Category root class

The different names are Huan Rao, Qiu Zhou (Er Ya), Ji Shu (Classic) and Ku Yuan Zhi (Southern Yunnan Materia Medica).

Source is the root of polygala tenuifolia.

Plant morphology: polygala tenuifolia, also known as: tea tree, bachelor tea, chicken fir tree, line tea, hawthorn, rice tea, swallow grass, polygala tenuifolia, flower December.

Perennial herb, 25 ~ 40 cm tall. The root is cylindrical. The stems are clustered, with a diameter of about 1 mm, and the upper part is green. Leaves alternate, linear or narrow, 0.8 ~ 4 cm long and 0.5 ~ 65438 0 mm wide, with acuminate apex, acuminate base, entire, obvious midvein, hairless or slightly pilose; Sessile or nearly sessile. Racemes are lateral, 5 ~ 12 cm long; Flowers pale blue; 5 calyx, 3 smaller, linear-lanceolate, 2 petals on both sides, oblong-obovate; Slightly bent and inclined; There are 2 petals, the base is United, the petals on both sides are obovate, the central petal is large, keel-shaped, and the top is attached with fringed appendages; Stamens 8, filaments base compound into sheath shape; Pistil 1, ovary obovate, flat, 2-loculed, style curved, stigma 2-lobed. Capsule oblate, inverted heart-shaped, 4 ~ 5 mm long, green and smooth, with narrow wings at the edge, persistent calyx at the base, oval seeds, slightly oblate, brownish black, densely covered with white fluff. The flowering period is from May to July. The fruiting period is from June to August.

Born on sunny slopes or roadsides. Distributed in Northeast China, North China, Northwest China and Shandong, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu and other places.

The seedlings (grass) of this plant are also used as medicine, which is detailed in another article.

Collect roots before emergence in spring or after overground parts wither in autumn, remove residues and soil, and dry them in the shade or in the sun. When fresh, choose thicker roots to be loosely held together with wooden sticks or rubbed by hand. Remove the wooden heart, that is, "polygala tenuifolia tube"; The thinner roots are broken with a stick to remove the wood core, which is called "polygala tenuifolia meat"; The smallest root does not go to the wood heart, which is called "Polygala stick".

Medicinal material ① polygala tenuifolia

Tubular, hollow and not straight, with a length of 3 ~ 12 cm and a diameter of 0.3 ~ 1 cm. The surface is gray or grayish yellow. There are dense and deep lateral wrinkles, and some have fine longitudinal lines and tiny pimple-like root marks. Brittle and easily broken, with a flat yellow-white cross section, slightly grassy, slightly bitter and spicy, with a prickly throat.

② polygala tenuifolia

Many of them have been broken. The meat is thin with few horizontal stripes.

③ polygala tenuifolia

Also known as: polygala tenuifolia stem and polygala tenuifolia bone. Small, with a hard yellow wooden core in the middle.

Location: Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hebei, Henan and other places. In addition, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Anhui, Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning and other places are also produced.

In addition, there is a root of polygala tenuifolia, which is also used for polygala tenuifolia. It is called "local polygala tenuifolia" and "sweet polygala tenuifolia" among herbs in southern Yunnan. See the article "Sweet Vision".

Saponins are contained in the roots of chemical components. After hydrolysis, two kinds of sapogenin crystals can be obtained, namely polygala tenuifolia saponin A and polygala tenuifolia saponin B. Recently, a saponin polygala tenuifolia, namely 3-β- glucoside of 2β, 27- dihydroxy -23- carboxyoleanolic acid, was isolated from the roots of this plant and polygala tenuifolia. It also contains polygala alcohol, N- acetylglucosamine, alkaloid polygala alkali, fatty oil, resin, etc.

Pharmacological action ① expectorant effect

Polygalae contains plant saponins, which can affect gastric mucosa and cause mild nausea, thus reflexively increasing bronchial secretion and having expectorant effect. Oral administration of the extract can promote tracheal secretion in dogs, and the action intensity is: polygala tenuifolia > platycodon grandiflorum > polygala tenuifolia. If phenol red is used, the excretion rule is: polygala tenuifolia > polygala tenuifolia > platycodon grandiflorum. However, oral polygala tenuifolia decoction (1g/kg) could not increase tracheal mucus secretion in anesthetized dogs, which may be caused by animals under anesthesia.

② Effect on uterus

The decoction of polygala tenuifolia has an exciting effect on the isolated pregnant uterus of guinea pigs, rabbits, cats and dogs. Intravenous injection of 6.6% decoction of 3 ~ 6 ml (weight 16.5 kg) also has an obvious exciting effect on the pregnant uterus of dogs.

③ Hemolysis

Polygalae is similar to Platycodon grandiflorum, which contains saponin and also has the function of dissolving red blood cells. The hemolysis intensity is: polygala tenuifolia > polygala tenuifolia > platycodon grandiflorum, and the hemolysis effect of polygala tenuifolia is stronger than that of polygala tenuifolia.

Processing of Radix Polygalae: removing impurities, cutting into sections, and sieving to remove ash. Roasting Radix Polygalae: decoct Radix Glycyrrhizae, remove Radix Polygalae, add Cortex Polygalae with wood removed, cook with slow fire until the water of Radix Polygalae is completely absorbed, take out and dry in the sun. (Every 100 kg of Radix Polygalae uses 6 kg and 4 Liang of licorice) Honey Radix Polygalae: add appropriate amount of boiling water to refine honey and mix well, stir-fry Radix Polygalae, slightly stuffy, stir-fry until it is not sticky, take it out and let it cool. (Every 100 kg of Polygalae is baked with 20 kg of refined honey)

(1) On tripterygium wilfordii: "If you want to be ambitious, you must focus on it first. It is boring if you don't pay attention to it. " I lost my heart. I will soak it in the cooked licorice soup overnight, filter it out and let it dry.

(2) deserved materia medica: "(polygala tenuifolia) soaked in rice swill, smashed by hammer, and used for heart removal."

Bitter and bitter, warm.

1 Classic: "Bitter but warm."

② Don't record: "Non-toxic."

(3) The Classic of Materia Medica: "Bitter but slightly pungent, warm in nature."

(4) Medical fever in the west: "The taste is sour and slightly pungent, and the nature is flat."

Meridian enters heart and kidney meridians.

① Wang: "Kidney meridian divides qi."

② southern Yunnan materia medica: "into the heart, liver and spleen."

Function: soothe the nerves, improve intelligence, eliminate phlegm and relieve depression. Treat fright, amnesia, wet dream, insomnia, cough with excessive phlegm, carbuncle swelling and pain.

(1) Eliminating phlegm and inducing resuscitation: It can be used for phlegm and blood stasis and mental disorder, and can be combined with Acorus calamus and Radix Curcumae.

(2) Tong Xin Shen: It is used for insomnia caused by disharmony between heart and kidney. It is often used with Poria cocos and Ziziphus jujuba seeds.

(1) Classic: "When the main cough is reversed, it can tonify deficiency and dispel evil, benefit nine orifices, benefit wisdom, be smart in eyes and ears, never forget, and have a strong will."

② Notes on Materia Medica: "Kill Tianxiong and Fuzi Poison."

③ Don't record: "Calm the heart and stop the convulsion, benefit the essence and qi, and remove the diaphragm qi under the heart, with hot skin and yellow face."

(4) Theory of medicinal properties: "Treat the mind, strengthen the spring, and strengthen the aphrodisiac road. The master dreams of evil. "

⑤ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "The main diaphragm is shocked, the muscles are long, and the bones and muscles are helped. When a woman bleeds, she loses her voice and the child is sad. "

⑥ Wang: "Treat kidney accumulation and run the dolphin."

⑦ Outline: "Treating carbuncle."

8 southern Yunnan herbs: "nourish the heart and soothe the nerves, resolve phlegm and produce fluid." Five cases of epilepsy, convulsion, spitting, trembling hands and feet, unconsciousness and decreased defecation were treated, and red and white turbidity, paste dripping and nocturnal emission were treated. "

Pet-name ruby "rejuvenation of materia medica": "promoting qi to dissipate depression and resolving phlegm."

Oral administration and dosage: decocted, 1 ~ 3 yuan; Soak in wine or take pills or powder.

Fire in heart and kidney is taboo, and people with yin deficiency and hyperactivity of yang should not take it.

(1) Notes on Materia Medica: "Get Poria cocos, sunflower seeds and keel." Afraid of pearls, veratrum, cockroaches and clams. "

② Theory of medicinal properties: "grub phobia."

Party A is guilty of deficiency of five internal organs, even sad and unhappy, and suddenly likes to forget things and play at dusk, and feels dizzy: Acorus calamus, Polygalae (removing heart), Poria, and Ginseng. Take four kinds of herbs, pound them under the sieve, take a square dagger, and eat them later. On the third day, take honey pills like buttonwood, and on the fifth day, take six or seven pills. ("Ancient and Modern Records" Zhi Ding Pill)

② Treatment of neurasthenia, forgetfulness, palpitation, dreaminess and insomnia: Radix Polygalae (ground), one yuan per dose, twice a day, with rice soup. (Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine)

(3) Treating long-term heartache: one or two of Polygalae (removing the heart) and Acorus calamus (finely cutting). Two flavors, sifted roughly, San Qian finished, each with Yi Deng water, fried for seven minutes, and served at any time. ("Total Record of Shengji" Yuan Zhi Decoction)

(4) Treating carbuncle, backache and furuncle poison, but it can't be cured, regardless of cold and heat: Polygalae (washing the mud with soup, beating the heart) is the end, and a glass of wine is served, and San Qian is adjusted at the end. Later, I clarified that I drank it and applied it to the sick place with me. ("Sanyinfang" Polygalae Wine)

⑤ Treatment of sore throat: Polygalae is the end, blow it and spit it out. (Ren Zhai Zhi Fang)

⑥ Treating headache due to brain wind is unbearable: Polygalae (removing heart), smashing Luo and dispersing. Every time you use half a word, you should first fill your mouth with water, that is, the medicine still hurts when you put it in your nose. ("Sheng Ji Zong Lu" Yuan Zhisan)

⑦ Treating qi stagnation and swelling account, the drug is ineffective: polygala tenuifolia (fried with bran). Take five yuan a day, plus three slices of ginger. ("Materia Medica")

⑧ Treatment of red and turbid urine: half a catty of polygala tenuifolia (licorice boiled, heart removed), two ounces of poria cocos (wood removed) and two ounces of Alpinia oxyphylla. The top is fine powder, and the batter cooked with wine is pills, such as the size of an airplane. Take 50 capsules each time and send jujube soup to the clinic. ("Zhu Shi Ji Yan Fang Yi" Yuan Zhi Pill)

Pet-name ruby cure chest blow: Polygalae wine decoction, I apply it to the affected area. (pocket square towel)

Indications: amnesia. Take ambition as the end and take it.

⑾ Chest obstruction and heartache (unfavorable qi in diaphragm, unable to eat). Pulverizing Cortex et Radix Polygalae, Cortex Cinnamomi, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Asari, Fructus Zanthoxyli (parched) and Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (processed), adding honey, and making into meatballs, the size of which is like five pills. Take three tablets each time and send rice juice. Take it three times a day. If it doesn't work, you can increase the dose slightly. Do not eat pork, cold water, raw leeks. This recipe is called "Xiaocao Pill".

⑿ sore throat. Take the meat of polygala as the end, blow the pain, and take saliva as the degree.

【 13 】 headache due to brain wind. Inhale polygala tenuifolia into nose.

[14] Pain caused by chest blowing. Polygalae baked, two yuan for wine. The residue was applied to the affected area.

⒂ All kinds of carbuncle. Soak polygala tenuifolia in rice washing water, pat off the heart and grind it into fine powder. Every time you take San Qian, make it clear with a glass of hot wine. Drink the clear juice and apply the residue to the affected area.

[14] The urine is red and turbid. Use half a catty of polygala tenuifolia (cooked with licorice), poria cocos and Alpinia oxyphylla to grind into powder. Add wine and paste to make balls as big as balls. Take 50 capsules each time on an empty stomach and send jujube soup.

Remind you: Polygala this Chinese herbal medicine comes from the Internet, please follow the doctor's advice before using it.