The best sowing date of rape seeds is August ~165438+1October every year, during which the rape seeds sown have the highest germination rate and the best growth.
How to sow rape seeds with the highest germination rate?
1. Select high-quality rape seeds with full grains.
2. Choose the land with abundant sunshine and good drainage system for sowing.
3. Prepare soil in advance, weed, fertilize and water.
4. The sowing depth can be kept at about 2~3 cm.
Rape planting techniques:
1. Select varieties. Choosing a good variety is the key to high yield of rapeseed, which requires high yield, high quality ("double low", high oil content and so on. ) and high resistance (lodging resistance, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum resistance, etc.). ), such as Zhongshuang 1 1, Huaza 9, Changzayou 2 and 3.
2. Choose a good seedbed. Choose dry land or vegetable garden soil with loose and fertile soil, convenient irrigation and drainage, flat terrain and no rape planted for more than 2 years as seedbed. Seedbed area: The best ratio of field area is 1:5-6.
2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer. Before sowing, the seedbed should be carefully arranged, and the decomposed pig cow dung 1.25 tons, ammonium bicarbonate 20 kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 25 kg and potassium chloride 6 kg should be mixed and stacked for about 10 days, and the seedbed arrangement should be used as the base fertilizer of the land.
3. Sow in time. The sowing date of rapeseed is in the first half of September, and it is evenly sown according to the ratio of borax+fireclay +0.4-0.5 kg rapeseed per mu. Before sowing, the border surface should be kept at a certain humidity, and irrigation should be done in time in case of dry weather, otherwise the seedling emergence rate will be greatly affected. After sowing, cover with fireclay ash and spray acetochlor on the surface of the compartment when it is wet to prevent weeds from growing.
4. timely interplanting. After emergence, interplant at 1 leaf stage 1 time, set seedlings before 3 leaves, remove small seedlings, weak seedlings, diseased seedlings and miscellaneous seedlings, remove dense seedlings and make up sparse seedlings, and preferably set seedlings at 70~ 100 plants /m2. Spraying 30 grams of paclobutrazol and 50 kilograms of water per mu on the seedbed after seedling formation can cultivate stocky seedlings; Pest control: Rapeseed seedlings mainly control cabbage caterpillar, aphid, ape leaf worm, cutworm and other pests.
Matters needing attention in rape planting:
Lighting: It is a long-day plant, which has a great demand for lighting, so it can accept all-day sunshine. If it is a potted plant, it is best to keep it in a sunny place, and the daily illumination time should be guaranteed to be more than six hours.
Fertilization: fast consumption of nutrients, especially in the growing period. In addition to the base fertilizer used in the soil before planting, it needs to be fertilized three or four times during the whole growth period. Fertilizer seeds should use fertilizer seeds with comprehensive fertilizer efficiency, and human and animal manure can also be used. When applying fertilizer, it should be noted that the fertilizer cannot directly contact the plants, otherwise it will burn the plants.
Watering: it likes humidity, especially during the development period, and needs a lot of water. When the temperature is high, it needs to be watered once every two days, and when the temperature is low, it needs to be watered two or three times a week. Therefore, in order to promote the growth of pods, it is necessary to control watering in the future.
Temperature: heat-resistant but not cold-resistant, not suitable for planting in the north. Most areas are in the southwest. If the curing temperature is above 20 degrees, it can grow normally.