In fact, ancient sports are also very rich, which can be divided into three categories: health sports, practical sports and entertainment sports.

First, healthy sports.

Health sports mostly take the form of exhibition games. There are mainly guiding/invigorating qi, Wuqinxi/Baduanjin, martial arts internal strength and so on.

Doula is a kind of health-preserving exercise in the middle ages and ancient times, which carries out breathing exercise and spiritual cultivation in the constant dynamic of the body. Promoting Qi, also known as Qigong, is an ancient health-keeping exercise in China, which emphasizes breathing and spiritual cultivation. The difference is that it is mainly carried out in a relatively static state.

"Five-Animal Play" is a famous health preserving movement in ancient China created by Hua Tuo on the basis of introduction. "wuqinxi, one tiger, two deer, three bears, four apes and five birds", the biggest feature of wuqinxi is to simplify and adapt the ancient introduction, so that its structure is complete, its arrangement is reasonable, concise, easy to learn and practice, and it is conducive to dissemination and practice. Baduanjin inherited Hua Tuo's tradition of "Five Animal Plays", with the aim of preserving health and longevity, arranged various guiding techniques and movements into a complete set and spread them in the form of formulas, which was a famous fitness system in ancient China.

Zuowuqinxi, right Baduanjin

Wushu internal strength is based on traditional guiding techniques, combined with the characteristics and needs of Wushu, with the aim of strengthening the body and exerting luck, forming a unique physical quality and special quality training system of traditional Wushu in China.

Second, practical sports.

1.？ Rituals, music, shooting and empire.

The teaching contents of pre-Qin aristocratic schools are six kinds of skills, such as etiquette, music, shooting, imperial, calligraphy and mathematics, which are collectively called "six arts". The four teaching contents in "Six Arts" show very rich sports contents.

"Rite" is the legal system and moral standard of China ancient society. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it refers to the code of conduct of the upper class based on patriarchal clan system, hierarchical concept, etiquette system and feudal morality. In order to cultivate the hierarchical consciousness and code of conduct of aristocratic children, the education of "etiquette" occupies a first-class position in pre-Qin schools. Among them, shooting ceremony education is one of the important means of ritual education. By learning a strict etiquette system around archery competition, students can strengthen their level consciousness and master relevant etiquette knowledge and norms.

"Music" in pre-Qin education not only refers to singing and playing music, but also includes dancing. Dance in the Western Zhou Dynasty also contained a lot of sports content. No matter sacrifice, celebration or entertainment, there is music and dance, so the school attaches great importance to the education of music and dance.

Shooting is one of the important contents of pre-Qin school education. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period in the Western Zhou Dynasty, archery was a skill that aristocratic children had to master. Archery, besides being the main military technology in the war, also has many functions in aristocratic society, such as expressing etiquette, launching competitions, entertaining and selecting warriors, so it was paid great attention to in school education in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

"Imperial" refers to the technique of driving a carriage. Because the pre-Qin war was mainly a car war, it is very important for aristocratic youth to learn to drive skillfully and master the technology of "imperial".

2. Ancient situational track and field

Walking, running, jumping, throwing, climbing and other track and field events have existed since prehistoric times, which came into being with the improvement of human production level and the development of social life. You can simulate ancient scenes or use ancient sports equipment for ancient scene track and field competitions, such as jumping chariots, throwing stones and running before horses. And organize athletes and spectators to participate.

The left hand leads the horse in front, and the right hand throws the ball.

3. Wushu

China Wushu is rich in content, diverse in genre, practical-oriented, and has both health and entertainment functions. We can carry out various competitions according to local conditions.

martial arts

Third, recreational sports.

1, cuju

Cuju, also known as Tuju, also known as Bow Ballroom in Song and Ming Dynasties, is an ancient football sport in China and the earliest football sport in the world. Competitive cuju is played by two teams. Li You in the Eastern Han Dynasty described the situation of the competition in Tao Cheng Ming Ming: "Bowing a wall, imitating Yin and Yang, balancing the law and the moon, and building a long and flat line, as a rule, does not take personal contact, does not take personal contact: it is not strange." This is a very precious ancient Cuju document. It means: the ball is round, like the sky, belonging to Yang; The court, such as the ground, is yin. The ball and the court are modeled after the yin-yang principle of the circular place. The competition shall set up judges and follow the rules and practices of the competition. The referee is fair and can't take sides. The players have a correct attitude and are calm, and they don't hide their grievances from each other when they lose. There are two forms of cuju in Han Dynasty. -one is an ornamental cuju performance, and the other is a competitive cuju competition. The former is mainly accompanied by music to perform football and ball control skills. In the Han Dynasty portrait bricks and stones unearthed in Sichuan, Shandong, Henan and other places, there are many pictures of a single person or a double person kicking a bow while playing drums.

play football

Step 2 throw a pot

Mainly take the form of competitive games and participating in games. Pot throwing is a kind of evolution from shooting ceremony; Throwing contest game is a kind of throwing game played by ancient literati at banquets. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, one of the courtesies of governors was to invite guests to shoot arrows. At that time, it was considered a shame that adult men could not shoot arrows. The host asked the guest to shoot an arrow, but the guest couldn't refuse. Later, some guests really couldn't shoot an arrow, so they used an archery hip flask instead. Over time, throwing pots replaced archery, and special throwing pots replaced hip pots. Pot-throwing has become a game in feasting. Pan-throwing is a kind of exercise that tends to cultivate one's morality, be calm and serene, and pay attention to etiquette. The difficulty of throwing the pot can be large or small, such as setting a screen outside the pot to throw it blindly, or throwing it after sitting back.

Ming Xuanzong threw a pot.

The above is only an introduction to some items of ancient sports. China has a profound culture and a long history. A short article is not enough to outline the richness of ancient sports culture, to learn China culture and to inherit the eternal civilization.