Confucius in life is gentle and obedient, as if he could not speak. In the ancestral hall, the imperial court is good at words, but cautious. When I was in court, I was very gentle and happy to talk to people lower than myself. It is just and respectful to talk to people who are higher than their official positions. When the monarch is around, he seems very uneasy, but his behavior is very gentle.
In the process of interpreting interpersonal communication, voice, intonation and tone all reflect a person's wisdom and self-restraint. Politeness in dealing with different people should also be different.
The original 10.2 jun called the ambassador class (bρn), and the color is as it is, just as it is (jué). "Stand by", right hand and left hand, front and back of clothes, and "chān". Forward, wing elephant also. When the guest leaves, he will reply and say, "I don't care."
The monarch summoned Confucius to receive the guests. Confucius always looked solemn and walked briskly. Bowed to the person who stood with him to greet the guests, stretched out his hand to the left and right, and his clothes swung back and forth, but clean and tidy. When striding forward, it is like a bird spreading its wings. After the guest leaves, he must report to the monarch: "The guest has left and will never come back."
The explanation of this chapter reflects the appearance, movements and demeanor of Confucius when he received guests.
Original 10.3 enter the public gate and bow as well, otherwise. If you can't stand in the door, you can't walk on the threshold. Over the position, the color is as it is, the foot is as it is, and its words seem insufficient. Take a photo (zρ) and go to the hall, bow like a bow, and hold your breath like a restless person. Out, down, colorful, happy. There is no order, it is moving forward, and its wings are like it. It's good to be reinstated.
As soon as Confucius entered the palace gate, he looked cautious and respectful, as if he had no place to live. Do not stand in the door or step on the threshold. When he passed the position of the monarch, his face was solemn and his steps were brisk, and he seemed to be out of breath when he spoke. When you lift the hem of your clothes to class, you should be respectful and cautious, and hold your breath as if you were not breathing. When I quit and walked down a step, my face was tight and I looked relaxed and happy. When you walk down the steps and step forward quickly, you are like a bird spreading its wings. Going back to your position is respectful and uneasy.
The interpretation of this chapter records the behavior of Confucius when he worshipped the king in Korea, China and Jin Dynasty.
Original 10.4 holds GUI, and the bow is invincible. When you go up, someone will teach you, just like fighting a war, so you can do things by the book. Enjoy this gift and have a look. Private life (dí) is also the same enjoyment.
Holding laurel respectfully and carefully, it seems that you can't lift it. When you hold it above, it looks like a bow. When you put it below, it looks like handing something to someone. Your face is shaking and your steps are very small, like walking in a line. When giving gifts, you are full of kindness. When we met privately, we were all relaxed and happy.
The explanation in this chapter records Confucius' behavior in diplomatic etiquette.
The original 10.5 gentlemen don't decorate themselves with charm (gàn zūu not u), and red and purple don't consider themselves obscene (xiè). In summer, we should show it. Clothes, lamb; Plainclothes, Qiu; Yellow clothes, fox hair. Swearing words are long and short. There must be a nightgown, and there must be a half body. This fox is thick enough to live in. Go to the funeral and don't wear anything. If it is not a veil, it will be killed. Will the autumn porch of the lamb be closed? Yue Ji, you must obey.
Confucius did not use blue-red or black-red as the edge of the collar, nor did he use red and purple cloth as casual clothes to wear at home. Wear thick or thin linen in summer, and be sure to wear it outside your underwear. Black blouse gamete lambskin coat; White blouse with leather coat; Yellow blouse with fox fur coat. The cotton-padded coat worn at home is made longer and the right sleeve is shorter. Must have pajamas, bust. Use the thick hair of the fox as a cushion. There is nothing you can't wear on your belt except during mourning. In addition to the robes worn at the court and during sacrifices, other clothes must be cut with extra cloth. Don't wear purple lamb clothes or black hats when mourning. On the first day of the new year, you must put on royal clothes to see the monarch.
The explanation of this chapter records the clothes worn by Confucius. Don't pay attention to clothes, which is also a great knowledge and needs us to learn. Clothing is the basic etiquette in interpersonal communication.
Original 10.6, there must be bright clothes and fabrics. Qi will change dishes and the house will move.
On an empty stomach, you must prepare a bathrobe made of cloth before taking a bath. When fasting, you must change your daily diet and move your bedroom.
Interpretation of the ancient people's attention to fasting, this chapter is about matters needing attention when fasting.
The original 10.7 never tires of fine food. Eat glutinous rice (Y √) and glutinous rice (ài), the fish is hungry, and the meat is ruined, so don't eat it. Evil color, no food. Smelly, do not eat. No food, no food. From time to time, there is no food. Don't eat it if it's not cut properly. No sauce, no food. Although there is a lot of meat, there is nothing better than eating. There is no limit to wine, and it is not chaotic. It sells aged wine, not food. Don't eat ginger, don't eat more.
The finer the grain you eat, the better. Don't be afraid to cut fish and meat. The rice has gone bad, and so have the fish and meat, so we don't eat it. Don't eat if the color is not good. It stinks, so don't eat it. Improper cooking, do not eat. Don't eat anything out of season. Don't eat meat that is not cut in the normal way. Don't eat without proper seasoning. Although there is a lot of meat, don't eat more than rice. There is no limit to alcohol consumption, but you can't get drunk and have sex. Don't eat wine and dried meat bought at the stall. Don't withdraw ginger vegetables, don't eat more.
The explanation of this chapter records Confucius' view on diet. Diet involves health and health preservation, so Confucius has always attached great importance to diet.
Original 10.8 sacrifice to the public, no meat accommodation. Sacrifice meat for three days, but don't eat for three days.
The meat from the monarch's sacrifice can't be kept until the next day. Sacrificial meat at home should not be stored for more than three days. After three days, you can't eat it.
The explanation in this chapter is about how to deal with sacrificial meat.
Original 10.9 Eat without words, sleep without words.
Don't talk while eating, and don't talk while sleeping.
Some people say that this sentence of Confucius refers to the practice during the sacrificial period, which has some truth. This is to show solemnity.
The original 10. 10 food is sparse, but it will be as neat as it is.
Even if you eat coarse rice or vegetable soup, you should offer sacrifices when you want to eat it, and you should look serious when you offer sacrifices.
Interpretation of what is said here is to be able to eat simple meals and to thank nature for its gift.
The original 10. 1 1 seat is incorrect, so don't sit down.
Translation is not where you should sit. Don't sit.
It's interesting to read this sentence carefully. Many people think the seat is wrong and don't sit. I thought I said to go to the party, we should distinguish the position of the guests and sit down in turn, instead of sitting in the wrong position. At the banquet, the ancients paid great attention to the difference between the old and the young. Today, we are the same, we all have to give our distinguished position to our elders or leaders. That's the reason.
The original 10. 12 villagers drink, and those who insist on it will leave.
When you spend the holidays with people in your hometown, you should wait until the elders have left, and then go by yourself.
The explanation of this chapter is still about the etiquette when feasting. Respect for the elderly is the basic etiquette of young people. We should also pay attention to it in real life.
The original 10. 13 villager Nuo, standing on the floor.
The villagers put on royal robes and stood on the eastern steps to meet the gods.
Interpretation of the sacrificial activities of villagers to drive away epidemic ghosts recorded in this chapter. Qian Mu's book "Political Gains and Losses in China in Past Dynasties" records that in ancient times, the ancestral temple was in the east, and the home was in the west, which was the bedroom. The most important thing for ancient families is not to be born or die, and ancestor worship is a major event.
The original 10. 14 asked people from other countries, then obeyed and sent them away.
The trustee greets his friends in other places, and when seeing the trustee off, he must pay another visit.
We must express our gratitude for entrusting friends to do things, which is what we should pay attention to in our communication and concentrate on.
Original 10. 15 Kang Zi gave medicine, and said, "I dare not taste it until I reach the mountain."
Ji Kangzi presented the medicine, thanked it and accepted it, saying, "I don't know the nature of this medicine, so I dare not taste it."
To interpret this is a trivial matter and detail in life, we should pay attention to how Confucius handled it.
Original 10. 16 stable combustion. Zi retired from the DPRK and said, "Do you hurt the people?" Don't ask the horse.
The stable is on fire. When Confucius came back from the imperial court and heard about it, he asked, "Did you hurt anyone?" Don't ask the horse.
Reading this chapter reflects Confucius' respect for human life.
Original 10. 17 If you give food, you must try it first. If something is fishy for me, I must be familiar with it and recommend it. If you are born, you must raise it. Serve the king, sacrifice to him, eat first.
When the monarch gives you food, you should first straighten the mat and taste it. When the monarch gives raw meat, he will cook it to worship his ancestors. The creatures given by the monarch must be raised. Eat with the monarch. When the monarch sacrifices, taste it for him first.
The explanation in this chapter is about the basic etiquette when accepting food.
The original 10. 18 disease, look at it, the east head, add court clothes, drag the gentry.
When Confucius was ill and the monarch came to visit him, he was lying with his head facing east, covered with royal clothes, and then tied a big belt on his clothes and dragged it down.
Interpreting the etiquette of receiving visitors when the leader is ill.
The original 10. 19 is called by your command, and you don't need to drive.
The monarch summoned him and left on foot without waiting for a good car.
What is said here is that the priest received the gift of your life.
The original 10.20 entered the ancestral hall and asked everything.
Confucius entered the ancestral temple and asked everything.
Interpretation needs to understand the different meanings of the same sentence that appeared before.
The original 10.2 1 friend died and didn't return, saying, "I'll go to the funeral."
When a friend died and no one received him, Confucius said, "Let me handle the funeral."
Interpreting the communication with friends is not only a good start, but also a good end. In addition, it also embodies the great love spirit of Confucius.
The original 10.22 friend's feed, although chariots and horses, does not sacrifice meat, does not worship.
Gifts from friends, even chariots and horses, are not worshipped when accepted as long as they are not meat sacrifices.
Interpret gifts and value friendship rather than wealth.
Original 10.23 Sleep without a corpse, live without a guest.
I don't sleep upright like a corpse, and I don't have to be as serious as attending sacrifices and receiving guests at home on weekdays.
This is Confucius' thought of sitting and lying. I think sleeping also has aesthetic problems, and staying at home on weekdays is a time to relax and not be nervous and serious.
Original 10.24 Looking at Cui Zi, although it is not good, it will be changed. Those who see the crown and the blind are blasphemous, but they must look at their appearance. A fierce suit is the style. If the film is full, it will change color. Loud thunder, little rain, will change.
When you see someone in mourning, even a close relative, you should change your expression and express your condolences. When you see officials and blind people wearing hats, you must be polite, even if you are familiar with them. When you meet a mourner in the car, you must lean forward slightly and hold the crossbar in front of the car. When you meet a person with a national map, you will do the same. If there is a rich dish, you must change your appearance and stand up and thank you. In the face of lightning and strong winds, you must also change your appearance.
What I'm talking about here is the etiquette when others walk in Lu Yu on weekdays.
The original car 10.25 liter must stand upright and proceed. In the car, don't look in, don't speak ill, and don't point with your own hands.
When getting on the bus, you must stand up straight and pull the handrail to get on the bus. Don't look back in the car, don't talk loudly, and don't point with your fingers.
Interpretation of Confucius' strict requirements for horseback riding. For safety and courtesy.
Original 10.26 color, which is easy and redefined. Yue: "The mother pheasant on the mountain ridge is just the right time!" Lutz * * *, three sniffles.
When the female pheasant saw that people's face changed, she flew into the sky, circled for a while, and stopped at a place. Confucius said, "These pheasants on the mountain know how to change!" "Luz gave them a hand and they flapped their wings and flew away."
After reading this chapter, I think it summarizes the whole article, saying that the etiquette of treating people and daily life should change with time, place and person.