Soil: The soil for potted American ginseng requires sandy soil, good drainage and ventilation, rich in organic matter and slightly acidic. General humus soil is mixed with yellow soil (or black mountain mud) and sandy soil, and the ratio is 6: 3: 1. Potted soil should not be alkaline, otherwise it will be unfavorable for growth, and pine needles will turn yellow and fall off.
Watering: Five needles pine likes humid environment, but is afraid of water accumulation, so it can keep the basin soil moist. April-May is the season when the new buds of Pinus pentaphylla germinate and grow vigorously, so it is necessary to control water properly, because water can make the new branches steep and the needles elongate. When the temperature is high in summer, it should be watered before 10 or after 16. In winter, when the temperature is low and the water demand is reduced, it is necessary to water less. If the soil is wet, you can't water it. Water should be done around noon, when the temperature is the highest. Five needles pine is most afraid of waterlogging damage to the root system, so it should be watered moderately, not too much, and the foliar water should be sprayed frequently. Soil moisture should be kept between 15%-30%, and natural water is the best. Generally, water 1 time a day in spring and autumn, twice a day in summer, and several days 1 time in winter. At the same time, we should master it flexibly according to the change of weather.
Fertilization: Five needles pine should adopt the method of thin fertilizer and less fertilizer, and it is appropriate to apply fully decomposed cake fertilizer. Fertilization of mature plants should be carried out in spring and autumn. Spring fertilizer is applied every 10 day 2-3 months before germination, and the concentration is about 15%, which promotes germination and long branches. It is hot in July and August, so it is suitable to apply 10% diluted fertilizer water once a month 1 time, once in the morning and once in the evening. September is the fastest growth stage of American ginseng, so autumn fertilizer can be properly concentrated (the fertilizer concentration can be increased to about 20%) to promote more axillary buds and fewer flower buds, and there are enough nutrients for the growth of stems and branches. Fertilization should be stopped after I0. In addition, fertilization depends on the weather. If it rains for a long time, Chu Qing should not fertilize immediately; If it doesn't rain for a long time, water it first and then fertilize it after 2-3 days.
Illumination: Pinus pentaphylla is a strongly positive plant. Usually, flowerpots should be placed in dry, ventilated and sunny places. Too wet and cloudy days are not conducive to their growth. Five-needle pine seedlings planted by Agricultural Bank of China 1-2 should be properly shaded at noon in summer to prevent needles from being burned by excessive sunlight, and placed in the open air at other times to allow them to fully receive sunlight. In this way, the five-needle pine bonsai has dense branches and leaves, thick green, high ornamental value and few pests and diseases. Try to keep the natural growth environment of Pinus pentaphylla, ensure good ventilation, sufficient light and uniform water and fertilizer topdressing, so as to raise an excellent bonsai.
Propagation method of Pinus pentaphylla;
Five needles pine generally adopts grafting propagation and sowing propagation.
Grafting propagation:
Grafting can be divided into branch grafting and bud grafting. Branches were grafted from mid-February to early March, with 2-3-year-old Pinus thunbergii as rootstock and annual stout branches of robust mother trees as scions, with a length of about 8- 10 cm. The lower needle is cut off, the abdomen is connected with the root neck of the rootstock, and the soil is ridged to the top of the scion. In case of drought, spray water slightly to keep the soil moist. After the scion germinates, the top of the rootstock is cut off to inhibit its growth, and then it is gently cut off in several stages. In the rainy season, some soil will be torn apart to let the leaves stretch, and then the soil will be cultivated in rainy days. Bud grafting is carried out from mid-March to April when the rootstock has germinated. A bud of about 3 cm was selected as the grafting bud on the robust mother tree, and grafted on the top bud of Pinus thunbergii by split grafting, and the rootstock needles were wrapped for shade. It is also possible to connect the buds with the main branches and lateral branches earlier by abdominal grafting, so that they can gradually replace the branches and leaves of black pine and cultivate ideal bonsai in a short time. Japanese five-needle pine has a high survival rate and fast growth, but it should be unbound in time. ?
Sowing and breeding:
Seeding and propagation are carried out in February-March, mainly by drilling, sowing and hole sowing. Different seeds, different uses and planting methods are also different. You need to cover the soil after planting. Different seeds are covered with different soil conditions, and then compacted slowly, so that the seeds can better contact with the soil and absorb water and nutrients. Without water, seeds can't germinate. It is necessary to keep the water in the soil, but also to prevent too much water. Waterlogging will make the seeds wet. Under normal circumstances, it takes about 20 days to germinate, and the seedling stage should be carefully managed, especially transplanting with soil balls. Planting sites should choose well-drained, loose and fertile soil.