Nutritional value, efficacy and function of vegetables. Vegetables are essential food for human body, providing necessary nutrition for human body. Many nutrients needed by human body come from vegetables. Let's take a look at the nutritional value, efficacy and function of vegetables.
Nutritional value and efficacy of vegetables 1 Tomato, also known as tomato, is rich in vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B 1, vitamin B2 and carotene.
Efficacy: clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, helping digestion and regulating gastrointestinal function; It can also reduce the content of cholesterol and is beneficial to hyperlipidemia. However, it should be noted that immature tomatoes should not be eaten, and a large number of tomatoes should not be eaten on an empty stomach; Patients with acute gastroenteritis should not eat tomatoes.
Cucumber contains vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin E, carotene, protein, sugar and so on.
Efficacy: rich in vitamins, it can make the skin better; Eating often can also refresh your breath. The fine cellulose contained in cucumber can help the body detoxify. And cucumber can reduce the discomfort after drinking.
Chinese cabbage is rich in vitamins, riboflavin, sugar, crude fiber, dietary fiber and antioxidants.
Efficacy: Helps digestion, clears away heat and annoys, quenches thirst and promotes diuresis. It contains less calories and is suitable for people who lose weight. Pectin contained in Chinese cabbage can help the human body eliminate excess cholesterol. Moreover, Chinese cabbage contains a small amount of molybdenum, which can play a certain role in preventing cancer.
Onion, with high nutritional value, is called "the queen of vegetables" abroad, and is rich in quercetin, prostaglandin A, vitamin C, potassium, folic acid, selenium and zinc.
Efficacy: What needs to be emphasized here is that prostaglandin A rich in onion can reduce blood pressure and blood viscosity. In addition, onions can stimulate appetite, help digestion, sterilize, resist colds, enhance metabolism and prevent osteoporosis.
Carrots are rich in carotene, vitamin B 1, vitamin B2 folic acid and other mineral elements, such as sucrose, starch, various amino acids, lignin, pectin and quercetin.
Efficacy: improving immunity, resolving phlegm, promoting digestion, relieving flatulence, lowering qi and relieving asthma; Reduce eye fatigue and dry eye; Can strengthen the peristalsis of the intestine, thereby relaxing the bowels. Anti-allergic, antioxidant, anti-aging, cold prevention and other effects.
Spinach is rich in carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamin K, calcium, iron and coenzyme.
Efficacy: enriching blood; Promote intestinal peristalsis, prevent and treat hemorrhoids; Promote growth and development and enhance disease resistance; Because it is rich in a variety of minerals and vitamins, it can supply a variety of nutrients to the human body; And eating more spinach can also reduce the risk of stroke.
Matters needing attention
In the process of eating, we must eat different vegetables reasonably and don't be partial to food.
Nutritional value and efficacy of vegetables 2 1, nutritional value of green vegetables
It is rich in folic acid, which plays an extremely important role in the fetus. Meanwhile, green vegetables are also a good source of calcium. These vegetables also contain more trace elements such as vitamin C, carotenoids, iron and selenium, which are the main sources of dietary fiber and can be used to lose weight.
2. Nutritional value of purple vegetables
Rich in anthocyanins, it has a strong antioxidant effect, can prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and can improve the body's immunity. Purple stands for vegetables: purple cabbage and purple onion. Nutritional value: rich in anthocyanins, it has strong antioxidant effect, can prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and improve human immunity.
3. Nutritional value of yellow and red vegetables
Rich in carotene and vitamin C, among which yellow vegetables are also rich in vitamin A and vitamin D, which can increase appetite, stimulate nervous system excitement, improve night blindness, relieve rough skin and strengthen bones. Red stands for vegetables: pumpkin, carrot, tomato and so on. Nutritional value: rich in carotene and vitamin C, among which yellow vegetables can stimulate appetite, improve night blindness, relieve rough skin and strengthen bones.
4. Nutritional value of black vegetables
Black vegetables can stimulate human endocrine and hematopoietic system. It is found that auricularia auricula contains an active substance that can inhibit tumor, which is related to reducing the risk of esophageal cancer, intestinal cancer and bone cancer.
5. Nutritional value of white vegetables
Rich in dietary fiber and trace elements such as potassium and magnesium, it has the functions of improving immunity and protecting the heart. It has a certain effect on regulating vision and stabilizing mood, and is beneficial to patients with hypertension and cardiomyopathy. White represents vegetables: white radish, lotus root, garlic, cauliflower and so on. Nutritional value: rich in dietary fiber and trace elements such as potassium and magnesium, it has the functions of improving immunity and protecting the heart.
Nutritional value, efficacy and function of vegetables 3 13 Nutritional value of common vegetables
First, cowpea
Cowpea not only contains protein and sugar, but also contains vitamins A, B 1, B2, C, calcium, amino acids, lysine and other nutrients, although the content is small, but relatively balanced. The nutritional value of green beans is close to that of ordinary vegetables, and it is a good food.
Because it contains a lot of dietary fiber, it can prevent constipation and colorectal cancer. Therefore, people with constipation should work hard on the intake method of cowpea to increase food intake and frequency. Cowpea juice can improve the condition of diabetes. White cowpea has the function of strengthening lung and trachea, and stops cough because of its expectorant effect. The protein content of Jiangdou Gan and mature cowpea is lower than that of cowpea, but the content of vitamin B 1 and B2 is higher.
Second, lentils
Lentils, also known as tea beans, southern beans, small beans, rattan beans and hedge beans, contain protein, tyrosinase, amino acids, cyanosides, fatty oils, phospholipids, cholesterol, glucose, galactose, alkaloids, carotene, vitamin C, potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc and crude cellulose. These substances are the basic elements of human nutrition.
Chinese medicine believes that lentils are flat and sweet, enter the spleen and stomach, and have the effects of strengthening the spleen and regulating the stomach, eliminating summer heat and eliminating dampness. It is often used to treat hiccups due to spleen deficiency, anorexia, chronic diarrhea, vomiting due to summer dampness, malnutrition in children, leucorrhea with red and white discharge, etc. Compendium of Materia Medica records that it can "stop diarrhea, relieve summer heat and warm the spleen and stomach". "Medical Mirror" thinks that it "clears away summer heat and nourishes the stomach, frying and invigorating the spleen and stopping diarrhea". Lentil coat also has the same effect as lentils, but its efficacy is weak, and it can be used for vomiting and diarrhea caused by summer heat.
Third, potatoes.
Potatoes are full of nutrients and rich in carbohydrates, accounting for 16.5%, which is higher than yam. Among them, carbohydrates mainly exist in the form of starch, most of which are high-quality starch, so potatoes can replace staple food in some cases. It contains more protein, accounting for 2.3%, which is obviously higher than ordinary fresh root vegetables. Moreover, protein is a complete protein with high content of essential amino acids such as lysine, which is of high nutritional value to human body. The fat content in potatoes is low, accounting for only 0. 1%. Potatoes also contain many vitamins, such as carotene, thiamine, riboflavin and vitamin C, among which the content of vitamin C is higher than that of carrots. Although the content of vitamins in potatoes is not very high, potatoes can be used as the main source of vitamins in the off-season of fruits and vegetables. In addition, potatoes also contain crude fiber and various minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium and magnesium, especially potassium and magnesium. Potatoes produce more than twice as much heat as grains, and are superior to rice and pasta in terms of nutrition. European and American experts believe that people can get all the nutrients they need by eating only whole milk and potatoes every meal.
Chinese medicine believes that potatoes are flat and sweet, and have the effects of harmonizing the stomach, invigorating qi and strengthening the spleen, strengthening the body and tonifying the kidney, diminishing inflammation, promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling. Can be used for treating dyspepsia, anorexia, habitual constipation, mental fatigue, muscle and bone injury, parotitis, joint pain, gastric and duodenal ulcer, chronic stomachache, skin eczema and other diseases.
Fourth, laver
Porphyra is particularly rich in nutrition, containing 38.2 grams of protein per100g, ranking first among all kinds of seaweed foods, almost the same as the protein contained in soybeans, 9 times that of mushrooms, 6 times that of rice and 3 times that of flour; Carbohydrate is 48.5%, ranking first among all kinds of bacteria and algae food; Low fat content, 0.2%. Vitamin A, vitamin B 1 and vitamin B2 are the top vegetables. Compared with animal liver, vitamin A is 67 times that of milk, much higher than beef, pig liver and eggs, and vitamin B2 is 9 times that of mushrooms. In addition, it also contains carotene, nicotinic acid, vitamin C, choline, various amino acids, chlorophyll, colloid, galactosidase and various minerals such as iodine, calcium, phosphorus and iron. These substances have high nutritional value for human body.
Chinese medicine believes that laver is cold, sweet and salty, and enters the lung meridian. It has many functions, such as resolving phlegm, softening hard mass, clearing away heat and diuresis, tonifying kidney and nourishing heart, lowering blood pressure and promoting human metabolism. Can be used for treating goiter, tuberculosis of cervical lymph nodes, wet beriberi, chronic bronchitis, cough, night blindness, anemia, edema and other diseases. Modern and practical Chinese medicine says that it can "treat edema, stranguria, wet beriberi, goiter, chronic bronchitis and cough". "Notes on Materia Medica" holds that it can "cure scabies, and people with beriberi should eat it".
Verb (abbreviation for verb) Chili
Pepper is rich in nutrition, and the vitamin C content per100g of pepper is as high as 185mg, ranking first among vegetables. Vitamin B2, carotene, calcium, iron and other minerals are also rich, which can improve the immune function of pregnant women.
Pepper is rich in vitamin C, and its seeds also contain Zanthoxylum bungeanum oil, which is an effective component in medicine. It's a cold-dispelling medicine, which has the effect of exciting nerves. It can be used for treating and preventing gastrointestinal fullness and abdominal distension caused by dyspepsia.
Six, day lily
Day lily is also called "day lily", and plants are called "day lily" and "girl without worry". It has high nutritional value and contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus and various vitamins. In particular, the content of carotene is very high, ranking among the best in vegetables, no less than carrots. It is very beneficial to human health, especially fetal development, so it is regarded as a necessary food for pregnant women and parturients in some places.
Because day lily contains Pyrola and other ingredients, it has the functions of stopping bleeding, diminishing inflammation, diuresis, invigorating stomach and calming the nerves. Its flowers, stems, leaves and roots are all good medicinal materials. Its flowers are usually used to treat bloody stools, urinary tract obstruction, constipation and postpartum agalactia.
Seven, water bamboo
The water content of Zizania latifolia is 92.65438 0%. Every 100g of Zizania latifolia contains protein 1.5g, fat 0. 1g, carbohydrate 4.6g, calcium 4mg, phosphorus 43mg, iron 0.3mg and vitamin B 10.04. These nutrients play a certain role in maintaining normal physiological functions of the body.
Chinese medicine believes that water bamboo is cold and sweet, and enters the liver, stomach, spleen and gallbladder. (Tianxia Health Network) can clear away heat and toxic materials, quench thirst, clear away heat and stop dysentery, and promote lactation, and can treat dysphoria, thirst, jaundice, dysentery, red eyes and constipation. Can be used for treating postpartum hypogalactia's disease, hypertension, constipation, etc. Herbal supplement says that water bamboo can "clear away heat and quench thirst" "Convenient Prescription for Eating Traditional Chinese Medicine" records that "postpartum hypogalactia" can be cured.
Eight, tomatoes
Tomatoes, also known as tomatoes, contain a variety of nutrients, rich in vitamins, inorganic salts, carbohydrates, organic acids and a small amount of protein and fat. In particular, the contents of vitamin C and vitamin B2 are twice that of apples, the contents of fat and vitamin B 1 are three times that of apples, the content of carotene is four times that of apples, and the content of nicotinic acid is the highest among fruits and vegetables. Inorganic salts are rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron, boron, manganese and copper. In addition, it also contains glutathione, lycopene, lycopene and organic acids such as citric acid and malic acid.
Chinese medicine believes that tomatoes are slightly cold, sweet and enter the liver and stomach. Has the effects of promoting fluid production, quenching thirst, invigorating stomach, promoting digestion, clearing heat and relieving summer-heat, cooling blood, calming liver, invigorating kidney, promoting diuresis, and lowering blood pressure. It can be used to treat fever, thirst, loss of appetite and summer heat. "Luchuan Materia Medica" records that it can "promote fluid production to quench thirst, strengthen stomach and digestion, and cure thirst and loss of appetite".
Nine, radish
Radish contains many nutrients, such as protein, glucose, fructose, fat, many amino acids and rich vitamins, especially vitamin C, which is 8 ~ 10 times higher than that of pears and apples. It's called "not fruit, but fruit". In addition, it also contains minerals and trace elements.
Chinese medicine believes that radish is cool and sweet, and enters the lungs and stomach. Has effect in promoting qi circulation, relax chest and diaphragm, invigorating stomach, promoting digestion, relieve cough, eliminating phlegm, removing dryness, promoting salivation, removing toxic substances, removing blood stasis, promoting diuresis, and quenching thirst. It can be used for treating chest and diaphragm fullness, dyspepsia fullness, expectoration aphonia, hematemesis, epistaxis, dysentery, diabetes, etc. "Compendium of Materia Medica" says that it "mainly swallows acid, relieves depression, relieves alcoholism, disperses blood and removes blood stasis". "Daily Materia Medica" records that it can "widen the chest and diaphragm and facilitate urination and defecation. Cooked food, eliminating phlegm and eliminating valley; Born, thirst-quenching and wide. " "Four Seasons Materia Medica" holds that "if mortals eat more, they will disappear if they chew raw". "Rihuazi Materia Medica" says that it can "eliminate phlegm and relieve cough, treat lung failure and stop bleeding". "Life Taste Diet Spectrum" thinks that it can "cure cough aphonia and throat diseases". "Compendium of Tang Materia Medica" records "boiling juice to quench thirst". Medical Heart Mirror uses it to "cure thirst and dry mouth". Materia Medica Classics holds that it can "quench thirst".
Ten, carrots
Carrots are regarded as the top grade in dishes because of their rich nutrition. According to the determination, its carotene content is the richest, which is 360 times that of potato, 36 times that of celery, 45 times that of apple and 23 times that of citrus. Carotene is converted into vitamin A by enzymes in human small intestine. Vitamin A has important physiological functions such as maintaining the normal function of epithelial cells, preventing and treating respiratory infections, promoting human growth and development, and participating in rhodopsin synthesis. The darker the carrot color, the higher the carotene content.
Chinese medicine believes that carrots are slightly warm and sweet, and enter the lungs, spleen and liver meridians. (Tianxia Health Network) has the effects of lowering qi, invigorating the middle warmer, benefiting the chest and diaphragm, regulating the stomach and intestines, promoting digestion and preventing diseases caused by vitamin A deficiency. Can be used for treating dyspepsia, chronic dysentery, cough, acne rash, and night blindness. Compendium of Materia Medica says that it can "reduce qi, tonify the middle energizer, benefit the chest, diaphragm and intestine, strengthen the five internal organs and make people healthy". Daily Materia Medica records that it has the characteristics of "relieving qi in the middle, dispersing pathogenic factors in the stomach". Lin Yi Yaoyao holds that it can "moisten kidney, strengthen yang, warm phlegm and dispel cold and dampness". Modern medicine believes that carrots have the functions of lowering blood pressure, strengthening the heart, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and preventing cancer.
Eleven, sugar beet
Beet, also known as red beet and sugar radish, is rich in nutrition. Its root tuber contains 86% water, 1.7% egg white, and its carbohydrate content reaches 1 1%. The content of protein in beet leaves is 1 ~ 2 times higher than that in root tuber. Besides, it also contains vitamins (B 1, B2, B6, P, E), nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, folic acid and rich elements such as phosphorus, iron, calcium, sodium and chlorine.
Compared with other vegetables, beet contains more cobalt, which is an essential element for the synthesis of vitamin B 12. Beets contain iodine, which can prevent goiter and prevent atherosclerosis. Betaine is contained in the root tuber and leaves of beet, which is not found in other vegetables. It is close to choline and lecithin and is an effective regulator of metabolism. It can accelerate the absorption of protein and improve liver function. It also contains saponins, which can combine intestinal cholesterol into a mixture that is not easy to absorb; Beets contain magnesium, which is beneficial to the treatment of hypertension. Magnesium can regulate the tension of blood vessels and prevent thrombosis in the blood. Beet also contains a lot of vitamins and pectin, among which vitamin U is a rare anti-gastric ulcer factor.
Beets also have many medical functions. It can have loose bowels. With this function, eating it can eliminate excess water in the abdomen, thus alleviating bloating; Because beet contains elements such as iron, copper and manganese, beet juice can treat anemia; Beet juice can also be used to treat colds and pus.
Twelve, eggplant
The main component of eggplant is sugar. The content of calcium and magnesium is more, and more than 95% is water. Eggplant is nutritious and contains carotene, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin P, vitamin E, fat, protein, sugar and minerals. Except that the contents of carotene and vitamin C are lower than tomatoes, the sugar content is higher than tomatoes 1 times, and protein and minerals are 2 ~ 3 times higher than tomatoes. It also contains 8 kinds of amino acids such as lysine. These substances have important nutritional value for human body.
Chinese medicine believes that eggplant is cool, sweet and non-toxic. Entering the large intestine and spleen and stomach meridians has the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, clearing away heat and toxic materials, stopping bleeding and relieving pain, expelling wind and dredging collaterals, moistening intestines and benefiting qi. Cooked food can be used as an auxiliary treatment for fever, aversion to cold and fear of cold caused by toxic heat. Fresh eggplant can be mashed and used externally to treat sores, carbuncles, skin ulcers, frostbite and so on. Washing the affected area with eggplant rhizome soup can cure chilblain and have astringent effect; Charcoal burning with white eggplant pedicle can treat aphtha, bleeding under intestinal wind and hemorrhoid bleeding. Eggplant clothes can cure trauma, toothache and other diseases. Herbs in southern Yunnan say that it can "disperse blood, stop breast pain, reduce swelling and widen intestines" and "treat intestinal wind bleeding and bloody hemorrhoids". "Life Taste Diet Spectrum" records the function of "promoting blood circulation and relieving pain".
Thirteen, water spinach
Modern medical research has confirmed that water spinach contains protein, fat, sugar, inorganic salts, nicotinic acid, carotene, vitamin B 1, B2, C and other nutrients. Especially in its shoots, the content of protein is more than 4 times higher than that of tomatoes with the same amount, and the content of calcium is more than 12 times higher than that of tomatoes, so it has the function of cooling blood and stopping bleeding. Pharmacological experiments show that purple cabbage also contains insulin, which can lower blood sugar and is suitable for diabetic patients.