2. Gastrointestinal health knowledge

Gastroenteroscopy knowledge 1.

Double balloon enteroscopy can be divided into oral entry and * * * entry.

(1) Oral endoscopic approach: Similar to gastroscopy, it is delivered under direct vision by endoscope, passing through esophagus, stomach, duodenal bulb and descending part in turn. When the end of the endoscope enters the horizontal section of the duodenum, the endoscope balloon of the enteroscope is inflated first, so that the endoscope part is not easy to slide, then the outer sleeve is inserted in front of the endoscope along the endoscope body, and then the outer sleeve balloon is inflated. At this time, both airbags are inflated, so that the endoscope, the outer sleeve and the intestinal wall are relatively fixed, and then the endoscope and the outer sleeve are slowly straightened to shorten the intestinal tube.

Next, deflate the endoscope balloon, and the operator slowly inserts the endoscope into the deep part along the lumen until it cannot continue to enter the endoscope. Then the endoscope balloon is inflated in turn to make it relatively fixed with the intestinal wall, and at the same time, the outer sleeve is loosened, and the outer sleeve slides forward along the endoscope body, and the operations of inflating, deflating, pushing the outer sleeve and pulling backward are repeated until the lesion is reached. (2) Entering the endoscope via * * * *: The operation method is the same as the oral route, but because the endoscope body of the double-balloon enteroscope is soft and easy to knot in the colon, the outer sleeve can be used to increase the hardness of the endoscope body and reduce the operation difficulty.

It is a common technical difficulty for colonoscopy to pass through ileocecal valve. Gas should be injected into the colon as little as possible. When reaching the cecum, both the endoscope balloon and the overtube balloon can be inflated, and then the endoscope and the overtube can be slowly straightened, and the endoscope body can be straightened. After the balloon is released, the valve orifice can be clearly seen.

(3) Oral administration or * * *: It mainly depends on the different sites of suspected small intestine lesions. Generally, oral endoscopy can reach the middle and lower segments of ileum, and * * * endoscopy can reach the middle and upper segments of jejunum, so that cross endoscopy can make a comprehensive and thorough examination of the whole small intestine.

If no lesions are found in oral or anal examination, the small intestine can be marked and the mirror can be taken from the other side. (4) Others: 30% meglumine diatrizoate can be injected from the biopsy hole as needed during the operation. Under the X-ray fluoroscopy, the position of the endoscope, the stenosis and expansion of the intestinal cavity, and the distance between the endoscope and the terminal ileum can be known under the question and answer of the newly edited resident in the Department of Gastroenterology.

Colonoscopy can also perform biopsy, hemostasis, polypectomy, injection and other treatments during the examination, which realizes the completion of examination and treatment in the same process. Compared with other endoscopy, colonoscopy takes a relatively long time, about 90 min. When examined under conscious sedation or general anesthesia, patients are well tolerated and safe.

What are the operation methods of enteroscope (taking double balloon enteroscope as an example)? Double balloon enteroscopy can be divided into oral entry and * * * entry. (1) Oral endoscopic approach: Similar to gastroscopy, it is delivered under direct vision by endoscope, passing through esophagus, stomach, duodenal bulb and descending part in turn.

When the end of the endoscope enters the horizontal section of the duodenum, the endoscope balloon of the enteroscope is inflated first, so that the endoscope part is not easy to slide, then the outer sleeve is inserted in front of the endoscope along the endoscope body, and then the outer sleeve balloon is inflated. At this time, both airbags are inflated, so that the endoscope, the outer sleeve and the intestinal wall are relatively fixed, and then the endoscope and the outer sleeve are slowly straightened to shorten the intestinal tube. Next, deflate the endoscope balloon, and the operator slowly inserts the endoscope into the deep part along the lumen until it cannot continue to enter the endoscope. Then the endoscope balloon is inflated in turn to make it relatively fixed with the intestinal wall, and at the same time, the outer sleeve is loosened, and the outer sleeve slides forward along the endoscope body, and the operations of inflating, deflating, pushing the outer sleeve and pulling backward are repeated until the lesion is reached.

(2) Entering the endoscope via * * * *: The operation method is the same as the oral route, but because the endoscope body of the double-balloon enteroscope is soft and easy to knot in the colon, the outer sleeve can be used to increase the hardness of the endoscope body and reduce the operation difficulty. It is a common technical difficulty for colonoscopy to pass through ileocecal valve.

Gas should be injected into the colon as little as possible. When reaching the cecum, both the endoscope balloon and the overtube balloon can be inflated, and then the endoscope and the overtube can be slowly straightened, and the endoscope body can be straightened. After the balloon is released, the valve orifice can be clearly seen. (3) Oral intake or * * *: It is mainly determined according to the different suspicious lesion sites of small intestine.

Generally, oral endoscopy can reach the middle and lower segments of ileum, and * * * endoscopy can reach the middle and upper segments of jejunum, so that cross endoscopy can make a comprehensive and thorough examination of the whole small intestine. If no lesions are found in oral or anal examination, the small intestine can be marked and the mirror can be taken from the other side.

(4) Others: 30% meglumine diatrizoate can be injected from the biopsy hole as needed during the operation. Under the X-ray fluoroscopy, the position of the endoscope, the stenosis and expansion of the intestinal cavity, and the distance between the endoscope and the terminal ileum can be known under the question and answer of the newly edited resident in the Department of Gastroenterology. Colonoscopy can also perform biopsy, hemostasis, polypectomy, injection and other treatments during the examination, which realizes the completion of examination and treatment in the same process.

Compared with other endoscopy, colonoscopy takes a relatively long time, about 90 min. When examined under conscious sedation or general anesthesia, patients are well tolerated and safe. What are the operation methods of enteroscope (taking double balloon enteroscope as an example)? Double balloon enteroscopy can be divided into oral entry and * * * entry.

(1) Oral endoscopic approach: Similar to gastroscopy, it is delivered under direct vision by endoscope, passing through esophagus, stomach, duodenal bulb and descending part in turn. When the end of the endoscope enters the horizontal section of the duodenum, the endoscope balloon of the enteroscope is inflated first, so that the endoscope part is not easy to slide, then the outer sleeve is inserted in front of the endoscope along the endoscope body, and then the outer sleeve balloon is inflated. At this time, both airbags are inflated, so that the endoscope, the outer sleeve and the intestinal wall are relatively fixed, and then the endoscope and the outer sleeve are slowly straightened to shorten the intestinal tube.

Next, deflate the endoscope balloon, and the operator slowly inserts the endoscope into the deep part along the lumen until it cannot continue to enter the endoscope. Then the endoscope balloon is inflated in turn to make it relatively fixed with the intestinal wall, and at the same time, the outer sleeve is loosened, and the outer sleeve slides forward along the endoscope body, and the operations of inflating, deflating, pushing the outer sleeve and pulling backward are repeated until the lesion is reached. (2) Entering the endoscope via * * * *: The operation method is the same as the oral route, but because the endoscope body of the double-balloon enteroscope is soft and easy to knot in the colon, the outer sleeve can be used to increase the hardness of the endoscope body and reduce the operation difficulty.

It is a common technical difficulty for colonoscopy to pass through ileocecal valve. Gas should be injected into the colon as little as possible. When reaching the cecum, both the endoscope balloon and the overtube balloon can be inflated, and then the endoscope and the overtube can be slowly straightened, and the endoscope body can be straightened. After the balloon is released, the valve orifice can be clearly seen.

(3) Oral intake or * * *: It is mainly determined according to the different suspicious lesion sites of small intestine. Usually, oral endoscope can reach the middle and lower ileum, and * * * endoscope can reach jejunum.

2. How to operate the push enteroscope?

Enteroscopy is actually an extension of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and its operation method is similar to duodenoscopy.

During the examination, the patient was asked to take the left lateral position and enter the mirror after pharyngeal anesthesia. When passing through the stomach, inject as little gas as possible. After colonoscopy is inserted into duodenum, it can reach 50? By repeatedly pulling, adjusting the angle, rotating the endoscope and properly injecting gas, it is located under the ligament of Treize. 80 cm, proximal jejunum.

Patients can change different * * * to assist the insertion of the endoscope, and at the same time, they can exert pressure on the abdomen with the help of the assistant to reduce or prevent the embarrassment of the endoscope in the stomach. In order to increase the insertion depth of this endoscope, a sliding tube can be used.

When operating, first put the sliding tube into the colonoscopy. After the colonoscopy is inserted into the ligament of Treize, bend the lens angle upward to the maximum, fix it at the ligament, and gently pull out the colonoscopy. When the enteroscope is almost straight from the cardia to the descending part of duodenum, the pre-lubricated sliding tube is pushed to the descending part of duodenum along the scope body, and the sliding tube is fixed at the mouth pad, and then the bending of the front end is removed and pushed to the deep part of jejunum. When inserting the maximum working length of enteroscope, bend the fixed lens, straighten the scope body, and then gently send the sliding tube under Treize ligament again to prevent the scope body from bending at the horizontal part of duodenum.

With the help of the sliding tube, the depth of lens insertion is under Treize ligament 120 cm. It is better to have X-ray monitoring for the push enteroscope, which can not only locate the position, but also guide the direction into the endoscope.

This kind of colonoscopy is easy to operate, master and prepare, which usually takes 30 minutes. Forty minutes. Biopsy can be performed through the biopsy channel, or polypectomy, hemostasis, nasogastric feeding tube placement and cholangiopancreatography can be performed on patients with symptomatic cholangioenterostomy.

The disadvantage is that the insertion depth can only reach the middle and upper jejunum, and it takes some experience to enter the endoscope smoothly, which makes the patient suffer greatly. Some patients may have gastric mucosal tear and pancreatitis caused by Vater's ampulla injury caused by sliding tube.

Knowledge of gastrointestinal health 1. Intestinal health knowledge

Point 1: Diet rules.

Many people can't control their diet. When they meet delicious food, they will have a meal, and they will be hungry if they don't taste it. This will easily lead to gastric peristalsis dysfunction, and then make the nerve plexus in the stomach wall excited and promote the secretion of gastric juice. Over time, gastritis or gastric ulcer will occur. Therefore, the diet should be regular and quantitative, and never overeat.

People with stomach problems should try to eat regularly, 5~6 times a day, which can not only reduce the burden on the stomach, but also avoid excessive expansion of the stomach. Eating more can keep a small amount of food in the stomach and neutralize too much gastric acid in the stomach. People with serious illness had better eat nutritious and digestible soft foods, such as noodles, rice porridge and milk. If conditions permit, you can also eat more honey, because honey can inhibit gastric acid secretion and promote ulcer healing.

Point 2: Pay attention to food hygiene.

Be sure to chew slowly when eating, so that the food can be fully ground in your mouth and mixed with saliva.

Together, this can reduce the burden on the stomach and make food easier to digest. In addition, try to eat less sex food and don't drink or smoke. Alcohol and tobacco do great harm to the stomach. The * * * effect of nicotine in tobacco on the stomach will delay the discharge of gastric contents, thus causing the increase of gastric acid secretion and aggravating the condition of gastritis and gastric ulcer. Drinking alcohol, especially on an empty stomach, is more harmful to patients with gastric diseases, because alcohol in wine has a great effect on gastric mucosa, and the stomach will contract and expand strongly when it is subjected to * * *, which is likely to cause gastric bleeding or perforation of gastric ulcer, thus endangering life.

Point 3: it is better to wash the intestines than to raise them.

Natural detoxification function degenerates, and toxic substances stay in the intestine and swim around the whole body with blood circulation, causing harm; Such as acne, acne (metabolized by the skin), pigmentation, yellow and loose skin (deposited on the skin), halitosis (toxin accumulation), obesity (poor excretion, excess sugar and fat accumulation in waist, abdomen, thighs, arms and other parts), defecation, constipation and so on. Washing intestines hurts the body and cultivates healthy intestines. Li Jian Sanqing Granule has good intestine moistening function.

Li Jian is isomaltooligosaccharides extracted from selected corn. Pure and natural in quality, it can protect the beneficial microbial flora in the intestine, quickly improve the natural detoxification function, and curb the premature aging of the intestine such as defecation and constipation from the source.

Regulate, inhibit, decompose and kill intestinal toxic substances, and increase the ability of the stomach to resist diseases. Like vitamins, Li Jian is an essential nutrient for intestinal probiotics, and it is best to supplement it from time to time. Middle-aged and elderly people have a high incidence of constipation due to the decline of intestinal function. Supplementing Li Jian at ordinary times can prevent constipation and regulate blood pressure and blood lipid.

Point 4: Keep mental state.

Whether the stomach is healthy or not has a lot to do with mental factors. Excessive mental stress, such as long-term tension, fear, sadness, depression, etc., will cause dysfunction of cerebral cortex, promote dysfunction of vagus nerve, lead to spasmodic contraction of gastric wall blood vessels, and then induce gastritis and gastric ulcer. Therefore, we should be cheerful, cheerful and strong-willed, and be good at extricating ourselves from difficulties.

2. Common sense of gastrointestinal health

Mainly, a light diet can help digestion, and you can also take the Sun God Hericium erinaceus gastrointestinal health oral liquid, because it follows the guiding ideology of "three-point treatment and seven-point nutrition" of traditional Chinese medicine for gastrointestinal diseases, not only has the effects of protecting gastric mucosa, inhibiting harmful bacterial infection, invigorating qi and nourishing stomach to treat gastric diseases, but also enhances the body's disease resistance by enhancing the immune ability of gastrointestinal digestive system, which can not only treat diseases but also nourish them, and fundamentally eliminate the troubles of gastrointestinal diseases.

It can also be used for daily health care of gastrointestinal digestive system, and has a good health care effect on gastrointestinal discomfort caused by mental stress and irregular diet. It has a good adjuvant therapeutic effect on chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, and is especially suitable for preventing the recurrence of gastric diseases and relieving abdominal pain caused by gastritis. It is the first choice for gastrointestinal health care.

3. Gastrointestinal health knowledge

Ways to nourish and protect the stomach-

1. Regular quantization. Every meal should be moderate, three meals a day should be scheduled, and at the specified time, whether you are hungry or not, you should take the initiative to eat, avoid being too hungry or full, and keep your stomach moving regularly.

2. The temperature is suitable. The temperature of the diet should be "neither soup nor cold", and the food that is too cold after the soup enters the stomach will cause stomach problems in the gastric mucosa.

3. chew slowly. Chewing food fully can make the food as thin as possible to reduce the workload of the stomach. The more times you chew, the more saliva you secrete, which has a protective effect on gastric mucosa.

4. the timing of drinking water. The best time to drink water is when you get up on an empty stomach in the morning, one hour before each meal. Drinking water immediately after a meal will dilute the gastric juice, and soaking in rice will also affect the digestion of food.

5. Don't leave after dinner. As the saying goes, walk a hundred paces after a meal and live to ninety-nine. But "after dinner" is more than just after dinner. You should take a walk 20 to 30 minutes after a meal, which is good for the digestion of your stomach.

6. Pay attention to cold protection. Because cold can slow down the activity of the stomach or cause stomach cramps, keep the temperature of the stomach and don't catch cold.

7. Avoid * * *. Don't smoke, because smoking makes the blood vessels in the stomach contract, affects the blood supply of gastric parietal cells, reduces the resistance of gastric mucosa and induces gastric diseases. Also drink less and eat less peppers and peppers.

8. It feels good. People's emotions are closely related to the health of the stomach. So keep your mood stable and happy.

9. Take medicine carefully. Many drugs have a * * effect on gastric mucosa, which will damage gastric mucosa and even cause ulcers. Such as potassium chloride, glucocorticoids and antihypertensive drugs containing reserpine.

10. vitamin c supplement. Vitamin c has a protective effect on the stomach. Maintaining a normal amount of vitamin C in gastric juice can effectively play the role of the stomach, protect the stomach and enhance its anti-cancer ability. So eat more vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C.

1 1. Don't eat moldy food. Don't eat moldy and spoiled rice, peanuts, corn and spoiled meat, fish and shellfish. At the same time, eat less bacon slices and dried salted fish to avoid natural carcinogens in food.

12. Pay attention to oral hygiene. After saliva is treated by oral bacteria and their enzymes, nitrate in saliva reduces nitrite with carcinogenic effect. Therefore, rinse your mouth after meals. If people with spleen-stomach deficiency and cold syndrome have stomachache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc. They should eat more onions, ginger, leeks, garlic, peppers, etc. People with weak spleen and stomach should eat red dates, yams, lentils, Euryale ferox seeds and lotus seeds. People with stomach heat should eat dry and cold products such as pears, lotus roots, sugar cane and honey. Patients with qi stagnation should eat more spices made of radish, bergamot, kumquat or orange peel.

Drink millet porridge and eat steamed bread in the morning. Don't drink anything too cold. Drink milk after meals in the morning to repair gastric mucosa. It's better to eat less and eat more to relieve the burden on my stomach. My stomach is not good either, but it's much better to eat pasta often now. You should try it.

4. Common sense of gastrointestinal health

A medicine for rapidly treating chronic gastrointestinal diseases belongs to an oral Chinese medicine preparation. Asari, Glycyrrhrizae Radix, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Rhizoma Curcumae, Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinalis, Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, Rhizoma Sparganii, Radix Curcumae, Rhizoma Atractylodis, Herba Cistanches, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Arecae Semen, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Rhizoma Arisaematis, Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis and Natrii Sulfas warm medicines, and the decoction is made at the beginning of the course of treatment. Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, Radix Codonopsis, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Fructus Schisandrae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Poria, Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Rhizoma Zingiberis, Areca catechu, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Herba Cistanches and Cortex Cinnamomi are made into decoction, and decocted twice before going to bed and the next morning on the second, fourth and sixth days of treatment.

The invention takes into account the elimination of food retention, phlegm retention, blood stasis and other metabolic wastes in the digestive tract, restores the normal function of damaged digestive organs, integrates the elimination of pathogenic factors and the strengthening of body resistance in one furnace, highlights the overall concept and medical characteristics of syndrome differentiation and treatment, and greatly shortens the process of refuting diseases.

5. What is the common sense of keeping healthy and nourishing the stomach?

Stomach nourishing food

Onions:

The pungent smell of onion can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, promote gastrointestinal secretion of more digestive juice, thus enhancing people's appetite and improving gastrointestinal digestion ability, and has a good therapeutic effect on gastrointestinal diseases such as dyspepsia, dyspepsia and abdominal distension.

Tomato:

Organic acids such as malic acid and citric acid contained in tomatoes can promote the secretion of gastric juice and promote the digestion of fat and protein. It can also increase the concentration of gastric acid, regulate gastrointestinal function, and contribute to the rehabilitation of gastrointestinal diseases.

Mushrooms:

Mushroom food is nutritious and delicious. It is a healthy food with high protein and low fat. It is rich in essential amino acids, minerals, vitamins and polysaccharides. Regular consumption of mushrooms can promote the absorption of nutrients from other foods.

Apple:

Apple contains "pectin", which is a kind of water-soluble dietary fiber, which can reduce the number of bad bacteria in the intestine and help beneficial bacteria to reproduce. Pectin can regulate the blood sugar level of human body and prevent the sudden rise and fall of blood sugar. It can also promote the discharge of lead, mercury and harmful substances in the gastrointestinal tract, remove metabolic wastes in the body in time and promote the discharge of toxins in the body.

Proper exercise promotes gastrointestinal peristalsis.

6. I want to consult some common sense about spleen and stomach health.

1, often eat midnight snack.

You'll get stomach cancer. Because the stomach can't rest.

You can only eat four eggs a week. I ate too much.

This is harmful to your health. 3, chicken * * * contains carcinogens, it is better not to eat.

It is a wrong idea to eat fruit after meals. It should be eating fruit before meals.

5, when the girl's menstruation comes. Don't drink green tea.

No tea anyway. Eat more things that can replenish blood.

6. Drink soy milk without eggs and sugar. Don't drink too much.

7, don't eat tomatoes on an empty stomach, it is best to eat after meals. 8.wake up in the morning.

Drink a glass of water first. Prevent stones.

9. Don't eat three hours before going to bed. Will be fat.

10, milk tea is high in calories, so drink less.

High oil. There is no nutritional value.

Drinking for a long time. Susceptible to hypertension.

Diabetes. And other diseases.

1 1, freshly baked bread is not suitable for immediate consumption. 12, away from the charging stand.

The human body should be away from more than 30 cm. Never put it by the bed.

13, drink eight glasses of water every day. 14, ten glasses of water a day.

Bladder cancer will not come. 15, drink plenty of water during the day.

Drink less water at night. 16, drink no more than two cups of coffee a day.

Drinking too much can easily lead to insomnia and stomachache. Eat less greasy food.

Because the blood in the brain takes 5 to 7 hours to digest and concentrate on the stomach. Easy to fall asleep.

18, after 5 pm. Eat less big meals, because you don't need so much energy after five o'clock.

19, 10 Food types that will make you happy: deep-sea fish, bananas, grapefruit, whole wheat bread, spinach, garlic, pumpkin, low-fat milk, chicken and cherries. 20, lack of sleep will become stupid, you must sleep for eight hours a day, and you will not get old if you have a nap habit.

2 1, the best sleep time is 10 at night to 6 am. 22. Don't drink more than one glass a day, because alcohol will inhibit antibody-producing B cells and increase the chance of bacterial infection.

23. Take the capsule with cold water (you can eat it first) and take the medicine 30 minutes before going to bed. Avoid lying down immediately.

24, sour plum has the effect of preventing aging and keeping young forever; People who are angry should eat more. 25, hair loss factors: staying up late, stress, alcohol and tobacco, spicy chicken chops.

Spicy pot greasy food.

Overflavored dishes. 26, help hair growth: eat more cabbage, eggs.

Beans; Eat less sweets (especially fructose). 27. A glass of lemon juice and orange juice every day.

It can not only whiten skin, but also fade dark spots. 28. Apple will always be a good medicine for motorcyclists, addicts and housewives. Eating only one apple a day can give you a clean lung.

29. Smoking and taking vitamins (a kind of vitamin B carotene -A) can cause cancer, so quit smoking as soon as possible. Is the healthiest thing to do.

30. Five periods when women should not drink tea: when menstruation comes, pregnant women, and before labor. Postpartum, menopause.

3 1, smoking, the biggest relationship is lung cancer, lip cancer, tongue cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer and bladder cancer. 32. Drinking alcohol leads to cirrhosis.

Causing liver cancer. 33, eat areca can lead to oral fibrosis, oral cancer.

34. The food is too fine and lacks fiber; Containing a lot of fat, especially cholesterol, can cause gastric cancer. 35. When the food is too rough and the nutrition is insufficient, it will lead to esophageal cancer and gastric cancer.

36. Yellow koji toxin in food. Nitrite causes cancer.

37. Don't smoke. Refuse to smoke secondhand smoke.

38, moderate drinking, not for a long time. Not drunk.

39. Reduce salting. Smoke and barbecue food.

40. Eat fresh vegetables and fruits every day. 4 1, and eat grains and beans rich in fiber every day.

42. Eat a balanced diet every day, but don't overdo it. 43. Maintain an ideal weight.

But fat. 44. Keep a regular life and exercise.

45. Keep a relaxed and happy mood. 46. Correct eating habits: Eat like an emperor in the morning, like a commoner at noon and like a beggar at night. You can also go to the National Health Science Education Base when you have time, where there are many health tips.