Now we will visit Xi Hui Park, the most important scenic spot in Wuxi. Located 2.5 kilometers west of Wuxi, including Xishan and Huishan, the park covers a total area of 6.85 square kilometers.

Xi Hui Park is named after a mountain, with Huishan in the west and Xishan in the east. Huishan is 329 meters high and about 20 kilometers around. Known as "the first mountain in the south of the Yangtze River". It is a branch of Tianmu Mountain, which keeps coming from the southeast. There is Jiu Feng in the mountains, and the territory is like a dragon, also known as "Jiulong Mountain". Huishan was built here by Zhao Hui, a Zen master who started the mountain in Jin Dynasty. Later generations named it "Huishan" after Zhao Hui. In ancient times, the words Hui and Hui were interlinked, hence the name Huishan. Huishan is famous for its spring water, including the second spring in the world and the longan spring. There are dozens of places of interest such as Chunshenjian, Huishan Temple, Tingsongshi Bed and Bamboo Furnace House.

Xishan, with its back to Huishan, is 75 meters high and its circumference is about 1.5 kilometers. It is said that it was named because it was rich in tin mines during the Zhou and Qin Dynasties. Xishan is a small peak protruding from the Dongfeng fault in Huishan. Longguang Tower and Longguang Temple were built at the top of the mountain, and Longguang Cave was built at the foot of the mountain. After the Yingshan Lake was excavated in 1958, it was connected with Huishan and became a "real mountain and fake water", creating the interest of "hidden mountains and rivers".

Xi Hui Park is divided into three tourist areas in China: one is the scenic spot, including Huishan Temple, Jichang Garden and the second spring in the world; Second, natural scenic spots, including Yingshan Lake, Gong Yugu and Spring Excalibur; The third is the recreation area, at the southern foot of Xishan Mountain. Please follow me around.

Xishan: Longguang Tower-Longguang Cave-Wu Culture Fushou Tiandi

Please follow me into the Xishan Gate. The gate of Xishan, facing the Grand Canal, has an upturned cornice. In the middle of the gate hangs a horizontal plaque of "Mountain Streamer", which was written by Kangxi during his southern tour. Entering the gate, a huge stone stands on the bank of the pool, engraved with the word "Xishan". Please see: The following are a few words from Wuxi and Xishan in the "Records of Phnom Penh County, Wuxi", pointing out the origin of the place names here.

On the way up the mountain, Longguang Tower is at the top of Xishan Mountain. There is also a historical legend about Longguang Tower: in the early Ming Dynasty, Shangshu and Kunshan people said after visiting the scenic spot; "Huishan is the dragon body and Xishan is the leader, and the reason why Wuxi has not won the first prize for a long time since the Southern Song Dynasty is that there is no horn on the leader." After listening to the minister's words, people believed it, so later generations built a strong stone tower on the top of the western hill. In the following decades, there was still no champion among the people, so some people suggested that "the dragon should listen from the angle and the tower should be empty." So in the second year of Wanli (1574), a seven-story octagonal pavilion-style brick tower was built, which was named "Longguang Tower" by Shi Guanmin, the then Changzhou magistrate, implying that the dragon lantern was bright. Longguang Tower has been destroyed many times since it was built. When 1924 was rebuilt, Pei was changed to reinforced concrete structure. A copper gate with a weight of 1.5 tons and a height of 2.85 meters was cast at the top of the tower, and the height of the tower was also increased to 32.3 meters. 1992 reinforce again, correct the inclination, change the wall from apricot yellow to crimson, and make the ancient pagoda more dignified and radiant.

At the foot of the Western Mountain is Longguang Cave, an underground sightseeing place, which was built in the spring of 1979. The cloister in front of the cave is connected with the pavilion, and the word "hidden Chen" is engraved on the archway in the population area. "Chen" belongs to the Year of the Loong, and "hiding Chen" means putting it on the mountain. There is a passage more than 300 meters long in the cave, and the walls on both sides are brightly lit. The underground theater in the east can accommodate 500 to 600 people. There is also a 13 hall, which displays handicrafts, ceramics, clay figurines and so on. The annual temperature here is18 "c, which is warm in winter and cool in summer. The tourists here seem to have entered another world.

Walking south along the mountain road, you can see the Kowloon Wall in front of you. It consists of three parts: wall seat, wall and glazed tile roof. It is made of painted pottery, with granite as the base and Venus green glazed tile roof. It is 26.7 1 m long and 4.09 m high. It flies in Kowloon with extraordinary momentum. Further west is the "Wu Culture Longevity World". It was built along the hillside of Xishan Mountain, and the stone tablet in front of it was engraved with the names of scenic spots inscribed by the famous painter Zhu Qizhan 102. On the stone steps is a bearing platform made of stone, and there is a huge stone peach on the stone pillar in front of it. The front is engraved with: "Fuxing invited Yi Qionglin to dinner; Shouxian silently raised money for my sea house. " On the back is: "Doing good can make you more blessed, and you will live a long life naturally." Bypassing the balcony, the two square pavilions above merged into a double pavilion called "Fujiang Pavilion". The couplet on the pavilion column reads: "The country is happy and the people live longer." The pavilion name and couplets were inscribed by Shen Peng, acting chairman of China Calligraphers Association.

That's all for Xishan. Let's visit Huishan again. Go to Huishan Temple site first.

Huishan: Huishan Temple Site in Tang and Song Dynasties-Shanmen-Shijinglou

Huishan Temple is located at the eastern foot of Huishan Mountain. As early as the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Shi Zhanting, director of Liu and Song Dynasties, built the "Lishan Caotang" here, and later changed it to "Huashan Jingshe". In the third year of Datong in the Liang Dynasty (537), Huishan Temple was established on this basis. Because the temple is located in the blessed land, and because it is in the same place as the second spring in the world, it is famous far and near.

When we came to the gate of Huishan Temple, we saw the yellow archway door engraved with the words "Gu Hua Mountain Gate" in gold. Huishan was called Huashan in ancient times, and Huishan Temple was originally called Huashan Jingshe, so the gate of Huishan was named Gu Hua Mountain Gate, and the words "Famous Places and Springs" were engraved on the threshold behind the gate. This gate was redesigned by Wang when Huishan Street was widened at 1954, and the top of the arch was decorated with double dragons playing beads.

Now we come to the mountain gate. You can see two ancient stone classic buildings. Nanyi, built in the third year of Tang Ganfu (876), is the oldest stone classic building in Wuxi. The Octagonal Building is engraved with the Sutra of Buddha's Top Winning Dalagni written by Li Ruifu, a native of Bailushan. The building is 6.26 meters high and consists of three parts: the building base, the building main body and the building top. It is exquisitely carved and fully demonstrates the artistic style of the Tang Dynasty. On the north side, it is the building of Xining three years in Song Dynasty (107), with a height of 6.22 meters. Architectural modeling and sculpture imitate the shop building, and the building body is engraved with the "big white umbrella cover curse". This practice of carving spells instead of Buddhist scriptures became popular in Buddhism after the Song Dynasty. These two stone buildings are made of several round lake stones, which are of great historical value.

Shanmen Temple-Riyuechi and Xianghua Bridge-Tingsongshi Bed-Ancient Ginkgo Tree

Enter Gu Hua Mountain Gate, King Kong Hall, also known as "Mountain Gate Hall", facing you. It was built in the 10th year of Ming Dynasty (1445) and rebuilt in 1976. Hanging in the middle is the plaque "Huishan Temple", written by Chen Mian in the Ming Dynasty and inscribed by Jiang Heng in Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty. Now it is copied from the movie "Wuxi Live" of 1979.

On the colonnade of the main hall, there is a couplet by Liao Lun, the magistrate of Wuxi in Qing Dynasty: "It is great to say that mountains are the first and springs are the second;" The temple changed its appearance and taught filial piety, and the temple taught loyalty. The book was reprinted by the famous calligrapher Wu Zhongqi. On the back of the hall, a horizontal plaque inscribed by Li Keran, a famous painter in China, is hung, which adds some luster to this ancient hall.

After passing through the King Kong Temple, there is a pool of clear water, and water lilies lie quietly in the water, which is called "the God of the Sun and Moon". There is a stone bridge on the pool, named "Xianghua Bridge". This pool was dug in Hui Yuan, Liu Song in the Southern and Northern Dynasties (474), with a history of 1500 years. Xianghua Bridge was built in Ming Dynasty. The bridge and its name are taken from Buddhist scriptures: when the Buddha ascended to heaven and entered the infinite life, the sun and the moon whirled, and the Buddha magnified the light and greeted it with a fragrant flower geisha. The stone slab in the middle of Xianghua Bridge is engraved with the circular relief of "Carp yue longmen", and there are two stone gates in the middle, one is open and the other is closed, indicating that devout men and women can enter from the open Buddhist temple, but if the wicked Buddhist temple is closed forever. The so-called half-dharma, destined to come in, or; Good doors open, evil doors close. When tourists cross the bridge, they will step on the open stone gate to show their goodwill.

Next, please enter Ershanmen. Look at the hexagonal pavilion under the ancient ginkgo tree. There is a stone lying in the pavilion, which is called "Listening to the Turquoise Bed". Length1.99m, width 0.87m and height 0.56m.. It is one of the famous stones in Jiangnan. The stone is naturally fractured, with a hard texture and one end inclined like a stone bed. At the invitation of Cheng Gongsun Luo, a famous calligrapher in Wuxi County, liying, he visited Huishan, and specially carved two characters on the pillow end of the stone bed as a souvenir. Although it has been 1200 years, the handwriting is still clearly visible. There are two ancient pine trees beside the bed, which were destroyed at the end of Yuan Dynasty.

The ancient tree in front of "Tingsongshi Bed" is Ginkgo biloba, which is said to have been planted by Puzhen (Zihai), a monk in Huishan Temple in the early years of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368). It has been weathered for more than 600 years. It is said that there were 18 species in * * * at that time, symbolizing 18 arhat of Buddhism, and now only this species exists. This tree is 2 1 m high and 1.9 1 m in diameter. It is a male ginkgo, which only blooms but does not bear fruit. A Li Xue who lives in a tree hole 6 meters above the ground is over 200 years old, but it bears round fruit. However, in 1982, this ancient male ginkgo actually gave birth to seven ginkgo biloba. On the stone wall next to the ancient ginkgo, there are four seal characters of "ornamental scenery", which were written by Shao Hanchu, a calligrapher in Wuxi in the Qing Dynasty. This means that people can "overlook the lush old trees and enjoy the beautiful colors of Xi Hui" here.

Datong Tang-Zhulu Mountain House

Datong Hall, also known as Daxiong Hall, was built in the third year of Datong in the Liang Dynasty (537). During the Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, Datong Hall and its surrounding buildings were destroyed. Later, a tree hall named "Zhao Zhong Temple" was built on this old site. There are two stone tablets embedded in the inner wall of the front hall, such as Li Hongzhang's "Gift Clock". Please look at the architectural features of this group of caves, with blue tiles and white walls, beams, columns and gatehouses painted with carved beams and painted buildings. Patterns include operas, landscapes, flowers and birds, and animals. Datong Hall is a well-preserved tree hall building in Qing Dynasty, which has the characteristics of ancient architecture in China. There are three old osmanthus trees in the courtyard behind the temple, with the age of 1300. On Mid-Autumn Festival, osmanthus fragrance makes this building look more elegant.

Coming out of the south gate of Datong Hall, not far away is the "Bamboo Furnace Mountain House". It was originally the Tommy Hall of Huishan Temple, which was built in the early years of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty. The front platform and eaves gallery are simple and elegant, and there are two Pandora stones in the front door. The inscription "Bamboo Furnace House" in the middle of the monument is an important inscription of Li Kuchan in 1979. Couplets on the pillars on both sides: "The bamboo scissors weaving furnace was originally an old mountain house; Burning loose and boiling snow has been treasured for a long time. " Inscription by Wuxi calligrapher Zhu.

According to legend, in the early years of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanjin of Ming Taizu visited Huishan Temple privately. Monk Hai cut a bamboo, cut it into three sections, made a bamboo stove, put it on a shelf, cooked tea with Er Quan, and collected Zhu Yuanjin. Zhu Yuanjin tasted the tea cooked on the bamboo stove and was extremely satisfied. He praised the sea as a place where arhats descended to earth. Later, the sea monk rebuilt Huishan Temple and founded Song Ting Temple, and retired to the temple to enjoy tea and listen to pine. In the 28th year of Hongwu (1395), Huzhou bamboo workers were invited to weave bamboo tea stoves and put them on the circle to symbolize the "round place". The bamboo stove is no more than a foot high. The outside is woven with bamboo, and the inside is filled with earth. The center of the furnace is equipped with a copper grating, which looks like a Taoist dry Kun pot and has the sound of stone knocking. Sexual sea often uses it to boil two springs to make tea for guests. At that time, Wang Shu, a famous painter, painted and Wang Da, a bachelor, composed four volumes of * * *, which made the bamboo tea stove spread all over the world. In the 23rd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1595), when Zou Diguang, the former assistant of Huguang, rebuilt the Mituo Temple, it was renamed "Bamboo Furnace Mountain House" and used bamboo stoves to cook tea for the guests all over the world. After the original furnace was destroyed many times, Gu Zhenguan, a famous poet in Wuxi, rebuilt two bamboo furnaces in 1684. Bamboo furnace mountain house has also been rebuilt several times, and the present building was rebuilt during Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. 1984, Qianlong Poetry Monument was moved to Shanfang Hall and Xuan. In the middle of the block, the front is engraved with the poem "Ode to Huiquan" written by Qianlong 175 1 when he first came to Wuxi, and the back is engraved with four poems written by Qianlong when he came to Wuxi for the fourth time. On a tablet in the east, there is a poem engraved with Ganlong's three or four trips to Wuxi.

"The Second Spring in the World"-Er Quan Pavilion-Tang Yilan-A Bing Tomb

Going south out of the bamboo stove house is the world-famous "the second spring in the world". Huishan area, with lush forests and abundant springs, has been called "Thirteen Springs in Kowloon" since ancient times. Among them, Er Quan is famous. "The second spring in the world" was named after the Tang Dynasty and has a history of 1200 years. In the Tang Dynasty, Lu Yu, a famous spring in Cha Sheng, tasted famous tea all over the world, and thought that "Kangwangquan in Lushan Mountain was the first, and Shiquan in Huishan Mountain was the second". Since then, Huishan Spring has enjoyed the reputation of "the second spring in the world".

Since its naming, "Er Quan" has left many cultural relics. In the Tang Dynasty, local officials in Wuxi sent Erquan water to Chang 'an. In Song Huizong, "Er Quan" water was listed as a tribute, and "the moon entered a hundred altars". After drinking "Er Quan" water, Su Dongpo praised it as "excellent in color and taste". Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong visited Wuxi six times in Qing Dynasty, and each time they went to Er Quan for tea and poetry. In the 1940s, Hua (the blind), a famous folk musician, composed Erhu music "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon", which made Er Quan famous at home and abroad.

The site of the second spring in the world was completely renovated on 1954. Er Quan further cleared and dredged in June 1992. Now, "Er Quan" spring water is divided into upper, middle and lower pools from west to east with the mountain. The upper pool is an octagonal spring well with a depth of 1.94m and the best water quality. The middle pond is deep 1 m, square and close to the upper pond. Both ponds have stone bottoms and bluestone fences. The "Er Quan Pavilion" on the pond was first built in the early Southern Song Dynasty. It was specially made by Zhao Gou, Song Gaozong, when he came here to travel, and it was engraved with the words "flowing water from the source". The pavilion is decorated with dragons and pearls. The pavilion was rebuilt in the early years of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (Dou 862). The stone carving of the second spring in the world on the pavilion wall was written by Zhao Mengfu, a calligrapher in Yuan Dynasty. The spring water flows into the lower pool from the bottom of Lan Gang Hall through a culvert.

Tang Yilan is located in the center of Er Quan Courtyard, surrounded by verandahs, where tourists can enjoy tea. Su Dongpo has a poem, "The dust will be exhausted, and one step will be taken." Qianlong has set up a tea throne here many times, and the plaque in front of the hall was written by Fei Xinwo, a modern calligrapher. There is a poem by Su Dongpo on the lintel: "Ask Yang to admire me, and the water army should be afraid of Hui Quan."

The middle, lower and largest of the three pools is 8.6 meters long, 5.7 meters wide and 0.33 meters deep, which was unearthed in the second year of Ming Dow in the Northern Song Dynasty (1033). There is a stone decapitated head (commonly known as a dragon head) in the middle of the wall of Xichi, with two claws in front, the dragon neck bent and the mouth wide open, and the clear spring and Bailongkou spewed out, forming a scenic spot of "kissing the flying spring". Stone was built in the early years of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty. It was originally carved from the local Huangyangshan stone carving in Wuxi. With a history of nearly 500 years, it is the earliest existing monument of the "second spring in the world". In front of the pool, a group of Taihu rocks are stacked into a statue of Guanyin standing on the back of the aojiang, which is called "Guanyin Stone" in the world, with the dragon girl on the right and the talented person on the left. The inscription "Yan Hui" under Guanyin Stone shows that this is the relic of "Yan Hui" in the villa of Shangshugu, a former official of the Ministry of Rites, and it was only moved here during the reign of Qing Qianlong.

Huayangou is the most famous folk musician in Wuxi's history. His tomb is located on the hillside south of the entrance of Yingshan Lake in Chunshen Stream of Xi Hui Park. The bronze statue of this folk musician stands in the cemetery forest on the hill behind the music stage. A Bing, a Taoist, is from Dongting, Wuxi. Born on August 20th, 1893. I studied music with my father since I was a child, and I have deep attainments in the national musical instruments pipa and erhu. Later, I became blind and lived on the streets. Until rebirth after liberation. A Bing's tomb was originally in the Taoist cemetery of Yihe Fang Shan at the foot of Canshan Mountain in Hekou. 1983 65438+ February, moved and buried here.

A Bing's representative erhu song "Two Springs Reflect the Moon", written on 1939, is a portrayal of the author's inner life. The whole song consists of introduction and six stages, which is a musical structure with cyclic variations. "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" was presented to foreign guests as a national gift at the celebration of the 0/0 anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China/KLOC. America, Italy, France, Japan, etc. Adapted in succession, it has become a world-renowned famous song.

Yugong Valley-Chunshenjian-Yingshanhu-Huishan Clay Street

On the east side of Er Quan is Gong Yugu, formerly the Jingyue residence of Huishan Temple, named Longquan Jingshe. It is one of the four famous private gardens in China in the late Ming Dynasty. It was built by Zou Diguang, a native of Wuxi during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, covering an area of about 50 mu and taking more than ten years to build. Zou Diguang encouraged himself by Gong Yu, so he named it "Gong Yugu".

The present "Gong Yugu" was rebuilt in 1958, which has the characteristics of classical gardens in Ming Dynasty. Gong Yugu was inscribed by Guo Moruo in 1960. The entrance to the south leads from the promenade to the lotus pond. K Gallery has a pavilion and two pavilions. The name of the pavilion is "Lotus Pavilion", which was inscribed by the famous painter Wu Zuoren. The couplet in front of the porch was written by Qian, a contemporary landscape painter, at the age of 84, "Beautiful scenery and magnificent scenery". The spring pavilion in the south of He Jiong is called "Filter Spring". There is an ancient couplet in the Tang Dynasty in the pavilion of knowing the wind by the spring: "Sweep the stone moon with a broom and filter the spring with flowers." The couplet "Lao Long listens to the Dharma, and the stubborn stone nods" in the South Corridor skillfully writes the scene of Huishan Temple monks giving lectures and Lao Long also coming to listen to the Dharma, which makes Huishan Temple monks listen to turquoise nodding in front of Datong Temple, reflecting the profoundness of Buddhism. The road filters the small stone bridge next to the spring, and there is an ancient magnolia tree next to the rockery, which has reached more than 400 years old.

Now we are going to visit the "Spring Excalibur" in the southwest of "Jinsutang" in Huishan. Spring Excalibur, also known as "Huang Gongjian", is now a waterfall-watching landscape in Wuxi, named after Huang Xie, the prime minister of Chu in the Warring States Period, who led an army to drink horses here. Stone archway in front of the mountain stream, elegant Gu Zhuo. A big stone in the cave lies horizontally, such as a short column in the middle stream, which makes the water in the cave flow downstream. The stone is engraved with the word "Sleeping Cloud", which was inscribed by Shao Bao, a senior minister of Nanjing Ritual Department in Ming Dynasty, in memory of the abbot of Huishan Temple. The sleeping cloud is the number of the circle. The triangle pavilion by the river is called "Sleeping Cloud Pavilion".

Shunchun Shen Jian is located in Yingshan Lake in the east, which was called "Qinhuangwu" in ancient times and located between Wuxi and Huizhou Mountain. 1958, a lake of 1400 square meters was excavated here. The mirror-like clear water surface blends the scenery of the two mountains, and the Cuifeng, the ancient pagoda and the Xiuting are reflected in the lake, making the scenery more beautiful and moving. Trees, shrubs and flowers are carefully planted around the lake. There is a stone archway in the east, engraved with "Yingshan Lake". On the opposite side of the archway, please look at the stone at the exit of Excalibur Chun, with the word "Trilo" engraved on it, describing the Xi Hui Mountain Peak as a meeting for girls.

So much for visiting Xi Hui Park. Come to Huishan Street with me. You can buy some Wuxi native products "Huishan clay figurines" at will.

Now we have come to Wuli Street at the eastern end of Huishan, which is the only way to go to Huishan Temple for pilgrimages. Now it is "Huishan Clay Fighter Street". Huishan clay figurines have a long history of more than 400 years. It originated at the foot of Huishan, hence the name "Huishan clay figurine", which is a famous handicraft in Wuxi. It is made of black mud which is particularly delicate and clean at the foot of Huishan Mountain. It is made by artists through more than ten processes, such as mud beating, manuscript typing, plastic kneading, mold making, mold turning, mud embryo, renovation, powder coating, coloring, phase opening and oiling. Huishan clay figurines are divided into two categories: one is "rough goods", which is a traditional product of clay figurines, with fat dolls and animals as the theme; The other kind is "high-quality goods", that is, "hand-controlled drama", which takes drama, fairy tales and dance as the theme, among which the representative work is "Daafu". Legend has it that in ancient Huishan, trees were towering, and a pair of wild animals often went down the mountain to hurt people. Later, a pair of twins, a man and a woman, were born at home, named Afu. Strange to say, the wild animals are obedient when they see Ah Fu, so every household in Wuxi likes to keep Ah Fu at home to ward off evil spirits.