Rosa parks, formerly known as Rosa Louise Macaulay, dropped out of high school to take care of her elderly grandmother. After marriage, encouraged by her husband Raymond Parks, she went back to school to get a diploma and actively participated in the civil rights activities of the local black organization "National Association for the Advancement of Colored People".
Basic introduction Chinese name: Rosa parks mbth: Rosa parks alias: Rosa Luis Macaulay Nationality: American birthplace: Taskey Ji, Alabama, USA Date of birth:1965438+February 4, 2003 Date of death: 2005 65438+1October 24 Occupation: black civil rights activist. The main achievements of the righteous: the life of the mother of modern civil rights movement, important events, commemoration, and the life of the characters Rosa parks1965438+On February 4th, 2003, Rosa parks was born in Taskey Gee, Alabama, USA, and was named Rosa Louise Macaulay. Her parents are James Macaulay and Leona Edwards, carpenters and teachers respectively. She is of Cherokee-Crick and Scottish-Irish descent. Rosa parks's grandmother is of mixed Scottish and Irish ancestry. Rosa parks suffered from chronic tonsillitis when he was young, which was deeply influenced by his physical condition. After her parents divorced, she and her mother moved to a pine field outside Montgomery, Alabama. She lived and grew up on a farm with her grandparents, mother and younger brother Sylvester, and later became a lifelong member of the African American Methodist Protestant Episcopal Church. Before she was eleven, her mother asked her to teach herself at home. After that, she entered Montgomery Women's Industrial School to study academic and vocational courses. Parks went to an experimental school providing secondary education, which was founded by Alabama Black Normal University, but in order to take care of her grandmother, followed by her mother, she had to drop out of school after they were both sick. Important event 1 955 65438+February1tailor parks was sitting on the bus, and the driver asked the black man to give up his seat to the white man. This has nothing to do with Rosa parks's virtue of "respecting the old and loving the young" in his later years. In the southern United States, where apartheid still prevails after the American Civil War, the law clearly stipulates that blacks must give up their seats to whites in public places such as buses and restaurants. In the north, legally recognized racial discrimination also keeps blacks out of many industries and communities. Parks refused the driver's request. Although two black women were arrested in Montgomery earlier that year for the same experience. This time, without exception, Parks was imprisoned and fined 10 USD. Her arrest triggered a 3,865,438+0-day black bus boycott in Montgomery. The organizer was Martin Luther King, an unknown Baptist minister at that time. This name was later honored as an anti-apartheid fighter and a Nobel Peace Prize winner. As a result of this campaign, the Supreme Court ruled in 1956 that "black-and-white segregation" is prohibited on buses; 1964 the civil rights act prohibits racial segregation and discrimination in public places. Parks has since been known as the "mother of the civil rights movement" in the United States. Thirty years later, she recalled that year: "I didn't expect it to be like this when I was arrested. This is just an ordinary day. It is only because of the participation of the general public that it is of great significance. " She died on June 24th, 2005. 10. On the 30th, her body was transported to the US Capitol in Washington, and placed in the hall for the American people to pay their respects. American political leaders, including President George W. Bush, and thousands of people attended the groundbreaking ceremony. The pastor of the Senate led everyone to pray for her, and a university choir specially came to the scene to sing the patriotic song "The Warsong of the Republic". She is the first woman in American history to put her body in Congress for public viewing. The President also ordered that Parks' funeral 1 1.2 will be held in Detroit, when all public buildings in the United States will be flown at half mast. Today, the United States was largely formed in the 1960s. Parks was named "the mother of civil rights" by the US Congress. Of course, Rosa parks was most grateful to Parks in prison, and first of all, he was black. One of the most representative words that US Secretary of State condoleezza rice said at the memorial service was: "Without Parks, I wouldn't be standing here today as Secretary of State." At the same time, Parks is also deeply loved by white people, because her campaign for black people's rights has shaped the spirit of social justice and justice in the United States and won a better living environment for most Americans. Parks' honor comes from a simple fact: one person can change the world. Commemorating 20 13 February 28, according to foreign reports, Rosa, the pioneer of American black civil rights movement? The unveiling ceremony of the bronze statue of Parks was held at the Capitol in Washington on the 27th. President Obama and congressional leaders attended the ceremony, which was the first time that the US Congress placed a complete statue of African-American women in the Statue Hall of the Capitol. Obama attended the unveiling ceremony of the park statue. Obama said: "Parks' life is full of dignity and elegance. "She changed America and the whole world at a special moment. Obama said that placing the statue of Parks in the Capitol shows her position as the founder of American history. 1955, the American civil rights movement reached a critical turning point. In Montgomery, Alabama, which was segregated, Parks refused to give up his seat to a white man on a bus. Parks' arrest eventually led to a year-long bus boycott. 1956, the United States supreme court banned the policy of racial segregation in public transportation. Parks died in 2005 at the age of 92. On February 4th, 20 13, the US Postal Service issued a stamp to commemorate the 0/00th anniversary of Parks' birth.