The first theory is that Yongzheng was beheaded by Lv Siniang. During the Yongzheng period, a man named Lv Liuliang was severely punished in the literary inquisition. But it is said that his daughter, a granddaughter, Lv Siniang escaped the law. She studied under the teacher and was proficient in martial arts. Then I tried to dress up in the palace. I saw an opportunity to chop off Yongzheng's head and avenge her father/grandfather. This legend is very vivid. How can Yongzheng be sent out in mourning without a head? It is said that there was a golden head on the shelf, so it was buried in the Tailing of Yongzheng. Many experts believe that Yongzheng was killed by Lv Siniang after textual research, which is unlikely, because Lv Liuliang's daughter could not escape because of strict control at that time. To say the least, even if she runs away, she can't get into the palace. Even if she enters the palace, she has no chance to kill Yongzheng. So this is just a vivid and interesting story made up by a unofficial history novel here.
The second theory is that Cao Xueqin, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, had a lover named Joo Sang wook, who was very beautiful and could sing and dance well. She was attracted by Yongzheng and took her to the palace. He took away Cao Xueqin's love, so Cao Xueqin secretly contacted Joo Sang wook. Although Joo Sang wook was in the palace, he was still thinking about Cao Xueqin, so he saw the opportunity and murdered Yongzheng. This is also the words of unofficial history's novels, which have no historical basis and cannot be believed.
The third is the statement in Brahma Record that Yongzheng was strangled by a maid-in-waiting, but he was almost saved again. I think this story belongs to replacing trees with flowers. There is such a story in the Ming Dynasty. In the twenty-first year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, Emperor Jiajing was very angry with the maids. Because Jiajing took alchemy medicine, he sometimes had a bad temper and often whipped the maids. There is a maid-in-waiting named Yang. One night, Emperor Jiajing tied Jiajing's neck with yellow silk while sleeping. Because I was particularly nervous, I tied a fast knot in my panic. She thought she was strangled, and another maid-in-waiting involved was afraid. She quickly told the queen about it. The queen rushed over and saw Jiajing was dead. The queen hurriedly ordered the physician to call Xu Shen. I thought the problem was serious when I came, so I took emergency medicine and cured it. Four hours later, Jiajing made a sound. Then, according to historical records, "Jiajing vomited several liters of purple blood". Later, after a period of conditioning, Jiajing was resurrected, and of course, Yang and others were killed. This thing is true and recorded in history. It is said that when Emperor Jiajing slept at night, this room had 3,927 beds, and others didn't know which bed he slept in. Later, I asked the gentleman in the Forbidden City if he had found out if his bed was twenty-seven. He said it was impossible to take the exam, because it was a matter of the Ming Dynasty and the pattern of the Qing Dynasty changed. Jiajing was strangled by a maid-in-waiting and was later rescued. This is a historical fact. I have seen North Korea's A Record of the Li Dynasty, and North Korea's envoys came to the Ming Dynasty and made a detailed record of this matter. The story we just told is to move the story of the Ming Dynasty to Yongzheng, which may have been compiled in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China to fight against Manchuria. But it can be solemnly said that this is not a historical fact.
Fourthly, some scholars have verified that Yongzheng died of a stroke. Many scholars agree with this view, but there is no conclusive evidence that he died of a stroke. Let's count.
The fifth theory is that he was poisoned by Dan. After he became seriously ill in the middle of Yongzheng, he personally wrote an imperial edict, asking local officials to recommend famous doctors and magicians to the palace to treat him and help him with health care. Yongzheng who wants to live forever is recommended everywhere. Later, there were two great Taoist priests, one named Zhang Taixu and the other named Wang Dinggan. After they arrived at the palace, the two great Taoist priests helped Yongzheng refine Dan medicine and gave them magic. Yongzheng really believed in Taoism. In Gan Qing Palace, in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, in other places, in some places, altars were set up to worship the memorial tablets of Taoist gods. Later, Yongzheng was in Yuanmingyuan for a long time. He sent people to Yuanmingyuan to deliver a large amount of alchemy medicine. Before he died, he sent 200 kilograms of black lead two days ago. Yongzheng once sent 157 times the items needed for alchemy in five years, which were recorded in the First Historical Archives as working files. Not only did he take the pills of the alchemist himself, but he also trusted those ministers and sent people to eat them. Yongzheng took pills of an alchemist for a long time, and some heavy metals such as mercury, lead and selenium may be poisoned. It should be said that the death of Yongzheng was related to lead poisoning and Dan poisoning. According to statistics, as many as 14 people died in the history of China. Now, according to the archives of the imperial court, Yongzheng's death is an official record, which may be a normal death or a death caused by taking Dan medicine poisoning. I think it may be a variety of reasons, and finally Yongzheng died at the age of 58.
Alchemy is the most basic cultivation method of Taoism seeking immortality. The so-called Dan is divided into inner Dan and outer Dan. Waidan refers to natural mineral medicines such as cinnabar, lead, mercury and sulfur as raw materials, which are fired by a furnace tripod. Inner elixir is a kind of elixir refined by Inner elixir, which makes essence, qi and spirit converge in the body and achieves the purpose of health preservation and longevity. Most emperors who fantasize about immortality are obsessed with Dan medicine. Yongzheng was the last emperor in the history of China who was keen on alchemy.
Yongzheng became interested in Taoist medicine stones when he was in the imperial palace. He once wrote a poem "Burning Dan": "Draw sand as medicine, pine and cypress around the cloud altar. The furnace contains yin and yang fire, both inside and outside. " It can be seen that Yongzheng knew something about "internal and external Dan medicine" in his early years. After Yongzheng acceded to the throne, he admired Zhang Boduan, the founder of Painan Sect at that time, and praised him for "inventing the essence of that time".
At the latest, from the 4th year of Yongzheng (1726), Yongzheng often took "Ji Ji Dan" refined by Taoist priests. He was convinced that it was effective and gave it to his pet to be obedient. On November 15th, the fourth year of Yongzheng, E Ertai presented a letter, saying that Ji Ji Dan given by the emperor a month ago was "very effective". Yongzheng replied that it is particularly good to combine Ji and He. Yongzheng also advised Tian Wenjing to eat Dan with peace of mind, saying: "This Dan show is exquisite and the effect is very different. Take it boldly, don't doubt it. This is a good medicine. I know best. "
In the spring and summer of the eighth year of Yongzheng, Yongzheng was seriously ill and often saved his life. Zhu Yu, written in calligraphy by Yongzheng, ordered hundreds of domestic and foreign officials to visit famous doctors and skilled warlocks on a large scale. This winter, Yongzheng began to make an alchemy in Yuanmingyuan. This is a confidential event, which is not recorded in official history. However, some clues were revealed in the secret archives of the Qing palace, and some original records in the work archives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs revealed some information about Yongzheng alchemy. The earliest related records in this file are November and December of the eighth year of Yongzheng. Here's an example: "1February 15, Liu, the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the ambassador of Taiyuan Hospital, and Li Jinzhong, the four deacons, interpreted at the same time: Yuanmingyuan Village used mining silver 120 liang, black charcoal 100 jin, and good coal 200 jin. Remember this. (into the box) "can be analyzed here.
First, several files show that the transfer of goods is classified as "box work". As a rule, the fuel used in the ration box is only used to cook the glue paste needed to bond the wooden cases and cartons. However, according to statistics, during this one-month period, 4,400 Jin of Sang Mu and coal were actually consumed. Obviously, its use is not limited to making boxes.
Secondly, the places where texts are spread and used are all in Xiu Qing Village, which is located in the southeast corner of Yuanmingyuan, facing the mountains and the water. It is very secluded and a good place for secret activities.
Third, besides Yongzheng's confidant, Liu, a messenger and an imperial court ambassador, is also involved, which should be noticed. Fourthly, more importantly, there is a lot of fuel in the material, as well as "12 ounce mineral silver" and "silver melt". It can be inferred that at the end of the eighth year of Yongzheng, in Xiu Qing Village of Yuanmingyuan, an alchemist was burned for Yongzheng.
As soon as the furnace of Yongzheng Dan was opened, the burning fire did not go out. There are more and more such records in the work files of Yongzheng from nine to thirteen years. For example, in the 9th and 10th years of Yongzheng, Nanxun Hall merged with Tousuo, 4th, 6th and Xiushan Hall of Yuanmingyuan, 11th year of Yongzheng, 12th and 13th years of Yongzheng. According to records, Yongzheng used 192 tons of coal and 42 tons of carbon during this period, and also used a lot of iron, copper, lead utensils and silver, copper, black lead, sulfur and other mineral products. According to statistics, during the 59-month period from November of the eighth year of Yongzheng to August of the thirteenth year of Yongzheng, * * * used the items needed for alchemy 157 times, with an average of more than two and a half times a month, and the locations were basically in Yuanmingyuan.
According to records, the Taoist priests who made an alchemy for Yongzheng mainly included Zhang Taixu, Wang Dinggan and others. They are proficient in "health preservation" and "fire refining theory" and are in charge of the furnace refining in Yuanmingyuan. Zhang Taixu and Wang Dinggan lived up to Yongzheng's expectations and refined one furnace after another. Yongzheng felt good after taking it, and gave it to what he liked. According to the work records, in March and April of the twelfth year of Yongzheng, Yongzheng awarded "Dan Medicine" twice, once on March 2 1 day, giving a box to General Chalang and other four people, and once on April 1, giving a box to Rank Minister Da Nai. Both files have the words "Minister Hai Wang handed over Dan medicine", and both of them were handed out by "Letters from Yuanmingyuan". It can be seen that these royal "elixirs" are all extracted from the royal alchemy point in Yuanmingyuan.
However, throughout history, the desire for immortality is always accompanied by the tragedy of Fu Dan's death, which is repeated in the imperial family. In ancient China, 15 and 16 emperors died of Dan medicine poisoning. It is the desire for a long life that leads to rapid death. It turns out that the so-called elixir is "pregnant with great poison" Minerals such as lead, mercury, sulfur and arsenic used in alchemy all contain toxins, which do great harm to the five internal organs of human brain. From this point of view, the elixir aimed at longevity is tantamount to poison that harms people. Yongzheng, who served Dan, could not escape the bad luck of Dan poisoning.
The sudden death of Yongzheng has always been a mystery. Now it seems that the "evidence" that Yongzheng died of Dan medicine poisoning seems to be more sufficient.
First of all, the speculation that Yongzheng was poisoned by Dan has always been the saying of Yongzheng's death. In recent years, with the excavation of the archives of the Qing Palace, the statement that Yongzheng died in the service of Dan has attracted more and more attention and recognition from historians.
According to records, it is normal for Yongzheng to take erysipelas all the year round, and toxic components accumulate in the body and eventually die of erysipelas.
Secondly, there is a record of lead used in Yuanmingyuan before Yongzheng's death in the work file, which is very noteworthy.
On August 9th, Yongzheng 13th year, "The ox tongue used in Yuanmingyuan No.2 Institute was 200 Jin of black lead". Black lead is a common raw material for an alchemist, and it is also a toxic metal. Excessive intake can cause death. Yongzheng died suddenly in Yuanmingyuan 12 days after this batch of black lead was transported. Historians believe that this is not an accidental coincidence, but a causal Dan medicine poisoning incident.
Third, there are many flaws in Qianlong's handling of foreigners. On the second day after Yongzheng's death, Qianlong ordered the expulsion of alchemists Zhang Taixu and Wang Dinggan. If this generation didn't cause great disaster, why did Qianlong lose his temper with two little Taoist priests when everything was waiting for him? Gan Long particularly emphasized that Gao yongzheng emperor "never listened to a word and never used a medicine" to Taoist alchemists. If you really don't take Dan's advice, isn't that a notice that there is no silver here? On the same day that Qianlong ordered the expulsion of Taoist priests, he also told eunuchs and maids not to spread "gossip" outside, "for fear that the queen mother would be unhappy when she heard it", and offenders were "righteous". All this makes people speculate that Yongzheng died in the hands of an alchemist.
Fourthly, the historical comparison of alchemists' disposal. Yongzheng took Dan's life, and the Taoist alchemist should have been put to death, but Qianlong was only "lenient expulsion." When I wrote the book "The Emperor and the Alchemist", I found that there were exactly the same events in history. According to the Book of Old Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong "took the longevity medicine of monk Hu and got an acute illness". Tang Gaozong, who was newly succeeded to the throne, was worried that the news that Emperor Taizong died after taking Dan medicine would become the laughing stock of the world, so he sent the Tianzhu alchemist who had taken Dan medicine back to his own country. It can be seen that the first emperor died in Dan, but the new emperor didn't want to make a mountain out of a molehill and drove away the alchemist. From the treatment of alchemists, can we also "prove" that Yongzheng was killed by Dan like Emperor Taizong?