The word "Qigong" was first seen in Xu Xun's Annals of Pure and Clear Education. Xu Xun was the real Xu Jingyang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The Emperor of the Song Dynasty named Xu Jingyang as "a true gentleman, with vast magical powers". In Yuan He Pian published in the late Qing Dynasty, there was also a supplement to Qigong. Are clearly marked with the word "Qigong".
Introduction originated at the end of primitive society. At that time, the environment was harsh and there were many diseases. In order to eliminate diseases, someone once invented a dance, which is said to "benefit joints" and play the role of "dancing to publicize diseases". These dance movements are the origin of ancient instruction.
Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, under the direct influence of Taoism, people have gradually formed a unified thought of "unity of form and spirit" and a health-keeping thought of combining exercise and rest, thus opening a brand-new page with oriental mystery in the ancient history of health-keeping in China. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Taoism was very popular and was valued by "immortals" and doctors at that time. Later, it was inherited and developed by Taoism as one of the cultivation methods. It is believed that it has the functions of regulating camp and health, eliminating Shui Gu, eliminating cold, nourishing blood, curing all diseases and even prolonging life, and is used to treat diseases such as muscle atrophy, joint rotation disorder or blood-gas imbalance caused by cold and heat. With the rapid development of science and culture. During this period, the ideas and methods of health preservation are improving day by day.
Zhuangzi, a famous thinker in the Warring States Period, summarized guidance as the combination of nourishing qi and form. "Zhuangzi Deliberately" records: "Breathe, get rid of the old and bring forth the new, and the bear will live a long life. This is a leader, and a young man. Peng Zushou's candidate is also good. " The explanation of guidance in this passage is vivid and concrete. "Getting rid of the old and absorbing the new" is a kind of breathing exercise to exercise internal organs. "Bears passing by birds" imitate the actions of animals, such as bears hanging from trees and birds stretching in the air. These physical exercises exercise muscles and bones. In summing up the effect of exercise, he pointed out that "it is only for longevity", that is, exercise can make people live longer. Finally, he took the legendary Peng Zu as an example to show that whoever lives long is a tour guide enthusiast.
Physical strength and mental power are often linked. The three elements of Qigong instruction are "regulating body", "regulating breath" and "regulating heart", which also shows the important role of physical and mental coordination. Adjusting body refers to the natural relaxation of posture, which is the premise of qigong breathing smoothly and inducing mental relaxation. Pranayama refers to changing chest breathing into abdominal breathing, shallow breathing into deep breathing, and finally practicing spontaneous abdominal breathing through exercise. Adjusting the mind means that the mind has no distractions, and focusing on one point means staying in the abdomen or paying attention to breathing.
Legend has it that during the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao led an army to a place without water, and the soldiers were very thirsty. Cao Cao said that there is a Merlin in front, where they can pick plums to eat. Hearing this, the soldier's mouth was full of sour water, which temporarily relieved his thirst. This is the famous story of looking at plums to quench thirst. This also reflects the ancient wisdom of using psychology to mobilize physiology. Later, some people demonstrated this magical physiological reaction through experiments-this is a conditioned reflex: dogs can also cause visceral reactions when they hear the bell or see food, and then drool or peristalsis, which shows that the cerebral cortex can control the internal organs. The same is true of Qigong instruction, which also shows that the purpose of health care and rehabilitation can be achieved through the combination of posture, breathing and mind, which shows the exquisite wisdom of the ancients. Among the health qigong that has been circulated since ancient times, the most widely used ones are "Wuqinxi", "Yijinjing" and "Baduanjin".
Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in the Three Kingdoms period, summed up and extended the introduction technique, thus creating the most famous "five-beast play", namely, tiger play, deer play, bear play, ape play and bird play. It is a set of bionic exercises with national characteristics, which combines the theory of viscera, meridians and qi and blood in traditional Chinese medicine. It has obvious fitness effect and has long been welcomed by health families and people in past dynasties.
Yijinjing originated in ancient China, which is a fitness method aimed at strengthening bones and muscles. It emphasizes the flexion, extension, torsion and pulling of limbs, especially the spine, so as to enhance the regulation of the spinal cord. Shaolin Temple monks played an important role in the spread of Yijin Jing, which was adapted for fitness. Modern research shows that the simplified Yijinjing adapted by later generations according to modern fitness theory has a good effect on enhancing the functions of cardiovascular system, respiratory system and digestive system, as well as the balance, flexibility and muscle strength of the body.
"Baduanjin" originated before the Song Dynasty and gradually developed and improved in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is a traditional fitness method created by health practitioners and practitioners in past dynasties. Because its movements are easy to learn and its fitness effect is good, it is a treasure in China's health culture and has been deeply loved by people. Through research and testing, practicing Baduanjin is helpful to improve the functions of respiratory system, nervous system and circulatory system. Enhance cellular immune function and anti-aging ability, thus promoting mental health, improving strength, balance and joint flexibility of upper and lower limbs.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the role of guidance is to exercise and exercise through various training means, thus strengthening the gasification of the human body. In ancient times, it was also called "the way of metaplasia". In fact, gas exchange, food digestion, blood circulation, body fluid transportation, waste excretion, etc. in the human body are a physiological metabolic process. People strengthen this physiological metabolism process through exercise, so as to achieve the functions of balancing yin and yang, regulating qi and blood, dredging meridians, nourishing qi, strengthening body resistance and eliminating evil spirits, and strengthening bones and muscles. On the one hand, it can guide the treatment of diseases, on the other hand, it can preserve health.
Introduction to Qigong, as an indispensable part of China traditional culture, has attracted the attention of modern doctors. People can achieve the goal of guidance, disease prevention and health care as long as they exercise their limbs slowly according to their methods, so that the whole body can harmonize qi and blood and the meridians are unobstructed. Modern people have always attached importance to exercise and health preservation, as well as yoga fitness introduced from India, all of which began in ancient times.
Introduction to Qigong is just one of the means of fitness. Some people carry out feudal superstitious propaganda under the guise of qigong, and even advocate the magical effect of qigong, which must be opposed and resisted.