Because of work, study or other reasons, many people can't go to the toilet when they feel comfortable (for example, in class, they can't live without work) or have no conditions (for example, they can't find a toilet), so they forcibly pull their stools back. After several such experiences, I gradually feel that the stool is difficult and dry, which leads to habitual constipation, that is, the stool frequency is less than that of healthy people, and the stool is hard and uncomfortable. After examination, there were no organic lesions in the intestine and anus. Long-term constipation, due to the harmful substances produced in the body can not be discharged in time, will be absorbed into the blood and cause abdominal distension, loss of appetite, bad breath in the mouth, irritability and other autotoxic symptoms; In addition to making the body fat and skin aging, it will also cause anemia, anal fissure, hemorrhoids and rectal ulcers, and increase the incidence of rectal cancer. Constipation itself does not cause fatal danger, but if you are older and suffer from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, constipation may be your fatal risk factor: constipation makes you have to exert yourself when defecating, so your blood pressure will rise and your oxygen consumption will increase, which may easily lead to cerebral hemorrhage, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, which is life-threatening. Therefore, it is very necessary to keep the stool unobstructed. Habitual constipation is caused by eating too little, or the food is too thin, lacking plant cellulose, so that the colon can not be stimulated to some extent, and the peristalsis is weakened, which causes constipation. Second, due to work, life and mental factors, you can't defecate in time, often inhibit defecation, or defecate improperly, and often take laxatives or lavage, which makes the rectum lose its sensitivity and slow response, and the feces accumulate for too long, leading to constipation. Third, constipation is due to mental depression or excessive excitement, bad living habits, and lack of sleep, which makes colon peristalsis abnormal or spasmodic. The stool interval of patients with habitual constipation varies from person to person, generally more than two days. The stool is hard and dry, or it is like sheep dung, and it is often accompanied by symptoms such as fullness in the left lower abdomen, fullness in the upper abdomen, belching, nausea, abdominal pain, bowel sounds, and increased exhaust. Long-term constipation can also cause symptoms such as loss of appetite, bitter taste, listlessness, dizziness, fatigue, body aches, headache and insomnia. Patients with long-term habitual constipation and frequent use of laxatives can easily lead to colonic pigmentation and melanosis. Please look at the image of melanosis coli. Intestinal X-ray examination showed that barium moved slowly or reversely in colon, but there was no organic change in colon. The key to treating habitual constipation is to establish scientific and reasonable defecation, diet and living habits. It is necessary to develop the habit of squatting in the toilet regularly every day (whether you have defecation or not at that time, can you discharge the stool), don't bear it when you have defecation, and go to defecation immediately, which is conducive to forming a conditioned reflex of normal defecation; Coarse grains, vegetables and fruits containing more plant cellulose should be added to the diet, and coarse and dull coarse grains such as standard flour, brown rice, sweet potato, mung bean, bean jelly, potato, corn and oatmeal should be eaten in moderation; Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, especially watermelon, banana, pear, apple, bitter gourd, cucumber, water chestnut, Chinese cabbage, celery, towel gourd, day lily and so on. Eat some dried fruits rich in oil, such as pine nuts, sesame seeds, walnuts and peanuts. Cold water, honey, etc. It also helps defecation; Eat less high-protein and high-cholesterol foods such as meat and animal offal, and eat less spicy and irritating foods; Combine work and rest in life, keep a good mood, and often participate in sports; Abdominal massage is also helpful for defecation. The method is to massage clockwise from the right abdomen to the left abdomen, once in the morning and once in the evening, 50- 100 times each time; Avoid taking drugs that can cause constipation, and do not abuse irritating laxatives. Refractory constipation can be treated with laxatives. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that constipation is caused by abnormal conduction function of large intestine. The following are the TCM dietotherapy methods for constipation: 1. Gastrointestinal dryness-heat type: excessive drinking and eating spicy food cause gastrointestinal heat accumulation, consumption of intestinal fluid, constipation, yellow urine, abdominal distension and pain, dry mouth and bad breath. Hemp seed pill, clearing heat and moistening intestines. Edible food: cold food, such as millet and diarrhea. No food: warm food that can strengthen yang and help heat, such as indica rice, walnut kernel, dog meat, mutton, chicken, river shrimp, sea shrimp, longan, litchi, chain fish, grass carp, Allium macrostemon Bunge, mustard, kidney bean, brown sugar and red dates. Spicy and warm food, such as pepper, leek, fennel, cinnamon, dried ginger, ginger, pepper, pepper, fennel, fennel, garlic, cardamom and so on. 2. Dietotherapy reference prescription A. Watermelon beverage: watermelon juice 150ml, pear juice 80ml, chinese cabbage juice 50ml, squeezed by juicer, then mixed and cooled. B. Millet and mung bean porridge: 20 grams of mung beans, boiled for 50 minutes, and 50 grams of millet, and it will be fine after the millet is boiled. Drink cold. C cold celery: 300g celery, cut into pieces, blanched in boiling water, cooled, added with salt, monosodium glutamate and sesame oil, and mixed well. 2. Qi stagnation type: emotional stagnation, excessive anxiety, or sedentary, leading to qi stagnation, abnormal downward movement, dereliction of duty in large intestine conduction, constipation, abdominal distension, belching, fullness in chest and hypochondrium, etc. , treated with Liu Mo soup. Edible foods: foods with the functions of soothing the liver and regulating qi, such as roses, rose flower dew, jasmine, Bai Meihua, jasmine tea, etc., have the functions of soothing the liver; Peas, sword beans, lychees, oranges, orange cakes, orange peels, Allium macrostemon, kohlrabi, mustard greens, Chinese cabbage, buckwheat, carrots, Amomum villosum, Amomum villosum, etc. all have the function of qi. Do not eat: greasy and harmful foods, such as glutinous rice, chestnuts, eggs, red dates, peanuts, longan meat, honey, etc. Foods that produce gas and contribute to flatulence, such as lentils, cowpeas, soybeans, broad beans, tofu, yams, etc. Foods with astringent effects, such as lotus seeds, gordon euryales, pomegranate, dark plum, etc. 2. Dietotherapy reference A. Pea porridge: 80 grams of peas, boiled with a small amount of water, added with 100 ml rose flower dew, and boiled. B. Beef stewed with carrots: 65,438+000g lean beef, cut into small pieces, add water, appropriate amount of salt, orange peel and hawthorn, stew with slow fire until cooked, then add 200g carrot strips and 6g Amomum villosum, and stew carrots until cooked. C. Chinese cabbage buckwheat noodles: 100g Chinese cabbage (cabbage, Chinese cabbage) is shredded, stir-fried, then boiled with salted beef soup and monosodium glutamate, and cooked in a bowl; Buckwheat flour 100g is scalded into hard dough with boiling water, cut into thin strips with a knife and put into a boiling water pot. After cooking, pick it up and put it in a pot, drop some sesame oil, and sprinkle a dozen washed fresh rose petals on the dough. Deficiency of both qi and blood: deficiency of spleen-qi leads to weak conduction of large intestine, deficiency of blood leads to exhaustion of body fluid, which can not moisten large intestine, resulting in constipation, fatigue and discomfort after defecation, and the stool is not hard. If accompanied by sweating and shortness of breath, it is qi deficiency constipation. Pale, dizzy, palpitation and insomnia blood deficiency constipation. Qi deficiency constipation is treated with Astragalus Decoction for invigorating qi and moistening intestine, while blood deficiency constipation is treated with Runchang Pill for nourishing blood and moistening intestine. Edible food: foods with the function of nourishing blood and relaxing bowels, such as pork, duck, milk, eggs, bird's nest, auricularia, tremella, sea cucumber, red dates, longan, litchi, grapes, peanuts, pine nuts, sesame seeds, peaches, brown sugar, carrots, spinach, etc. The production of blood depends on the absorption of nutrients in food by the spleen and stomach. Therefore, nourishing the spleen and stomach is helpful to nourish yin and blood. Therefore, the food suitable for this syndrome should also be spleen-strengthening foods, such as japonica rice, crispy rice, cooked lotus root, beef, meatless, potatoes, mushrooms and so on. Avoid eating: foods that are warm in nature but fortunately dry in taste and easy to consume heat and hurt yin and blood, such as indica rice, dog meat, mutton, chain fish, grass carp, pepper, cinnamon, dried ginger, pepper, fennel, mustard, dried tangerine peel, garlic and cardamom. Foods with astringent effects, such as ebony, lotus seeds, gordon euryales, pomegranate, etc. Stagnation of stool should also be avoided. 4. Spleen-kidney yang deficiency type: vegetarian body yang deficiency, or after illness, postpartum, old age, spleen-kidney yang deficiency, yang deficiency, yin-cold condensation, intestinal conduction difficulty, leading to constipation, difficulty in excretion, long urination, fear of cold and warmth, abdominal cold pain, etc. The treatment method is to use Jichuan decoction to moisten and relieve constipation. Edible foods: foods that are warm in nature, tonify kidney-yang and warm spleen-yang, such as indica rice, dog meat, mutton, chicken, pork belly, garlic, leeks, peppers, kidney beans and cinnamon. People with yang deficiency and constipation should eat foods that are both warm and laxative, such as walnut kernels, macrostemon macrostemon, sea cucumbers and shrimps. People who have diarrhea due to yang deficiency should eat warm and antidiarrheal foods, such as glutinous rice, chain fish, river shrimp, dried ginger and pepper. Foods with astringent and antidiarrheal effects, such as pomegranate, dark plum, lotus seed, gordon euryales, etc. Avoid eating: foods that are cold, easy to hurt yang, or greasy and difficult to digest, such as japonica rice, buckwheat, naked oats, tofu, pork, duck, pine nuts, peanuts, black fungus, bitter gourd, water bamboo, celery, wax gourd, eggplant, spinach, longan, banana, honey, etc. Constipation due to yang deficiency also needs to avoid foods that can stop diarrhea and aggravate constipation, such as lotus seeds, pomegranate, Euryale euryales, dark plum, glutinous rice, river shrimp and so on. Diarrhea due to yang deficiency also needs to avoid foods with laxative effect, such as walnut kernel, sesame, tremella, sea cucumber, shrimp, milk, rabbit meat, longan, peach and radish. 2. For dietotherapy, refer to Party A's mutton soup: 80g of cooked lean mutton, with the back of a knife cut into mud, put into a bowl, inject 60 ml of mutton soup, add a little fresh ginger juice, garlic paste, cooking wine, monosodium glutamate, salt and starch, mix well, steam in a cage for 45 minutes, and eat while it is hot. B, diced Chili chicken: 100g Chili, crushed to the size of a thumb nail; 60 grams of chicken breast, cut into cubes, simmer with cooking wine, salt, fresh ginger juice and garlic paste, stir-fry in oil pan until it is nine-cooked, then stir-fry Chili peppers in oil pan until it is seven-cooked, add diced chicken, stir-fry, put on a plate, add appropriate amount of salt and monosodium glutamate to chicken soup, pour the juice on diced chicken and Chili peppers, and eat while it is hot. C. Walnut porridge (suitable for constipation due to yang deficiency): 30 grams of walnut kernels are ground into paste, 50 ml of hot water is injected and mixed evenly, and the juice is filtered; 50 grams of indica rice boiled porridge. After the rice is cooked, add walnut juice and cook. When no walnuts generate oil and gas, you can eat them while they are hot. D. glutinous rice porridge (suitable for diarrhea due to yang deficiency): 50g of glutinous rice and 250ml of dog broth, boiled to a thin paste with slow fire, and served while it is hot.