Zeng Guofan was smart and studious since childhood. 65,438+06 years old, scholar. At the age of 24, he won a promotion. He suffered from the hardships and loneliness of "no room for ten years in a cold window". Poor reading often makes him feel "tinnitus is not limited, and he feels tired with a little effort." But at that time, because of his high spirits, he didn't notice what effect his physical weakness would have on his career. Later, due to the heavier and heavier things he undertook, the disease became a chronic disease that plagued him all his life. In June of the 20th year of Daoguang (1840), Zeng Guofan was seriously ill, and his physical condition deteriorated seriously. When Zeng Guofan realized that his body had to be maintained, he wrote in his diary: "If you don't maintain it, you will be confined to unfilial." How can the ointment that will be exhausted be quickly used up by the wind? How can Mu Zhi use cattle and sheep as budding trees? If you lose your support, there is nothing to lose. What should I do if my blood is insufficient? "In his later years, he realized the importance of physical health care, began to explore and study health care methods, and gradually formed his health care concept. Mao Zedong mentioned in the article "Sports Research" that he learned "the method of sleeping and washing feet after meals, which benefited a lot".
Taoist Health-keeping Concept of "Chen Junyi Lao"
Zeng Guofan once said: "You can be a gentleman only if you keep your thoughts and get rid of your troubles." If you walk often and your muscles are constantly moving, I'll call the minister. "Zeng Guofan especially advocated the Taoist idea of keeping in good health. He wrote in the letter: "The key to keeping in good health is the word" second child ". "The' Junyi' he said is nourishing the heart, and the word' Guang' should be used as medicine to cure the heart". That is to say, people should be pure, broad-minded, pay attention to "quietness" and "abstinence", achieve the purpose of self-cultivation through spiritual cultivation, maintain a good mental state and pursue mental health, and put forward this as the "quietness" way of health preservation. What he said is that people should exercise their limbs regularly and be in a certain state of fatigue, so that their bones and muscles can be healthy and their bodies can remain healthy. This is a "dynamic" regimen.
Zeng Guofan believes that health care should "punish grievances, eat less and work harder". "punishing anger", that is, the so-called less anger; "Kill desire", that is, know how to save money. In his view, a strong man is like a rich man getting richer by abstaining from luxury; The infirm, like the poor, can gradually become rich through thrift and meanness. "Thrift" doesn't just mean abstinence from food and sex. Although he has repeatedly stressed to his family that "reading keeps me upright", he also believes that reading should be moderate and not excessive. He hung a plaque at home, which said, "Be less angry and keep fit", reminding himself at all times, and said in a letter to his subordinates, "Over the years, many sad events have happened between the flesh and blood. If you lack energy, you will force yourself to solve it. If you are indifferent, you will entrust it to Zhuang Zhou and Liu Ling's disciples. "
In order to be less angry, he put forward "handsome and ambitious" and "static braking". He thought that there were two main reasons why seriously ill people could last. One is handsome and ambitious, and the other is static braking. People are tired and weak, but they are also weak. Strong-willed people can take corresponding measures according to the change of qi to calm it down. If you are sleepy in the morning, you should get up reluctantly to make yourself excited; If you are bored, you should sit up and concentrate. This is the saying "handsome and ambitious". A person who has been ill for a long time is afraid of death, and his soul and dreams will not be quiet. To eradicate the name of life, the things behind you, and all other thoughts naturally have a natural meaning. When you are calm, your disease resistance will be enhanced and your body will gradually improve. This is the method of "static braking". Whether it is "handsome and ambitious" or "static braking", it refers to mental conditioning to keep people in a positive mental state. This theory of recuperation, even from the perspective of modern medical care, is scientific and worthy of attention by future generations.
Attach importance to the concept of natural aftercare.
He believes that "the word' myrrh' should be used as medicine to cure the body." When he said "don't take medicine", he meant not to trust medicine too much when you are sick. Zeng Guofan was influenced by his grandfather's warning of "not believing in medicine" since childhood. He believes that "although medicine is beneficial, it will also cause harm and should not be taken lightly" and opposes the frequent use of Dan medicine for treatment. In his later years, because he advocated inaction, his concept of health preservation was also precious. In his letter to his son, he said: "Although you are weak and sick, you should only rest and not attack rashly." It can be seen that he paid great attention to natural recuperation, which may also be related to the poor medical conditions and many quacks at that time, which made people taboo about medical treatment.
Diligence leads to longevity, and leisure leads to death.
Zeng Guofan said that "the more the spirit is used, the more it comes out" and "the more bitter the wisdom, the brighter it becomes". Zeng Guofan worked hard all his life, worked hard and worked hard, and founded the theory of "five arrivals". He delights in diligence and self-motivation, saying that "a gentleman has three pleasures" and regards "diligence and rest" as one of the three pleasures. At that time, the world was difficult, and only hard work could strengthen our bones and muscles, temper our will, do our best for our country and maintain our health. He said: "Ancient sages and sages were all diligent and self-motivated. For a plan, you must practice your skills, temper your bones and muscles, worry about things, and worry about things, so that you can live a long and wise life ... diligence leads to life, and leisure leads to death. " This is the expression of Zeng Guofan's emphasis on moral cultivation in health preservation. He was in an extraordinary period in the history of China. He worked hard all his life and worked hard. He was a famous minister in the late Qing Dynasty and left an immortal reputation for his morality and contribution.
Pay attention to the concepts of diet and sleep.
Zeng Guofan attached great importance to diet and sleep. He often said: "The way to keep in good health is to understand the word" food and sleep "with your heart. This is very important. Huangdi Neijing summarizes the working hours of twelve organs of human body, and regards "moderate diet and regular daily life" as the cornerstone of health and longevity. Many diseases of modern people are caused by irregular life. Many people sit for half a day, seldom exercise, often hold their urine, and are prone to gallstones, especially the office workers now, who eat irregularly and are prone to gastrointestinal diseases. Zeng Guofan attached great importance to diet and sleep. He often said: "The way to keep in good health is to understand the word" food and sleep "with your heart. Eating is a daily meal, but the sweetness is better than precious drugs. I didn't sleep much, but dreaming is really sweet, even for a moment is a lifetime. In his letter to his family, he said: "Ji Ze is also a weak person. He should study hard from the word' sleep and eat'. So, sleep to nourish yin and eat to nourish yang. Sleeping for a certain time is expensive, but don't think too much; Feeding is also expensive for a certain period of time, so don't be too full. "
In his letter to his family, he said: "Jize is also weak, so he should study hard from sleeping and eating." So, sleep to nourish yin and eat to nourish yang. Sleeping for a certain time is expensive, but don't think too much; Feeding is also a certain time, and it is forbidden to be full. "He stressed that eating and drinking should be regular and regular. Although eating and sleeping is only a trivial and routine thing in daily life, it is a major and important thing from the perspective of health care, which has a great impact on physical and mental health. It is also the embodiment of Zeng Guofan's efforts to sum up the truth from daily trifles.
The concept of strong bones and muscles.
In Confucius' time, all scholars had to learn six arts: etiquette, music, archery, imperial examination, calligraphy and mathematics, including morality, intelligence, physique and beauty. Among them, archery refers to archery, which is not only a survival and combat skill, but also a physical exercise. The Zeng children are not very strong. Zeng Guofan emphasized in his family letter that family children should learn archery. "Shooting is enough to learn prestige, strengthen bones and muscles, and children should learn more." "The children of the younger generation at home are weak and learning to shoot is the most adequate maintenance."
Love the idea of leisure and the cultivation of poetry, calligraphy and chess.
Zeng Guofan concluded: "A hundred words a day will greatly converge the impetuous place. Be cautious and converge, and be calm and converge. Suitable for words, the deeper, the more suitable for home. " He has always been interested in calligraphy and became a famous calligrapher in the late Qing Dynasty. He didn't practice calligraphy for the sake of practicing calligraphy. He regards practicing calligraphy as a way to cultivate patience and exercise. Zeng Guofan also loves Weiqi, which helps him to change his mind and relax his body and mind after busy military affairs, and can also calm his emotions and converge his body and mind in times of crisis and tension.