In the sample stacks on the second floor of the library, you can often see an old man with simple clothes and a handsome face reading and writing, or reading while walking, or burying his head in taking notes. He is Mr. Liu Shinan, a university teacher who has never been to university.
At the appointed time, we arrived at Mr. Wang's house. The house is small, a lot of space is occupied by his books, and I feel more and more crowded. There are two landscape paintings hanging on the living room wall. There is a small round table in the middle with many snacks on it. I heard that we were coming, and he prepared it specially. He is a knowledgeable and optimistic old man. He likes to laugh. Talking with him is not only a pleasure, but also the harvest of ten years' study.
Be rigorous and realistic in your study.
Mr. Liu was born in 1923, and his father was Qian Qingmei Cai. When I was a child, I read 12 ancient books with my father, and recited ancient books such as University, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius and Zuo Zhuan. Such a family environment cultivated his interest in classical literature and embarked on the road of studying classical literature.
Starting from 1979, Liu Lao criticized and discussed some academic mistakes. Among Du Fu and Li Bai, Guo Moruo thinks that Li Bai is superior to Du Fu, while Liu Lao thinks that Du Li is both a poet of the landlord class and a supporter of the landlord class regime. The comparison between them is only quantitative, and there is no qualitative difference. Du Li was objectively evaluated from the perspective of materialist dialectics. After the publication of his paper "Some Views on Du Fu and Li Bai", it attracted wide attention from academic circles and was highly appraised. Cheng called it very reasonable. This paper and On Punctuation, Annotation and Translation of Ancient Chinese published in China Chinese in the same year indicate his future research direction: first, writing academic papers and monographs; second, writing articles to correct fallacies and correct customs. Mr. Qian Zhongshu said that his "article study" is full of merits, accurate and enlightening. His article "Right and Wrong" is the earliest view of a sentence in "The West Chamber of a Lonely Studio". It was still in the mid-1960s. In order to fully believe his views on the selected articles in the textbook, he wrote to Lv Shuxiang for advice. Mr. Lv Shuxiang wrote back to him quickly, agreeing with him completely. This is his first correspondence with Lv Shuxiang. Excited, he posted the reply on the classroom wall for the students to see.
Learning classical literature is the most taboo. However, if you want to learn from others, you must have a deep foundation. Mr. Liu is satisfied with this. Some people think that Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Teng-ting is the loneliness with Qi Fei in the sunset, and the autumn waters are long and the sky is long, which is enough. In order to correct this, Mr. Liu not only pointed out the application of Yu Xin's Poem of Shooting Horses in Hualin Garden, but also quoted Song Wangguan's Xue Lin, Song Yeke Series and Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long as proof.
Liu Lao is familiar with China's classical literature, especially the poems of Qing Dynasty. He liked Gong Zizhen's poems since he was a teenager, and later he loved to read the poems of revolutionaries and Nanshe in the poetry circle. Later, I like reading poems in the same style. But I just can't see any papers commenting on Qing poetry, let alone monographs. Qian Zhongshu's understanding of Qing poetry has been expanded and deepened since he got the Record of Talking about Arts. Under this kind of enlightenment, it took him 15 years to write the History of Literature in Qing Dynasty. As soon as this book was published in the traditional vertical version in Taipei Jinwen Publishing House, some people called it one of the classic achievements. Mr. Qu said that it is solid and smooth, rich in materials, repeated and intermittent, sincere and excellent. Now People's Literature Publishing House has published a simplified horizontal edition of this book. When recommending this book in particular, I highly praised it as a Huize scholar, which greatly promoted the study of classical literature. He wrote this book for two purposes, one is to explore the awakening process of the democratic consciousness of the literati in the Qing Dynasty, and the other is to fill the gap in the history of poetry in the Qing Dynasty, which is unprecedented and indispensable.
Mr. Liu is a person who likes reading. At the age of eighty-one, he is still obsessed with books, reading classics in the first grade and history in the second grade, and still tirelessly reading and writing articles. At the invitation of People's Literature Publishing House, he is working with Professor Liu Songlai of the College of Literature to compile a 400,000-word Selected Works of Qing Dynasty. It can be said that the old horse crouches tiger, hidden dragon. He studied English hard when he was young, especially under the influence of Qian Zhongshu and others, and Mr. Liu was determined to learn English. His diary is bilingual.
Careful teaching for teachers
He is a teacher, first of all, taking people as teachers. The rise and fall of learning is related to teachers and friends. His academic achievements largely benefited from consulting academic masters. He said that learning is learning, which is a combination of learning and asking. Without asking, there is no learning. As soon as he found the problem, he asked some famous scholars for advice. He has corresponded with scholars such as,, Ma Xulun, Qian Zhongshu,, and Cheng. Among these people, he is most grateful to Mr. Qian Zhongshu. The first letter he sent to Mr. Qian Zhongshu and the attachment Punctuation, Annotation and Translation of Ancient Chinese corrected some mistakes made by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House and several other publishing houses, and analyzed the reasons for the mistakes. Qian Zhongshu wrote back to him soon and recommended him to the Institute of Literature of China Academy of Social Sciences, Zhonghua Book Company and Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House. Later, Qian Zhongshu sent Liu Lao a new edition of Essays on Four Old Essays, with a letterhead on the title page and a blue ballpoint pen to correct the typos and foreign languages in the book, which made him very happy when he was transferred to Jiangxi Normal University. Teacher Liu took the initiative to take out the book "Four Old Chapters" and let us see the master's original work.
Teacher Liu's formal education was only a freshman before liberation. He is not a well-trained man, but he is well-read, familiar with ancient and modern times, Chinese and foreign countries, and is the official history of unofficial history. It is easy to find mistakes when reading other people's articles or proofreading ancient books. He emphasized the importance of laying a solid foundation for the study of classical literature. Recitation is the key to laying the foundation, that is, practice makes perfect. Reciting can not only make people familiar with this article, but also stimulate inspiration and remind people of a lot of seemingly irrelevant but actually useful knowledge. He believes that learning is a natural and exquisite organic whole. As long as you are thoroughly familiar with its main parts, others will be explored and linked. At the same time, a person who studies China's classical literature, "All the Thirteen Classics should be read and truly understood. A classical literature teacher in the Chinese Department of a university must be able to recite The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Zuo Zhuan, The Book of Rites, Laozi, Zhuangzi and Xunzi.
Liu Lao is an outstanding figure in the study of classical literature. He has a strong sense of responsibility in preaching, teaching and dispelling doubts. In his letter to Chen Zhili and other four people, he put forward seven suggestions for cultivating talents in classical literature research: first, intensive reading of books that have laid a solid foundation; The second is to read widely; Third, establish the theme and try to search its information; Fourth, the work must be unprecedented and indispensable; Fifth, opinions should be put forward by data; Sixth, learn to write ancient prose, parallel prose, old poems and ci; The seventh is not to be tempted by fame and fortune.
Mr. Liu is approachable and never stingy with people who ask him for advice. He often talks to one of them for hours. There is a doctoral student in Peking University. His master's thesis is about Qing poetry, referring to Liu Lao's History of Qing Poetry Schools. If he wants to study Qing poetry in his doctoral thesis, he still needs to refer to this book. So a few days ago, he made a special trip from Beijing to visit Mr. Liu, who had a long talk with him, which made the doctoral students very satisfied. The night before our interview, a phone call woke up Mr. Liu in his sleep. It was a teacher of Jiangxi Medical College who asked him questions. Mr. Liu spent an hour helping him out. Even though we asked some naive questions, he gave careful advice.
Think of others and worry about the world.
The ultimate goal of Liu Lao's History of Poetry School in Qing Dynasty is to promote the democratization of China. He believes that studying classical literature is for today and tomorrow. In the long river of China's classical literature, the realistic spirit of caring about the national economy and people's livelihood is worth inheriting, which shows that as a scholar and a man of insight, he has made great efforts and good wishes for the development of the country.
He lamented that in the research work of ancient books collation, no qualified personnel could be found to punctuate and annotate ancient books. In his letter to Yang, deputy director of the State Publishing Administration, he pointed out that many doctoral supervisors, professors, associate professors, doctors and masters punctuated the Complete Poems of Ming Dynasty and the Complete Poems of Song Dynasty in a mess, thinking that they had no sense of responsibility, and asked those who sorted out ancient books to reach Dante's level in order to understand Dante.
He once said in a lecture that it is enough to write this book (History of Schools of Qing Poetry) in this life, and we may only understand it as his concern for this book. Later, I learned that there was another reason why he said so. At present, some people in the academic circle resort to unscrupulous means to falsify academic achievements for fame and fortune, and publish more than a dozen papers or monographs every year, but few of them are of real academic value. Mr. Liu hopes that young comrades will put aside their personal fame and fortune and do everything conscientiously and practically. He has never participated in any awards, because he believes that academic research must not be selfish. He said that the value of our life lies in carrying forward the traditional culture of China and creating a new culture that is in line with the world.
He is eighty-one, but he is as healthy as sixty. He said he didn't think about health care at all. Never take supplements, do not exercise deliberately, do not punch, do not practice Tai Chi, do not take a lunch break, and often cook for several days at a time. He gets up for a walk in the morning and likes to take a walk while reading, that's all.
Our interview lasted for three hours, and Mr. Kan Kan immersed us in it, feeling the charm of scholars and the infinite knowledge. When he left, he presented us with a copy of "Outside the Academic Hall" written by him, with a personal postscript. At the same time, he also took a group photo with us.
Historical figure: Liu Shinan
The word Jingyu, a native of Changle, is the son of Wei Jiayu in Lechang. Jia Yu, Zide said, was also a master of Li Yanping. Heather walked less from the forest and became friends with Lv Zuqian. Abide by courtesy and righteousness, and the township party respects it. Jizhou official manager joined the army. Son, brother, Li.
Follow this word. When I was six years old, I recited thousands of words. Every time I saw a big festival of loyalty, filial piety and righteousness, I needed to inspire generosity. When I first read old books, I sighed, "This is not enough to learn." Knowing how to promote his son's career, he sighed, "This is not suitable for specialized study." Wen Wengong got Lian and Luo Chuan, so he fought with his brother. Wen Gong covered the deep device. Take the road for two years as a scholar, attack the road at any time, and no longer intend to be an official. For Wen Hongbo, he is also a poet.
Use sharp words. Young Wu Ying, middle-class boy family. While traveling from Wengong and devoting himself to learning, Cai Yuan decided to compile Daozhou, so that when he was alone with his younger brother, he was forbidden to give him a generous report.