The beauty of the West Lake and the famous Longjing tea have long been famous in the world. Visiting the West Lake and drinking Longjing tea are the best enjoyment for tourists in Hangzhou. West Lake Longjing tea is produced in the mountains around the West Lake. Its quality characteristics are: flat and beautiful appearance, green color, mellow aroma, mellow inner quality, soaked in a cup, green bud leaves, like water hibiscus, lifelike. West Lake Longjing Tea is famous for its green color, strong fragrance, sweet taste and beautiful shape.

The excellent quality of Longjing tea is formed by fine processing technology. Using 1 leaf 1 bud and 2-leaf 1 bud as raw materials, it is made by several processes, such as spreading, frying in green pot, moisture regain, screening, steaming, screening and sorting (removing yellow tablets and tea powder), dust removal, storage and so on. The frying process of Longjing tea is very complicated. According to different fresh leaf raw materials and different frying stages, ten techniques of "shaking, patting, pressing, spreading, throwing, buckling, standing, grasping, pressing and grinding" are adopted respectively. Anyone who has seen the whole frying process of Longjing tea will think that Longjing tea is indeed a beautiful handicraft.

It is advisable to drink Longjing tea in a glass. Add 200ml of 80℃ hot water to 3g of tea. After brewing for 3-5 minutes, you can smell the fragrance, watch the color and taste.

In the past, Longjing tea in West Lake was divided into five categories: lion, dragon, cloud, tiger and plum. Lion brand name is produced in Shifeng area of Longjing, Dragon brand name is produced in Longjing and Wengjiashan area, Cloud brand name is produced in Wuyunshan area, Tiger brand name is produced in Hupao area, and Mei brand name is produced in meijiawu area. Among them, it is recognized that the products produced by Shifeng have the best aroma quality.

Second, Wuyi Rock Tea

Dahongpao is the best quality of Wuyi rock tea. Wuyi rock tea is produced in Wuyishan, Fujian. Wuyishan is located in the southeast of Chong 'an, Fujian, 60 kilometers away from Fiona Fang, with 36 peaks and 99 rocks. Rock has tea, tea is named after rock, and rock is distinguished by tea, hence the name rock tea. Wuyishan has a long history of tea production. Tea was planted in the Tang Dynasty and was listed as a royal tribute in the Song Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, a royal tea garden was set up along the Jiuqu River in Wuyishan to collect tribute tea and create oolong tea in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

There are many varieties of tea trees planted in Wuyishan, such as Dahongpao, Luohan, Bletilla striata, Shuijinggui, etc., and some are named after the growing environment of tea trees, such as invisible paradise and golden key. Named after the shapes of tea trees, such as drunken begonia, drunken Dong Bin, scarab, phoenix fern, jade unicorn, a fragrant branch, etc. Named after the shape of tea, such as melon seeds, money, bamboo, golden wicker, willow, etc. Named after the early and late germination of tea trees, such as spring willow and spring; Named after tea flavor, such as cinnamon, stone frankincense, white musk, etc.

"Dahongpao" is a fir tea tree, which grows on the Gaoyan Cliff in Kowloon, Wuyishan. The "Dahongpao" stone carving made by the monks of Tianxin Temple in 1927 is still preserved on the rock wall, where the sunshine is short, the light is reflected more, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and Koizumi infiltrates and drips on the top of the rock all the year round. This special natural environment has created the special quality of Dahongpao. At present, there are 6 kinds of tea trees in Dahongpao, all of which are shrubs with thick leaves and reddish buds. When the sun shines on tea trees and rocks, the rock light is reflected and the red color is very bright. There is another touching legend about the origin of "Dahongpao". It is said that the monks of Tianxin Temple cured an emperor's illness with tea leaves made from tea buds on the rock wall of Kowloon. The emperor put a red robe on the tea tree to show his gratitude. The red robe dyed the tea tree red, hence the name "Dahongpao".

"Dahongpao" tea tree was tested by Wuyishan Tea Research Institute, and the asexual propagation technology was successful. After breeding and planting, it can be mass-produced.

The processing technology of "Dahongpao" tea is similar to other rock teas, but it is more refined. Picking new buds with leaves open for 3-4 days every spring, drying in the sun, cooling, cooking, frying, primary kneading, re-frying, re-kneading, boiling in water, winnowing, spreading, cooling, picking, redrying, re-winnowing and fire-supplementing.

Third, Huangshan Mao Feng.

Huangshan Mountain is located between Shexian County, Taiping County, Xiuning County and Ganxian County in Anhui Province. There are towering and strange peaks, vigorous and colorful Jinsong, clear and turbulent mountain springs and fluctuating clouds. Known as the "four wonders" of Huangshan Mountain, it is fascinating. Xu Xiake, a famous traveler in the Ming Dynasty, pushed Huangshan Mountain to the top of the famous mountain in China, leaving a famous saying that "the five mountains return without looking at the mountains, and Huangshan Mountain returns without looking at the mountains".

Huangshan area, because of its high mountains, good soil quality, warmth and humidity, is full of fog in the morning and evening on sunny days and clouds in rainy days, which is very suitable for the growth of tea trees and has a long history of tea production. According to historical records, Huangshan tea was quite famous more than 400 years ago. "Huang Shanzhi" said: "Tea is kept in a crevice next to the Lotus Temple, which is fragrant and cold, and attacks people's palate, so it is called Huangshan Yunwu Tea". According to legend, this is the predecessor of Huangshan Mao Feng. Huizhou Fuzhi records: "Tea production in Huangshan started in Song Jiayou and flourished in Qin Long in Ming Dynasty". When did the real Huangshan Mao Feng tea come into being? According to the records of Huizhou Chamber of Commerce, it originated in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty (1875 or so). At that time, Xie Zhengan (Zi Jinghe), a tea merchant in Shexian County, opened the "Xie Yutai" tea shop. In order to meet the market demand, around the Qingming Festival, he personally led people to Chongchuan, Tangkou and other famous gardens to collect fertilizers and young leaves.

Huangshan Mao Feng Tea is produced in Huangshan Scenic Area and its neighboring areas such as Tangkou, Chongchuan, Gangcun, Fangcun, Yangcun and Changtan, among which Taohuafeng, Yungu Temple, Ciguang Pavilion, Gangcun and Chongchuan have the best quality. Huangshan Mao Feng is divided into special grade and first, second and third grades. The super Huangshan Mao Feng was harvested before and after the Qingming Festival, 1 bud, 1 leaf, and other grades were harvested 1 bud, 1, 2 leaves or 1 bud, 2 or 3 leaves. Choose high-grade tea with strong buds and much hair. After light wiping, it is inactivated at high temperature, fried and baked.

Mao Feng, unique to Huangshan Mountain, looks like a sparrow tongue, with exposed white hair, ivory color and golden fish leaves. After brewing, the aroma is high and long, the soup color is clear, the taste is fresh, thick, mellow and sweet, and the leaves are light yellow and fat. Among them, "golden fish leaves" and "ivory color" are two obvious features that distinguish the Super Huangshan Mao Feng from other Mao Feng.

For the tasting of Huangshan Mao Feng, the water temperature should be about 80℃ when brewing. Glass or white porcelain teacups will do. Generally, it can be brewed with water for 2-3 times.

Fourth, Luan melon slices

"Tang and Song chronicles all produced tea in Yunshouzhou. At that time, the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Huoshan Lishouzhou and Li Anfeng County were all in Yunshouzhou. Today's natives say: Shouzhou also produces tea, and the famous cloud is the best, which can ease the stagnation and unload the burden ... "(Qing Daoguang's Shouzhou Zhi). Tang Sheng County is now Lu 'an County. It can be seen that Lu 'an tea is one of the famous teas known since the Tang Dynasty.

There is no textual research on the historical origin and historical materials of Luan melon slices. Over the years, many tea workers have traced their roots and gained something. There are two more credible legends. First, around 1905, Lu 'an Tea Company appraised the tea makers, and picked the young leaves and removed the stems of the purchased green tea as a new product. The information spread like wildfire, and the tea shop in Mazhai, Jinzhai, heard the news and hired tea workers, such as picking tea by law, and named it "Fengchi" (meaning Bee Wing). This inspired a local tea shop to remove the stems and buds from the fresh leaves collected from the back of Tongtou Mountain and fry the young leaves separately from the old ones. In this way, the color, aroma, taste and shape of the finished tea make the "peak wings" dwarf. So nearby tea farmers rushed to learn and imitated. This kind of flaky tea looks like sunflower seeds, and one by one is called "melon seeds". Later it was called "melon slices".

Second, the rich man of Zhujialou near "Ma bu" or horse stance just look is related to Yuan Shikai. I wish my family filial piety with local products. Yuan is addicted to tea, which is an essential gift. However, the local tea, chrysanthemum tea and Maojian tea at that time could not satisfy Yuan. 1905 or so, in order to please Yuan, local experienced tea makers were hired in Houchong, and the young leaves of 1 12 of spring tea were specially selected, fried with a broom and baked with charcoal fire. The new tea made is beautiful in appearance and high in quality, which won Yuan's appreciation. Local tea shops are also paying high prices to encourage tea farmers to imitate. After the new tea went on the market, it was far and near famous, even worse than Fengyi. Although the quality of abundant wings is better than that of big tea, the harvesting technology is the same as that of big tea. However, melon chips stand out, with their own characteristics in color, fragrance, ignorance and shape, which have increasingly won the favor of drinkers and gradually developed into famous tea in China.

Time has changed, and it is difficult to tell the truth from the false. However, the above two legends are consistent in three points. First, Luan Guapian 1905 or so; Secondly, the producing area of Lu 'an melon slices is in Houchong near Qitou Mountain of Ma bu in Jinzhai County, and Ma bu has been submerged and disappeared with the completion of Xianghongdian Reservoir. But in the past, it was once the main distribution center of Lu' an melon slices; Thirdly, the picking and processing technology of melon slices in Lu 'an, based on big tea, absorbed the essence of orchid tea and Maojian manufacturing technology and gradually created success. At present, there are many similarities between tea making tools and technology and big tea. At present, spring tea is used to make melon slices, and summer tea is still used to make big tea, forming a combined system.

Lu' an melon slices are shaped like a melon-shaped single piece, naturally flat, with slightly upturned leaf edges, green color, uniform size and no bud tips and tea stalks; The fragrance is Gao Shuang, the taste is fresh and mellow, the soup color is clear, and the leaves are green and tender. In the past, it was divided into three varieties according to the harvest season: the "pedicle" harvested in Grain Rain has the best quality; The bulk products collected afterwards are called "melon slices"; In rainy season, fresh leaves are thick and old, and their quality is poor, which is called "plum slices". At present, the "Qishan business card" is divided into 1 ~ 3, and the inner mountain melon slices and outer mountain melon slices are divided into 4 grades and 8 grades.

Lu 'an melon chips are unique among the famous teas in China. Their picking, pulling, frying and baking techniques are unique and their quality is unique. Although its production history is less than 100 years, it is incomparable to many famous teas in terms of current production scale and technical expertise. In order to make full use of fresh leaf resources, tea workers in Jinzhai County recently made the bud tip of "needle handle" into a new famous tea-"Qishan Cuimei", which is smart in eyebrow shape, vivid in image, green and fresh, and was awarded as a famous tea in the evaluation meeting of Xi famous tea held by the Ministry of Agriculture 1989.

Five, junshan silver needle

"Talking about sweeping the Ming Lake to open a jade mirror, Danqing painting Junshan" (Li Bai's poem), "Looking at the green mountains and waters in Dongting, a plate of green snails on a silver plate" (Liu Yuxi's poem). This is a lyric poem about Dongting Junshan written by two great poets in the Tang Dynasty. "Jade mirror embedded in Junshan, silver plate supporting green snail" is indeed a magnificent spectacle. Junshan and Junshan famous tea have always had an indissoluble bond. There is a poem in "Wan Nianchun" in the Qing Dynasty: "Try to eat sparrow spring and sparrow tongue, which looks like Junshan."

Yueyang City, where Junshan is located, was called Yuezhou in ancient times. Fan Zhiming's Records of Yueyang Terrestrial Habits in the Northern Song Dynasty recorded the tea of Tanhu Lake. In the Qing Dynasty, Jiang Yu recorded in Xiaoxiang Listening to the Rain: "Hunan middle-class tea is different. ..... and the Maojian of Dongting Junshan is the first. Although it is not as good as other products, the output is not much, which is not comprehensive enough. " In Qing Dynasty, Yuan Mei recorded in Suiyuan Food List: "Tea is produced in Junshan, Dongting, with the same color and taste as Longjing. The leaves are slightly wider and green, and they are rarely picked. " Huang Benji's "Wu Fangzhi, Hunan" in Qing Dynasty comprehensively described the general situation of tea production in Hunan. When describing Yuezhou tea, the author not only quoted Yueyang's local customs, Xiaoxiang's listening to the rain and eating with the garden, but also quoted Shunnan's provincial records, "Junshan in Baling produces tea, which is as green as lotus plums, and was a tribute at the age of five." Zhuang Wan Fang's book "Famous Tea in China" says: The "Laojunmei Tea" in A Dream of Red Mansions is Junshan Silver Needle.

In Tsui Hark's Xiang Meng, it is described that the literati comment on tea by tasting it, saying that the taste of tea is "light and clear", neither too light nor too strong is good, so Junshan is expensive. He also said, "Dongpo Cloud, tea is white, taste Junshan tea, and tea is white." There are more than ten tea trees in Junshan Temple. When they germinate, Yuezhou sends guards to guard them to prevent theft. At the age of 20, they were used as tributes to suburban days, and their leaves were washed clean ... "The Dongpo in the article is Su Shi, a layman in the Dongpo of the Northern Song Dynasty. It can be seen that tea production in Junshan began in the Tang and Song Dynasties.

Junshan silver needle manufacturing is particularly exquisite and unique. It is divided into three working procedures: enzyme fixation, spreading and cooling, primary drying, primary packaging, secondary drying, spreading and cooling, secondary packaging and full fire, which lasted for more than 70 hours.

The storage of Junshan silver needle is very particular. Heat and mash gypsum, spread it on the bottom of the box, pad it with two layers of leather paper, pack the tea leaves into small bags with leather paper, put it on the leather paper, and seal the box cover. As long as you pay attention to changing the plaster in time, the quality of silver needles will remain unchanged for a long time.

Junshan silver needle belongs to bud tea. Because of the excellent varieties of tea trees, the trees are strong and the branches are sparse, and the buds are fat and heavy. There are about 25,000 buds per catty of Yinzhen tea. Junshan silver needle has a unique style, less annual output and excellent quality, and is the messenger of national famous tea. Its bud head is fat and firm, the bud body is golden, the slope is full of silver, the soup color is orange and bright, the aroma is pure, the taste is sweet and refreshing, and the leaf bottom is bright yellow. Junshan Yinzhen products are divided into special grade, 1 grade and No.2 grade according to the fat degree of bud head.

Junshan silver needle is known as "gold inlaid with jade" because of its excellent quality, and won the gold medal at 1956 Leipzig International Expo. Its price is also the highest among the famous teas in China at present.