Explant: refers to the initial material taken from the plant mother for in vitro culture during plant tissue culture.
(1) plant culture
Refers to the in vitro culture method of seedlings or larger plants with complete plant morphology.
(2) Embryo culture
Refers to the method of culturing mature or immature embryos of plants in vitro. Commonly used embryo culture materials include immature embryo, mature embryo, endosperm, ovule and ovary.
(3) organ culture
Refers to the method of in vitro culture of various organs and organ primordia in plants. Commonly used organ culture materials include roots (root tips, cut segments), stems (stem tips, cut segments), leaves (Yuan Ye's basal part, leaves, cotyledons), flowers (petals, stamens), fruits, seeds and so on.
(4) Tissue culture
It refers to the method of in vitro culture of tissue or induced callus in various parts of plants. Common tissue culture materials include meristem, cambium, epidermis, cortex, parenchyma cells, pith and xylem.
(5) cell culture
Refers to the method of culturing plant single cells or smaller cell clusters in vitro. Commonly used cell culture materials include sex cells, mesophyll cells, root tip cells, phloem cells and so on.
(6) protoplast culture
Refers to the method of protoplast culture in vitro with cell wall removed.
(2) according to the cultivation process
(1) primary culture
The process of cultivating the first generations of plant explants. Its purpose is to establish sterile culture, induce axillary buds or terminal buds to germinate, or produce adventitious buds, calli and protocorms. It is usually a difficult stage in plant tissue culture, also known as start-up culture and induction culture.
(2) Sub-culture
The process of re-dividing the culture induced by primary culture and transferring it to fresh culture medium to continue the culture. The purpose is to make the culture multiply in large quantities, which is also called proliferation culture.
(3) Rooting culture
The process of inducing rootless tissue culture seedlings to produce roots and form complete plants aims to improve the survival rate of tissue culture seedlings after transplanting into the field.
(3) According to the type of culture medium, it is divided into:
1, solid culture: agar, carrageenan and other curing.
2. Semi-liquid and semi-solid culture: solid-liquid double layer.
3. Liquid culture: shaking, rotating or standing culture.
(four) according to the way of regeneration is divided into:
1, callus pathway;
2. Bud proliferation pathway:
3. Protocorm pathway:
4. Somatic embryogenesis pathway: