kyuubi

Sulfur is afraid of mirabilite,

Mercury is afraid of arsenic,

Wolf poison is afraid of secret dragons,

Croton is afraid of Petunia,

Cloves are afraid of turmeric,

Kusnezoff monkshood,

Dental nitrate is afraid of sparganosis,

Guan Guiwei stone grease,

Ginseng is afraid of trogopterori.

Eighteen opposites

Licorice. Euphorbia, seaweed and gardenia.

Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, Fructus Trichosanthis, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Radix Ampelopsis and Rhizoma Bletillae.

Chen Lufan ginseng, Radix Adenophorae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Scrophulariae, Herba Asari, Radix Paeoniae Alba.

Traditional Chinese medicine is an important means of syndrome differentiation and treatment. Generally, a variety of drugs are used in combination to treat diseases. If the compatibility is proper, the curative effect can be enhanced. If the compatibility is improper or taboo, it will not only reduce the curative effect, but also produce toxic and side effects. Therefore, Chinese medicine attaches great importance to the rational compatibility of drugs.

The incompatibility of TCM includes "opposition" and "mutual fear". When the two drugs are used together, they can produce toxicity or side effects, which is called "opposition". When the two drugs are used together, they can produce mutual inhibition, which is called "mutual fear". There have been "eighteen oppositions" and "nineteen fears" about the incompatibility of traditional Chinese medicine since ancient times. These two statements come from Shennong's Herbal Classic, and the attached chapter on drug preparation elaborates the jade, stone, herbal medicine, wood, animal, insect, fish, fruit, vegetable and rice of traditional Chinese medicine.

Meng Chang, a master of Shu State after the Five Dynasties, first counted the number of seven emotions when he ordered Han Baosheng, an academician, to revise Shu Materia Medica. He said, "This classic contains 365 kinds of drugs, including 765,438+0, 65,438+02, 90 kinds of drugs, 78 kinds of drugs that make people afraid, 60 kinds of evil people and 65,438+drugs that turn against people. The newly revised herbal medicine inherits 18 kinds of anti-drugs, and the syndrome herbal medicine contains 24 kinds of anti-drugs.

The understanding and development of incompatibility in past dynasties are different. It was not until the Jin and Yuan Dynasties that syndrome differentiation medicine was formally summarized as "eighteen oppositions" and compiled into the Song Dynasty. The Song style of "eighteen oppositions" was first seen in Family Affairs in the Scholars written by Zhang Congzheng, a doctor in Jin Dynasty, and the Pearl Capsule Supplement written by Li Dongyuan, a doctor in Yuan Dynasty also contained the Song style: "Materia Medica clearly states eighteen oppositions, and half of them attack Ukraine, so the algae halberd turns against the grass, and the public turns against Veratrum", that is, licorice turns against algae, spurge, kansui and Daphne genkwa; Veratrum nigrum, Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Scrophularia, Adenophora adenophora, Asari and Paeonia lactiflora.

The Song formula of "Nineteen Fears" was first seen in "Medical Classics Primary School" written by Liu Chun, a great doctor in Yongle, Ming Dynasty: "Sulfur is the essence of fire, and Pu Nitrate fights at first sight; Mercury can't meet arsenic, and wolfsbane is most afraid of monks; Croton is the strongest and not suitable for Petunia; Clove and Yujin are not seen, and tooth nitrate and Beijing Sparganium are difficult to combine; Kusnezoff monkshood is not suitable for rhinoceros, and ginseng is most afraid of trogopterori; Guan Guixi can adjust the air conditioner and bully each other when he meets stone grease. Generally speaking, if he repairs it, it will look good, and the artillery will not depend on each other. That is, sulfur is afraid of Glauber's salt; Mercury is afraid of arsenic; Wolf poison is afraid of Tibetan monks; Croton is afraid of Petunia; Cloves are afraid of turmeric; Tooth mirabilite (mirabilite, sodium sulfate) is afraid of sparganium; Radix Aconiti and Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) fear rhinoceros horn (wide angle); Ginseng is afraid of trogopterori; Guan Gui (cinnamon, cassia twig) is afraid of halloysitum rubrum.

After the understanding of "eighteen evils" and "nineteen fears" was reached, most of the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions in the past dynasties were basically accurate and did not cross the line. And is this opposite drug absolutely impossible to use in clinic? There have always been different opinions about this. Some people think that these opposite drugs are the summary of thousands of years of clinical experience and lessons of ancient doctors. Only reasonable compatibility between traditional Chinese medicines can produce good curative effect. If you violate the taboo of compatibility, you must be careful. However, some people think that the ancients only said "eighteen antis", and there are not many cases to prove whether it is correct. Except for a group of licorice anti-algae, all the other compatibility in Eighteen Anti-drugs are toxic Chinese medicines. Whether the toxicity is caused by the toxic traditional Chinese medicine itself or whether the toxicity increases after the compatibility of the two drugs is inconclusive in details.

Therefore, doctors in past dynasties did not copy the medicine mechanically, but faced up to the complicated and changeable reality of diseases and syndromes, dared to practice, explore, innovate and break the contraindications, and thought that "eighteen opposites" and "nineteen opposites" were not absolute compatibility contraindications. Combined with the evidence, they treated difficult and severe diseases with drugs, and repeatedly achieved miraculous results.

Zhang Zhongjing, a medical sage in Han Dynasty, first used crude drugs in clinic. In the syndrome of phlegm-drinking and cough, Gansui Banxia decoction is used to treat the stagnation of drinking and want to get rid of it. Gansui and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch are used together to guide attack and drive away drinking according to the situation. Akamaru's prescription for cold drinks and abdominal pain in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber, Fuzi and Banxia are used together, which can dispel cold and reduce adverse reactions.

Sun Simiao, a doctor in Tang Dynasty, used aconite and ampelopsis to treat rheumatism and foot weakness in "Da Feng Ba San" in Qian Jin Fang.

Chen Shigong, a surgeon in Ming Dynasty, wrote seaweed Yuhu decoction in Authentic Surgery, which has the functions of clearing away heat, eliminating malnutrition, resolving phlegm, softening hard mass, regulating qi and resolving hard mass. The seaweed in the prescription is used together with licorice, but it is the opposite, which makes people "interested in crushing their firmness."

"Huo Da Rodin" In "Lan Tai Gui Fan" by Xu Dachun in Qing Dynasty, aconite and rhinoceros horn were used together, which were mainly used for stroke paralysis, paralysis, phlegm syncope, yin gangrene and salivation. The "Shixiang Guihun Pill" in Spring Foot Collection by Meng, a physician in Qing Dynasty, is used together with it to treat phlegm syncope, stroke, mouth-eye deviation, closed teeth, fainting and dying.

Many doctors also have profound insights into the magical effect of combining drugs with opposing fears. For example, in the book "Medicine for Yi Tong" written by China doctor Danbo Yuan Jian in the Edo period, Zhang Zhicong, a doctor in the Qing Dynasty, was quoted as saying: "If you test the prescriptions of typhoid fever, golden chamber and golden chamber, you will be afraid of using them."

Li Shizhen, a medical scientist in Ming Dynasty, made a more original analysis in Compendium of Materia Medica: "Ancient prescriptions are often used by people who are contrary to each other. Cover phase must use the same person, the emperor also; Those who fear each other and kill each other are also kings; People who use the opposite of evil are overbearing. Those who have the right know the user. "

Li Ke, a contemporary old Chinese doctor, is also good at using antagonistic drugs in clinic. His "Sanwei Decoction" (Radix Ginseng Rubra, Oletum Trogopterori, Flos Caryophylli, Radix Curcumae, Cortex Cinnamomi, and Halloysitum rubrum) is composed of three pairs of mutually antagonistic drugs, which has the functions of invigorating qi and promoting blood circulation, activating spleen to digest food, warming kidney to stop chronic diarrhea, dispelling cold and abdominal distension, broadening chest and benefiting qi, and relieving pain and resolving hard mass. He said: "I used three pairs of drugs, one symptom and one symptom, and all three symptoms were used. I have used this prescription for more than 42 years, with an average of more than 3 times a day, reaching more than 40 thousand times. Without fear and harm, they complement each other. For difficult and chronic diseases, once they are put into use, they will enter a good situation. "

Zhu Liangchun, a master of traditional Chinese medicine, has always used drugs with certificates, and is not bound by theories such as "eighteen evils" and "nineteen fears". In the past 60 years, seaweed and licorice have been used together to treat cervical lymph node tuberculosis, simple and endemic goiter and tumor. Treating chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcer with ginseng (Radix Codonopsis) and Oletum Trogopterori; Combined use of seaweed, kansui and licorice to treat pleural effusion and exudative pleurisy. , has achieved excellent results, no toxic side effects, can be called a master of using opposing drugs.

Inspired by the above masters, the author often proves that drugs are used to treat severe diseases. For example, a 73-year-old male patient suffers from herpes zoster in the head, with severe pain and can't sleep at night. The effect of applying Chinese and western medicine for a few days is not obvious. According to the witness of qi deficiency and blood stasis, in the syndrome prescription, the flavored person participates in the combination of five fats, one supplement and one pass, benefiting qi, removing blood stasis and relieving pain. It is amazing that patients can sleep peacefully at night even if the pain is greatly relieved after taking the medicine. Therefore, as long as the syndrome differentiation is accurate and the compatibility of prescription and medicine is reasonable, the drug can also be surprisingly successful.

All in all,

First, we must not follow the theories of "eighteen evils" and "nineteen fears", let alone stick to them. The key to evidence and medicine lies in syndrome (disease). In fact, the occurrence of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine is mostly related to inaccurate syndrome differentiation and improper treatment. It is also related to the blind use of too large a dose, taking it for too long, or improper handling.

Second, clinical medication should be bold and cautious. Since the ancients said "eighteen evils" and "nineteen fears", we should take a cautious attitude in drug use. Because there is rectification in Chinese medicine treatment, that is, using the properties of yin and yang cold and heat of drugs to correct the uncoordinated and unbalanced state of yin and yang cold and heat when the human body is sick, so that it tends to be "yin and yang secret" and balanced and harmonious. All drugs have therapeutic effects and toxic and side effects, which is a double-edged sword integrating curative effects and toxic and side effects. Good use can save lives, but bad use will hurt people. Medication should be in accordance with the classics, and its drugs are divided into three categories: taking medicine for health, nourishing Chinese medicine and treating diseases. The drugs in "eighteen evils" and "nineteen fears" generally belong to inferior categories and have great toxic and side effects. Therefore, we should attach great importance to it when using it, with accurate syndrome differentiation and appropriate dosage, and it is not suitable for long-term use. For some of them, if there is no sufficient basis and rich clinical experience, we should avoid blind cooperation and application.