(1) Application of antibiotics: The main pathogen of acute otitis media is Gram-positive cocci or Haemophilus influenzae, so penicillin or cephalosporin is generally effective. It takes 5 ~ 7 days after the pus stops, so 10 ~ 14 days is generally used. Early external auditory canal pus was taken for culture and drug sensitivity test. If the treatment effect is not good, appropriate antibiotics can be used according to this result.
(2) Local medication: First, thoroughly clean the pus in the external auditory canal with 3% hydrogen peroxide, and then drop the antibiotic solution into the ear. Antibiotic solution commonly used chloramphenicol, chlortetracycline and compound neomycin. , local medication until suppuration stops.
(3) To promote the drainage of eustachian tube, 1% ephedrine solution or compound ephedrine solution can be used for nasal drip or nasal spray.
(4) Surgical treatment.
① Tympanic membrane puncture: When the treatment of secretory otitis media is ineffective by conservative antibiotics and nasal drops, the puncture site should be in the front lower quadrant or the back lower quadrant of tympanic membrane tension.
② Tympanic membrane catheterization: This operation can be considered for those who have not recovered after repeated puncture through the tympanic membrane or have formed chronic secretory otitis media.
③ Tympanotomy: Acute suppurative otitis media with severe systemic symptoms. At this time, the tympanic membrane is not perforated or perforated, but the perforation is small and the drainage is not smooth.
④ Mastoidectomy: Acute suppurative otitis media develops into mastoiditis, and mastoidectomy should be performed when the above treatment is ineffective and complications are possible.
To prevent this disease, we must first prevent upper respiratory tract infection, including reasonable diet, strengthening nutrition and strengthening physical fitness; Pay attention to indoor ventilation and appropriate outdoor activities in winter; Increase or decrease clothes with the change of temperature.
Acute otitis media in children is often associated with chronic nasopharyngeal diseases, such as adenoidal hypertrophy, chronic tonsillitis, chronic rhinitis and sinusitis. Active treatment should be taken, and adenoids and tonsils should be surgically removed if necessary.
Acute suppurative otitis media often leaves tympanic membrane perforation after treatment. At this time, special attention should be paid to prevent recurrence. First, prevent upper respiratory tract infection; The second is to avoid water in the ears. Be especially careful when washing your face and taking a bath. Once water enters, it will cause the recurrence of acute suppurative otitis media. To this end, you can use a large cotton ball coated with vaseline to block the affected ear and take it out after bathing. Generally speaking, most pores can grow well.