In recent years, traveling to Xi has also become a fashion. I think most of my friends who have been to Xi 'an have been to Jianfu Temple, which is located in Tang Cheng Neirenfang.
In Jianfu Temple, there is a tower built 1000 years ago. When it was first built, there was a 15 floor, but after years of baptism, there is still a 13 floor, which is 45 meters high. This tower is called Little Wild Goose Pagoda.
There is a plaque on the north lintel at the bottom of Little Wild Goose Pagoda, which is a record of Jiajing's thirty years. It says:
In fact, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda has been cracked more than once. Historically, it suffered six earthquakes, three of which broke, but it was self-defeating.
1487 An earthquake occurred in Shaanxi with a magnitude of 6. Many buildings in Xi collapsed due to the earthquake.
The Little Wild Goose Pagoda was originally a high-rise building, but it did not collapse because of the earthquake. Although lucky, it was also affected by the earthquake.
Although it didn't collapse, it was seriously injured and the Little Wild Goose Pagoda cracked a big hole. In the records at that time, it was said that the Little Wild Goose Pagoda was more than a foot wide, and a foot at that time was equivalent to 0.3 meters today, so the cracks caused by the earthquake were visible to the naked eye.
In this way, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda has been cracked until 34 years later, when another earthquake occurred in the local area. Amazingly, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda did not collapse directly because of the earthquake, but was magically "healed", and it became intact after the earthquake.
Jiajing Mao Yi
At the beginning, I mentioned the records of scholars Jia Hanfu and Wang Shizhen in the Qing Dynasty: "Jiajing Mao Yi earthquake split in two."
An earthquake occurred in Xi 'an during the years of115/jiajing. In 65438+February this year, an earthquake with magnitude of 8.0 occurred in Weinan, Shaanxi and Zhou Pu, Shaanxi.
Because the earthquake occurred at night, the disaster area was densely populated, which was also the most serious earthquake in human history.
The number of casualties in this earthquake reached more than 800,000, and the Little Wild Goose Pagoda was in this earthquake. It turns out that the Little Wild Goose Pagoda is as high as 15 floor. Affected by this earthquake, the top of Little Wild Goose Pagoda was destroyed, leaving only 13 layer.
In this earthquake, not only the top of Little Wild Goose Pagoda was destroyed, but also cracks appeared under the influence of this earthquake. Split in two from the top to the bottom.
But in Guihai, another earthquake happened in Xi 'an. The Little Wild Goose Pagoda, which should have been hit again, was not affected by the earthquake, but miraculously recovered under the action of the earthquake.
1920, an earthquake of magnitude 8.5 occurred in Ningxia. Xi 'an is the center of the earthquake, so the loss is the most serious.
Even the walls of Xi 'an collapsed in many places because of this earthquake. The city wall has experienced so many wars and survived so many times with knives and axes, but it collapsed in many stages because of this earthquake.
Needless to say, many buildings in Xi 'an collapsed due to the earthquake.
Unexpectedly, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda, which has experienced many earthquakes, is still the lucky one in this earthquake and has not collapsed.
However, like the previous earthquake, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda did not collapse, but produced cracks.
The miracle happened again. The Little Wild Goose Pagoda after the earthquake did not disappoint, but it recovered.
In addition to these two experiences, Little Wild Goose Pagoda also experienced the baptism of an earthquake during the Kangxi period, but the wound of Little Wild Goose Pagoda healed automatically.
It was not until the founding of New China that the Little Wild Goose Pagoda suffered another earthquake, which caused the structure of the Little Wild Goose Pagoda to crack again.
In order to protect the cultural heritage, our country had to repair the Little Wild Goose Pagoda, and this repair made it impossible for the Little Wild Goose Pagoda to heal itself.
After the national reinforced concrete repair, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda has become stronger, and it is difficult to see this miracle again in the future.
The Little Wild Goose Pagoda, built in the Year of the Loong, is a scenic spot in the Tang Dynasty. At first, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda was built to store the scriptures brought back from Tianzhu by the Tang Dynasty monk Yijing.
The pagoda where Xuanzang collected scriptures in Tianzhu is called Big Wild Goose Pagoda. In recognition of the merits of the Book of Changes, the Book of Changes is called Little Wild Goose Pagoda.
After Xuanzang retrieved the scriptures in Tianzhu, he was highly respected by the people and all Buddhists at that time, and later there was the story of Journey to the West.
The Tang Priest and his disciples exorcised demons all the way through eighty-one difficulties. That's why they have these scriptures, and the Big Wild Goose Pagoda has also been endowed with sacred and inviolable colors.
Of course, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda, as a place to store the Tianzhu Bible, is also sacred.
In addition, among the people, the reason why the Little Wild Goose Pagoda can be self-opening and self-harmony is believed by the people to be because of Wu Zetian.
In feudal society, Wu Zetian was the only queen. In the eyes of the people, Wu Zetian was reincarnated as Nuwa, and the temple where Little Wild Goose Pagoda was located was built by Wu Zetian.
At that time, in order to publicize her achievements, Wu Zetian told the people that this temple was called Jianfu Temple, and the main purpose of its construction was to recommend blessings to the people.
The reason why the Little Wild Goose Pagoda has three entrances and three exits is because the queen has a vision of predicting the world.
However, we all know that this legend is unreasonable. The reason for building the Little Wild Goose Pagoda is that Li Xian, Tang Zhongzong promoted Buddhism in order to learn from Li Zhi.
The specific time for the construction of Little Wild Goose Pagoda was 707 AD, which was the year after the death of Wu Zetian. In this way, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda has always been called the God Union.
It was not until the founding of New China that the Little Wild Goose Pagoda cracked and was repaired in China that the secret of the Little Wild Goose Pagoda was discovered. Little Wild Goose Pagoda is not a kind of harmony at all, but the harmony between people.
As we all know, Miss Tumbler of Datang City that Never Sleeps was on fire on the short video platform some time ago.
Unexpectedly, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda uses the same principle. At the beginning of the construction, the builders responsible for the construction of the Little Wild Goose Pagoda dug a special foundation for the Little Wild Goose Pagoda.
Foundation is the soul of architecture. Only when the foundation is done can the building be strong.
The foundation of the Little Wild Goose Pagoda is like adding a tumbler base on the Little Wild Goose Pagoda and making a semi-circular sphere with rammed earth.
Then it is precisely because of this construction method that the foundation of Little Wild Goose Pagoda is very solid, and the stress area of this foundation is uniform when the local shell vibrates, so the Little Wild Goose Pagoda will produce this self-opening and self-closing scene.
We have experienced many major earthquakes this year.
The Tangshan earthquake in 1976, the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 and the Yushu earthquake in 10 did not make compatriots all over the country worry about it.
If all the buildings are built in the structure of Little Wild Goose Pagoda, are we not afraid of the harm of earthquakes from now on?
First of all, I think the fundamental reason why the earthquake makes us so afraid is that the earthquake has brought us great harm and heavy casualties.
Human population
In other words, the Xuanzong period was one of the most prosperous periods in the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty also experienced many years of recuperation. The population of the Tang Dynasty was only over 9 million, and the population was over 50 million. Even if the census at that time was not as detailed as it is now, it would be 70 million or 80 million at most.
So what's the population of China today? Now it has broken through to1400 million.
In other words, the population of China today is 20 times that of the Tang Dynasty. According to the population distribution and lifestyle of the Tang Dynasty, the territory of China today is at least 20 times that of the Tang Dynasty.
What is the truth? During the Longshuo period of the Tang Dynasty, the territorial area reached nearly12.37 million square kilometers. Today, the area of China is 9.6 million square kilometers, which is not only more than that of the Tang Dynasty, but also much less than that of the Tang Dynasty.
Architectural system
In the Tang Dynasty, there was also a system about architecture called Wu Le Gong Ming. Due to the low productivity in ancient times, in order to ensure that there would be no rough and disorderly construction, the emperor stipulated that brick workers should engrave handprints on their responsible parts.
Later, there was a flaw in that place, and the worker who made the disclosure was found according to the handprint.
So many people who have been to Little Wild Goose Pagoda can still find some bricks engraved with handprints on the Little Wild Goose Pagoda.
But now our productivity is not as good as that at that time, and it is all mechanized production. How can I carve handprints on bricks?
Of course, these two aspects can't be compared with the present Tang Dynasty, but in the Tang Dynasty, there were still a few buildings like Little Wild Goose Pagoda.
I think it's not that the rulers are not afraid of earthquakes, but that this kind of building consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, and only some special buildings can use this architectural technique.
Although our current housing supply is not tight, it is definitely not plentiful, as can be seen from some high-rise buildings.
However, housing can be completed by building height, but more and more vehicles cannot be parked effectively.
Therefore, most buildings are low and underground parking lots are built, and it is even more impossible to build this tumbler foundation.
In addition, this tumbler foundation covers a large area, and now the building spacing of the community is simply unacceptable for the construction of this foundation.
Therefore, we can't strengthen the seismic capacity of buildings by changing the foundation, but I believe that today's technology is so developed that in the near future, we will be able to develop more scientific and effective seismic means.