How to write a good business plan
As a standard document, a business plan has a similar structure. However, some business plans can quickly catch the attention of investors, while others can only end their mission by entering the recycling bin. Objectively speaking, the quality of the project itself is the most critical and core reason, but a perfect and professional expression is equally important. The logic that the fragrance of wine is not afraid of the depth of the alley is not applicable in the fierce competition of modern commercial operation. A successful business plan covers a huge amount of information about financing projects that potential investors need to know, and focuses on the main points that investors usually pay attention to. Such a business plan can greatly reduce the workload of investors before entering due diligence, and facilitate both parties to quickly enter the later substantive operation. For different financing projects, investors' concerns will be focused due to various factors such as different nature of the projects and different stages of the projects. Generally speaking, the market, products, management team, risk and project value of the project are the key points for investors to evaluate the project. In the following, the author mainly focuses on the essential points of perfecting a business plan and the problems that entrepreneurs often encounter in business plan writing: the executive summary is the first part of investors' reading, but it is the last part of business plan writing, which is the essence of the whole business plan, aiming at arousing investors' interest and having the desire to further explore the details of the project. The length of the executive summary is usually 2-3 pages, and the content should be concise and powerful, focusing on the investment highlights of the company, especially the eye-catching places compared with competitors. Generally speaking, net cash inflow, broad customer base, opportunities for rapid market growth and teams with rich backgrounds are all highlights that may arouse investors' interest. Product and service introduction This part mainly introduces the performance, technical characteristics, typical customers and profitability of the company's existing products and services, as well as the introduction of future product research and development plans. Among the many business plans we have contacted, the most common fault is that the introduction of product technology is too professional and uncommon, occupying too much space. In most cases, the author of a business plan is an entrepreneur himself. Most of them are from technical backgrounds, and they have a natural sense of pride and closeness to their products and technologies, so they often enter uncontrollable spewing emotions. On the other hand, investors are essentially businessmen who attach great importance to income and return, mostly from economic or financial backgrounds, and are not particularly good at introducing technical majors. They are more in agreement with the market reaction to the company's products. Therefore, it is suggested that only the product system of the company should be clearly explained in the product and service part, so as to show the integrity and sustainable development of the company's product line to investors, and more attention should be paid to the introduction of product profitability and the comparison between typical customers and similar products. The analysis of market and competition is different from other financing methods, and the excess income of venture capitalists comes more from future growth. Therefore, investors attach great importance to the future development of the market where the project is located. In the part of market competition, it mainly analyzes the overall development trend of the market, the capacity of market segments, the estimation of future growth and the main influencing factors. Competition analysis mainly includes the advantages and disadvantages of major competitors and their own KSF analysis. It is best to estimate the market capacity from the survey or research report of a neutral third party, predict the future growth data, and avoid self-estimation. For the special market, we try to keep an objective and pertinent attitude in the forecast and avoid boasting and being unconvincing. Strategic planning and implementation plan have high-quality products and good market opportunities, and a feasible implementation plan is needed to ensure the ultimate success. In this part, we should focus on the allocation of personnel, funds, resources, channels and cooperation in order to achieve strategic goals. The implementation plan should be consistent with other chapters in the plan. For example, the product plan is consistent with the future research and development of products and services, the fund allocation is consistent with the fund use plan, and the staffing is consistent with the human resource planning. According to the introduction of the management team, Mr. Liu Yuhuan, President of American Business China Economic Cooperation, once said: Just like the location of real estate is the most important, the three elements of VC are: people, people and people. Venture capitalists play a very important role in the human factor of the whole project. No matter how good the plan is, it may become a beautiful bubble without a strong team. For start-ups, the human factor is particularly important. [Page] For the description of the management team, in addition to the professional background, education level and age distribution of the whole team, the most important thing is the experience of the core team. A stable and United core team can help enterprises tide over various difficulties and is the most valuable resource of enterprises. Moreover, the past experience of the core team directly affects the development path of the enterprise. Therefore, the successful entrepreneurial experience of team members is often a very important bargaining chip to win investors' funds. Financial forecast and financing scheme In any investment, the financial situation that affects the evaluation of enterprise value is always the place that investors are most concerned about. Financial forecasting is a systematic process to quantify all qualitative descriptions in business plans. Many entrepreneurs are experts in technology, but amateurs in finance and financing. Therefore, what is often submitted is a forecast data with rough data, random selection and unreasonable forecast basis, which is difficult to be recognized by investors. In addition to the help of internal financial personnel and financial forecasting software, you can also try to seek the help of professional consultants. The experience of professionals can ensure the standardization, rationality and professionalism of the whole financial forecasting system. The rationality of financial forecast directly affects the design and selection of financing scheme, which is very important for direct negotiation with investors. Another aspect that investors are extremely concerned about is the fund use plan after financing. After understanding the gap and source of enterprise funds through the previous information, investors want to know whether the enterprise has the ability to manage this fund well. And a detailed and reasonable plan for the use of funds can well reduce investors' concerns. Although every business plan will make a beautiful future plan for all aspects of the project, as a venture capitalist, he is faced with a project with too many uncertainties. The purpose of the risk analysis part is to explain all kinds of potential risks and show investors the measures to avoid risks. For investors, risks are not terrible, but those entrepreneurs who blindly value risks or simply ignore them.