What is a yellowish black plant similar to Ganoderma lucidum on Zhongtiao Mountain in southern Shanxi? Is it edible? What is the medicinal value? draw

Ganoderma lucidum, or Ganoderma lucidum, belongs to the genus Ganoderma of Basidiomycetes Polyporaceae. It is a mushroom parasitic on the roots of oak trees and other broad-leaved trees. Umbrella-shaped, hard, wooden, with kidney-shaped or semi-circular cap, purple-brown and lacquer luster. It is distributed all over the country. Recently, artificial culture has appeared, and the morphology of the culture has changed, but the curative effect is the same. In ancient times, it was called five-color records, including green records, red records and purple records, which were equivalent to similar functions.

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Sweet, flat and non-toxic.

Food ingredients

Ganoderma lucidum contains ergosterol, and the organic acids are ricinoleic acid and fumaric acid. In addition, it also contains amino acids, glucose, polysaccharide, resin and mannitol. Ganoderma lucidum generally has alkaloids, sterols, lactones, coumarins, acidic resins, amino acids, oils, reducing substances and other reactions.

Food pharmacology

According to animal experiments, it has sedative and analgesic effects on mice. It can improve the cold tolerance and hypoxia tolerance of mice and delay the death time of mice. Ganoderma lucidum as the main component, together with Atractylodes macrocephala, Notoginseng Radix, Ligusticum Chuanxiong and other traditional Chinese medicines, can significantly improve the survival rate of animals, help animals get through the extreme period of radiation sickness, and make white blood cells recover earlier. Irradiated animals can stimulate their appetite and improve their mental state after taking Ganoderma lucidum. Normal people take 20 grams of Ganoderma lucidum orally, which can reduce the heart rate.

Neurasthenia:

Ganoderma lucidum syrup (about 30%) 20ml, twice a day. (or 6 ~ 9g of Ganoderma lucidum, decocted in water).

Hypertension:

6 ~ 9g of Ganoderma lucidum, decocted in water.

Persistent hepatitis:

6 grams of Ganoderma lucidum and 4.5 grams of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, decocted in water.

Chronic tracheitis:

9 grams of Ganoderma lucidum, 6 grams of Radix Adenophorae, 6 grams of Radix Glehniae each, 9 grams of Lily, decocted in water.

Allergic asthma:

Ganoderma lucidum 16g, Pinellia ternata 3g and a half, perilla leaf 6g, Magnolia officinalis 3g, Poria 9g, rock sugar decoction, two to three times a day.

Allergic rhinitis:

Decoct Ganoderma lucidum in thick soup, filtering, and drip nose frequently.

Ten Medicinal Functions of Ganoderma lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum has a wide range of applications. Dialectically speaking, this product can be taken regardless of heart, lung, liver, spleen and kidney weakness, because it enters the five internal organs and kidneys and nourishes the whole body qi.

The species treated by Ganoderma lucidum involve respiratory, circulatory, digestive, nervous, endocrine and motor systems. It covers diseases such as internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics and five senses.

The fundamental reason lies in the great role of Ganoderma lucidum in enhancing the body's resistance, enhancing immune function and improving the body's resistance. It is different from the treatment of some diseases by general drugs, and it is also different from the general nutritional health food that only supplements and strengthens certain nutrients. Instead, it can adjust the balance of human body function, mobilize the internal vitality of the body, adjust the metabolic function of the human body, improve the autoimmune ability, and promote the normalization of all internal organs or organs. It is obviously manifested in the following aspects:

First, anti-tumor effect

Low or disordered autoimmune function is an important cause of tumor occurrence and development. Ganoderma lucidum is the best immune function regulator and activator, which can significantly improve the immune function of the body and enhance the anti-cancer ability of patients themselves. Ganoderma lucidum can be the first choice for anti-tumor, cancer prevention and cancer adjuvant therapy by promoting the production of interleukin -2, promoting the phagocytosis of mononuclear macrophages, improving the hematopoietic capacity of human body, especially the index level of white blood cells, and the inhibitory effect of some effective components on cancer cells. Ganoderma lucidum has almost no toxic side effects on human body. The advantages of this non-toxic immune activator are exactly what many tumor chemotherapy drugs and other immune enhancers do not have.

Second, the role of protecting liver and detoxifying

Ganoderma lucidum has protective effect on liver injury caused by many physical, chemical and biological factors. Whether before or after liver injury, taking Ganoderma lucidum can protect the liver and alleviate liver injury. Ganoderma lucidum can promote the metabolism of drugs and poisons in the liver, and has definite curative effect on toxic hepatitis. Especially for chronic hepatitis, Ganoderma lucidum can obviously eliminate dizziness, fatigue, nausea, liver discomfort and other symptoms, and can effectively improve liver function, so that all indicators tend to be normal. Therefore, Ganoderma lucidum can be used to treat chronic poisoning, various chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and liver dysfunction.

Third, the impact on the cardiovascular system.

Animal experiments and clinical trials show that Ganoderma lucidum can effectively dilate coronary artery, increase coronary blood flow, improve myocardial microcirculation and enhance myocardial oxygen and energy supply. Therefore, Ganoderma lucidum has a protective effect on myocardial ischemia and can be widely used to treat and prevent coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. For patients with hyperlipidemia, Ganoderma lucidum can significantly reduce blood cholesterol, lipoprotein and triglyceride, and can prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. For people with atherosclerotic plaque, it can reduce the cholesterol content of arterial wall, soften blood vessels and prevent further injury. It can also improve local microcirculation and prevent platelet aggregation. These effects have good preventive and therapeutic effects on various types of strokes.

Fourth, anti-aging effect.

The polysaccharides and peptides contained in Ganoderma lucidum have obvious anti-aging effect. This effect is mainly based on the following mechanisms:

1, promoting and regulating immune function. For adults and the elderly, this promotion and regulation can obviously delay aging. For children in the growth and development stage, it can improve immune function, enhance disease resistance and ensure healthy growth.

2. Regulate metabolic balance and promote the synthesis of nucleic acid and protein. Studies have shown that Ganoderma lucidum can promote the biosynthesis of nucleic acids and protein in serum, liver and bone marrow, so it can effectively resist diseases and prevent aging. Observations show that taking Ganoderma lucidum is not only beneficial to the elderly, but also suitable for people of working age, because the process of growth and development is also the process of aging.

3. Anti-free radical effect. The decrease of endogenous antioxidants or antioxidant enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase and SOD) produced by organisms is one of the reasons for human aging. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide has obvious SOD-like activity, which can significantly remove the free radicals produced by the body, thus preventing the damage of free radicals to the body, preventing lipid peroxidation, protecting cells and delaying cell aging.

4. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can significantly promote the DNA synthesis ability in the nucleus, increase the cell division algebra, and thus delay the aging of the body.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) has an anti-neurasthenia effect.

Ganoderma lucidum has been used for neurasthenia and insomnia, so it has a good effect on the center. The extract can stimulate motor inhibition, reduce exercise, coordinate motor disorders, and show a dose-dependent disease relieving effect. It can shorten sleep time and prolong spasm and death time caused by central stimulant caffeine. These results indicate that Ganoderma lucidum has an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system.

Ganoderma lucidum contained in traditional Chinese medicine can soothe the nerves and increase wisdom, and never forget it. It is reported that Ganoderma lucidum preparation has obvious curative effect on neurasthenia and insomnia, and the total effective rate is as high as 87. 14% ~ 100%. Generally, after 10 ~ 15 days, it has obvious curative effect, which is characterized by improved sleep, increased appetite, increased weight, reduced or disappeared palpitation, headache and dizziness, refreshed spirit and enhanced memory. Patients with deficiency of both qi and blood have better curative effect. Therefore, Ganoderma lucidum has a strong regulatory effect on the central nervous system, and has the effect of calming the nerves. It is an essential product for patients with mental fatigue and insomnia. In the national pharmacopoeia, Ganoderma lucidum is an effective drug for sleeping and calming the nerves.

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Six, the treatment of hypertension

Ganoderma lucidum can reduce the blood pressure of rabbits, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures are 65438 05% and 25%, respectively, and it can also inhibit nerve activity, with the inhibition rates of 20% and 40% respectively. According to a hospital report, 18 hypertensive patients were treated with ganoderma lucidum liquid, and the total effective rate was 88.9%. The hypotensive effect of Ganoderma lucidum is related to sensory nerve efferent block. In addition, 30 cases of high backlog were treated with Ganoderma lucidum preparation, and the total effective rate was 88.3%. At the same time, Ganoderma lucidum can prolong and stabilize the effects of other antihypertensive drugs.

Seven, the treatment of diabetes

The hypoglycemic component of Ganoderma lucidum is Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, and the principle of hypoglycemic is to promote the utilization of sugar by tissues. After taking Ganoderma lucidum, it can replace insulin to inhibit the release of fatty acids and improve symptoms such as blood sugar and urine sugar. Blood sugar decreased from 173 to16, cholesterol decreased from 233 to 179, and β protein decreased from 580 to 465. The water-soluble polysaccharide in Ganoderma lucidum can reduce the incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Ganoderma lucidum health food produced by Numata Kenji in Japan has been widely used to treat diabetic patients.

Eight, the role of chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma.

Ganoderma lucidum has obvious antitussive, expectorant and antiasthmatic effects, and has a significant effect on relieving cough and asthma symptoms and preventing wheezing attacks. Its immune promotion function can also effectively prevent repeated colds, thus reducing the recurrence of diseases. This product has good curative effect on TCM classification of deficiency-cold type and phlegm-dampness type, but it has poor curative effect on lung heat type and lung dryness type. Its total effective rate is about 80%.

Nine, anti-allergic effect

When the body is attacked by an antigen, resulting in hyperactivity of immunity and various allergic reactions or immunopathological injuries, Ganoderma lucidum can inhibit the hyperactivity of immunity and maintain the stability of the body itself. Experiments show that Ganoderma lucidum can block the release of allergic reaction medium and prevent allergic reaction, so it is difficult to treat allergic or autoimmune diseases at present. Such as allergic asthma, lupus erythematosus, nephritis, allergic rhinitis and various intractable skin diseases. , can play a very good role, can partially resist the side effects caused by long-term use of hormones in some patients with diseases.

X. beauty function

1. Improve microcirculation

People's skin will become rough and wrinkle with age (specifically, everyone's physique, working environment and nursing methods may be different), but the weakening of physical physiological function causes the change of skin metabolism, which is one of the main factors of facial aging.

Microcirculation was formally put forward at the first international conference on microcirculation held in the United States in 1954. Refers to the blood circulation of microvessels between arterioles and venules. It is the most basic structure in the circulatory system, and its basic function is to deliver oxygen and nutrients to organs, tissues and cells of the whole body, take away metabolites, and adjust the balance among interstitial fluid, lymph and intravascular fluid in time. Ganoderma lucidum adenosine and adenosine derivatives inhibit the phosphorylation of platelet inositol-phosphate (IP), resulting in the decrease of phosphatidylinositol-4- phosphate (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-diphosphate (PIP2), inhibiting the polymerization of platelet motility protein, thus reducing blood viscosity. Adenosine and adenosine derivatives can also increase the content of hemoglobin 2,3-diphosphoglycerin and improve the oxygen supply capacity of blood. It can promote the opening of capillary valve, increase microcirculation perfusion, improve human blood circulation and prevent thrombosis such as blood deficiency and fatigue. Therefore, it is very beneficial to improve and protect the functions of tissues and organs. The health of the body is characterized by whitening, penetrating red, smooth and shiny skin.

Remove skin pigment

With the increase of age, white hair and baldness appear, or both. Wrinkles on the skin and brown spots on the face, hands and back are called senile spots or longevity spots. Wrinkles occur because the loss of collagen and elastin (protein, which provides elasticity for the skin) is reduced. Ganoderma lucidum contains components that inhibit melanin and contains a variety of trace elements that are beneficial to the skin. By reducing human free radicals, accelerating cell regeneration, improving microcirculation, enhancing skin thickness and increasing collagen (collagen is the "glue" that brings cells together). Achieve the effect of enriching skin and eliminating fine lines and wrinkles. A follow-up survey of some elderly people shows that after taking it, senile plaques are reduced, and their faces are rosy, elastic and shiny. It is also found that the effective components in Ganoderma lucidum can loosen the binding cells and "binding agents" on the skin, make the upper part of necrotic cells fall off more smoothly and quickly, remove skin garbage, and make the bottom cells look smoother, thus achieving the effect of improving skin luster and texture.

3. Improve physical function and stay young.

Traditional Chinese medicine theory holds that when the physiological function of human body is normal, the color of face indicates the fullness of qi, blood, body fluid and the normal function of viscera. Although there are slight differences due to different constitutions and environments, the essence is radiant. External beauty is the means, while internal health preservation and keeping physiological function young are the basis of beauty care. Health preservation can not only delay the aging of body function, but also maintain the youthful brilliance from body to face. Through a lot of clinical practice, the change of external color is not only related to the corresponding visceral diseases, but also reflects the essence of some diseases. For example, cyan often reflects liver diseases, red often reflects heart diseases, yellow often reflects spleen and stomach diseases, white often reflects lung diseases and black often reflects kidney diseases. In addition, various skin diseases are also a manifestation of internal dysfunction of zang-fu organs, which can be treated by regulating the function of zang-fu organs in clinic. In these senses, treatment and beauty, health and beauty are inseparable. Only when the visceral function is normal can the human body truly be radiant and stay young forever.

Ganoderma lucidum can enhance body resistance and eliminate pathogenic factors. "Righteousness" means physique, that is, disease resistance, and "evil" means disease. Ganoderma lucidum can regulate the functions of internal organs, dredge meridians, maintain the balance of human internal environment, nourish blood and replenish qi, and achieve the purposes of freckle removal, anti-wrinkle and beauty. At present, the popular method is to cut Ganoderma lucidum into soybean grain size, fry it in water, heat and evaporate it, and directly apply it to skin pigment, which can achieve obvious freckle removing effect. Ganoderma lucidum mixed with honey, glycerol and monoglyceride can nourish and smooth the skin. Hair care products with Ganoderma lucidum as the main component can promote hair growth and dandruff removal.

In addition, in other aspects, Ganoderma lucidum has many outstanding effects, such as stimulating bone marrow hematopoiesis and raising white blood cells, which can be used for leukopenia caused by various reasons (such as radiotherapy and hematology); Resist the invasion of stubborn viruses such as AIDS by improving the immune ability of the body; It can also help the body and improve the tolerance to various adverse environments (such as altitude hypoxia); It can inhibit the excessive contraction of uterine smooth muscle and treat functional uterine bleeding; In addition, Ganoderma lucidum has significant clinical effects on retinitis pigmentosa, cerebral hypoplasia, progressive muscular dystrophy and atrophic myotonia. Furthermore, further research reveals that Ganoderma lucidum also has a good analgesic effect, and has a good curative effect on headache, low back pain, neuralgia and cancer pain.

Edible reaction

According to the viewpoint of traditional Chinese medicine dietotherapy that "dizziness can't start, and symptoms can't heal", after taking Ganoderma lucidum, some people will initially have dizziness, bone pain, itchy skin, dry mouth, frequent urination, defecation and other symptoms. It decomposes and moves and eliminates normal reactions in vitro. Please continue to take it at this time, and don't worry.

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