Lu Dimin
When and where did the word "Tai Chi" first originate? Does Tai Ji Chuan's philosophical foundation belong to Taoism or Confucianism? This is a problem that Tai Ji Chuan fans are very concerned about. However, the academic views are not consistent.
Most scholars or teacher Tai Ji Chuan think that the word "Tai Chi" comes from Yi Zhuan. Cohesion: "Tai Chi is easy, that is, two instruments give birth to four images, and four images give birth to gossip." According to some archaeological discoveries and philosophical studies in recent years, this view has been challenged.
On the philosophical basis of Tai Ji Chuan, the traditional view comes from Taoism. First, Tai Ji Chuan originated from Zhang Sanfeng, a Taoist priest in Wudang, and belonged to Wutang School. Second, Tai Ji Chuan's basic theory comes from the works of Laozi, the founder of Taoism. 1925, Chen Weiming attached Taiji River to Taiji Zhuanshu.
The article in Lao Shuo quotes (Article 12 of Lao Zi explains Tai Ji Chuan Principle. The late famous scholar Mr. Meng Naichang published the article "Lao Zi and Tai Ji Chuan" in Wudang MagazineNo. 1990,No. 1 and No.2, and then listed 52 original articles of "Lao Zi" to explain Tai Ji Chuan's principle. However, some authors assert in their works: "There is no doubt that the classical philosophy of Taiji Zhuan is based on Zhouyi. When it comes to the classical philosophical basis of Taiji Chuan, some people think that it is Laozi's theory, which is incorrect. "
In this regard, the author has also made some discussions in recent years, and the following is my humble opinion. Welcome to correct me.
Taiji was first published in Zhuangzi.
When it comes to Yi, there are so-called "Geng Yi Sansheng" and "Li Shi San Gu". In other words, Fu is "innate gossip"; Zhou Wenwang wrote the Eight Diagrams the Day After Tomorrow, which evolved the Eight Diagrams into sixty-four hexagrams. The ten wings written by Confucius are Yi Zhuan. This statement is undoubtedly correct for the view that the system of the Book of Changes has been gradually improved by many people in different times, but its specific content has been questioned since ancient times.
The so-called Zhouyi includes the Book of Changes and the Book of Changes. Yijing is sixty-four hexagrams and their characters, which are used in basins (divination); The Book of Changes is an interpretation of the Book of Changes, which has important philosophical value. The time when they appear is also very different. At present, most scholars believe that the Book of Changes was produced in the early years of the Zhou Dynasty. The Book of Changes, as a non-Confucian work, was written in the middle and late Warring States period, much later than the Book of Changes. From Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty to the research of modern scholars, Confucius' viewpoint of writing Yi Zhuan was completely overthrown. Limited by space, this paper omits relevant textual research materials.
As far as Yi Zhuan is concerned, it is not an overnight work. There are seven kinds of ten chapters in Yi Zhuan, which are image biography, image biography, cohesion, classical Chinese, divination, virtual divination and miscellaneous divination (hence the name "Ten Wings"). According to the research of Professor Zhu Bokun of Peking University, Xiang Chuan was first formed. After the mid-Warring States period, between Mencius and Xunzi, Xiang Chuan was later than Xiang Chuan, and the connection was later than Zhuangzi. After the great master, it is "the writing formed at the end of the Warring States period, and its lower limit can be broken at the end of the Warring States period." (Zhu Bokun: The History of the Book of Changes, Peking University Publishing House, 1986)