinary people choose first?
From the point of view of ordinary people, intensive injection should be the first choice in the future. Zhang Yuntao pointed out that if the interval between the second needle and the third needle is a little longer, such as more than half a year, the antibody produced by human body will be greatly improved. This will play a good role in preventing infections and diseases caused by mutant strains.
According to him, several novel coronavirus vaccines, especially inactivated vaccines, which have been approved for marketing by the China State Food and Drug Administration, still have a good protective effect on Delta and Beta strains according to the cross neutralization test data in the laboratory.
What is a new coronary booster?
The so-called booster needle is to supplement the vaccine according to the antibody regression after vaccination to maintain the human immunity to the virus. This practice is very common in the vaccination of common infectious diseases such as hepatitis B and influenza.
Zhong Nanshan: After intensive injection, the antibody level increased significantly.
Recently, at the 5th China-Arab Expo Great Health Industry Forum and the 3rd Internet+Medical Health Application Conference, Zhong Nanshan, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, also answered questions about novel coronavirus vaccine booster. He said that according to the latest research data in China, the antibody level increased significantly after the second dose of vaccine was inoculated for half a year, increasing by more than 10 times, and remained at a high level after half a year of vaccination. It seems that this is a promising method to enhance immunity.
When is the booster injection? Zhong Nanshan responded that this is closely related to the progress of vaccination in China. Don't worry about the third dose of novel coronavirus vaccine for the time being. The public can finish the first and second doses first. Ordinary people who have completed immunization within one year do not need vaccination for the time being.
With the spread of Delta virus in India around the world, the discussion about whether the vaccine should be injected for the third time is becoming more and more intense. Some friends who have been vaccinated early have been vaccinated for more than a year, and they are considering whether to give an injection to extend the prescription. Some friends are worried about the threat of Delta virus and want to supplement a dose of vaccine against the new virus in India. To this end, the assistant introduced the latest information of the third dose of vaccine in this article, and provided a discussion for friends about whether the third dose is needed.
I wonder if my friends have been vaccinated with the second dose. Recently, there have been more and more discussions about whether to take the third dose of vaccine. Pfizer also revealed that it is developing the third dose of novel coronavirus vaccine, which is expected to be put into use at the end of the year.
At present, Israel and many Commonwealth countries have indicated that they plan to provide the third dose of vaccine to people in areas with low drug resistance. Turkey began injecting intensive vaccines for medical staff in early July. Indonesia, Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries, both of which are Singapore, also said that the third capital injection is already in the national plan.
In mid-July, Singapore Health Minister Wang Yikang also said on social media that he planned to vaccinate the public with the third dose of vaccine in February next year. However, the authorities are still studying the necessity and feasibility of the plan and will announce the latest progress in the future.
First of all, we have to understand: what is a booster needle?
What is a booster needle?
Like the common novel coronavirus vaccine, booster shots are based on the principle of using antibodies produced by our bodies to fight the virus. The definition of booster needle refers to adding a new coronavirus vaccine after the first vaccination according to the fading of antibodies over time to maintain the immunity of human body to the virus.
There are two types of booster injections, just like the hepatitis B virus vaccine or influenza virus vaccine that friends get every day.
The first one is incremental injection with the same dose and type as the initial vaccine, just like after two injections of Pfizer vaccine, one dose of the same Pfizer vaccine is added continuously to achieve the effect of antibody continuation in the body.
The second is to make appropriate and moderate adjustments on the basis of the original vaccine to cope with new varieties. For example, the flu vaccine varies slightly from season to season. Under the current epidemic situation in COVID-19, the booster vaccine we are talking about is the third vaccine designed to deal with the new Delta virus.
Like Britain and America, Singapore is still infected with two doses of Pfizer vaccine. Therefore, due to the emergency authorization of novel coronavirus vaccine booster planned by Pfizer, it is expected to be approved in a short time, and the developed fine-tuned version can also deal with the variant coronavirus in a targeted manner.
But at present, the vaccine made by friends on the market has been proved to be effective against Delta strain, so compared with the previous two injections, the booster injection introduced in the future may be only slightly adjusted.
Is it necessary to inoculate a new coronary booster?
Do you need a vaccine to strengthen the needle?
A few days ago, an Israeli study found that the effective rate of vaccines in Pfizer would drop to about 64% within six months. At the same time, Pfizer also said that the results of the Israeli study are consistent with the third clinical trial they are conducting. Under the current vaccine benefit, the proportion of severe cases is very low and has been well controlled. However, the risk of transmission still exists, so Israel plans to give priority to providing the third dose of Pfizer novel coronavirus vaccine to people with weak immunity.
Different from Israel, according to the survey results in the United States, Pfizer and Moderna vaccines provide more than 90% protection against the infection of the new strain of original coronary artery, while Johnson & Johnson single vaccine provides 66% protection. Recently, the proportion of patients hospitalized and dying due to new coronary artery in the United States is very high.
Therefore, American infectious disease expert Fauci said in July 1 1 that there is not enough research to show the necessity of strengthening the needle, because the vaccine can well protect people from the infection of the original strain and mutant virus. Therefore, there is currently no plan to vaccinate the third vaccine on a large scale in the United States.
Moreover, Professor KennethMak, a medical authority in Singapore, issued a statement in April, saying that while novel coronavirus vaccine brought obvious protection bonus to the vaccinators, the protection intensity was not 65,438+0,000%, and the effect of Pfizer or Moderna vaccine after 65,438+0,000 inoculation was still uncertain, so the Singapore government had planned to launch the third booster next year.
Who needs more injections?
Britain plans to start intensive injections for the elderly over 70 years old from September, while Israel has started to provide the third dose of vaccine for high-risk groups.
Among the high-risk groups, first of all, people who are most vulnerable to serious diseases, hospitalized elderly people, and people with a history of serious diseases and chronic diseases. At the same time, medical staff and related practitioners will give priority to vaccination with booster needles.
According to Professor KennethMak, Singapore will give priority to highly mobile workers and people with low immunity.
Some friends may have questions: Can I get the third shot in Singapore after the domestic vaccine?
According to the recommendation of the World Health Organization, WHO disagrees with the practice of vaccinating different vaccines for many times, and believes that vaccinating different vaccines under uncertain safety will lead to confusion of national medical resources and statistical difficulties. At present, due to the shortage of medical resources in Malaysia, Indonesia and other regions, a large number of people can't take the same kind of second injection after the first injection. So some people choose to take different kinds of vaccines as the second shot; As a result, the national large-scale epidemic prevention statistics are chaotic and the medical resources are unevenly distributed. At present, it is impossible to prove the safety and side effects of different kinds of vaccines.
At the same time, domestic Kexing vaccine is inactivated vaccine, and Pfizer and other vaccines are mRNA vaccines. Therefore, as the second and third injections, different vaccines will cause serious hidden dangers and are highly recommended.
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With the invasion of India, the epidemic in Europe and the United States continued for a long time, and the epidemic in China and Singapore continued to repeat. At present, coronavirus pneumonia-19 seems to be difficult to leave the sight of human beings in a short time, and living with the virus for a long time has become a realistic problem that friends have to accept. Moreover, the development of global epidemic control is slow, and it is imperative to introduce intensified vaccines. Just like influenza viruses and epidemics, regular vaccination can maintain antibody levels in the body, and novel coronavirus is no exception. In the future, it may become normal to vaccinate novel coronavirus vaccine regularly every year, and the launch of the third booster needle also marks a lasting stage of global epidemic prevention.