Full loss, little gain. Don't be shorter than others because you are strong, and don't be jealous of others' abilities because you are weak. We should know that there are other mountains besides the Five Mountains, and we should keep a modest and cautious attitude towards learning. Only in this way can the journey of life benefit endlessly.
People who are full of loss and pride will never succeed. In a limited environment, Hebo believed that "the beauty of the world lies in oneself". Subjective and one-sided understanding makes Hebo too conceited, which is superficial knowledge. If Hebo doesn't change his pride, he will never see the sea and never know his own insignificance. How sad that would be. In study, we should not be complacent about our little achievements. We should jump out of our own subjective narrow circle and broaden our horizons. Only by constantly studying professional courses, reading more meaningful books and participating in more social activities can we realize our own shortcomings.
As for the North Sea, Hebo lamented his smallness. Only when people have self-knowledge can they study and work soberly. In life, we should always reflect on ourselves and not be complacent because of our limited knowledge. In the sea of knowledge, we should always keep the learning attitude of "three people, one teacher". Pursue true knowledge, pursue a more active life and make life more meaningful.
Modesty is beneficial and makes people progress. "boats and cars are connected, food is born, and people are at a loss." Compared with everything in the universe, man is very small. The world is big, but what individuals do is small. Life is limited and learning is limited. No matter how advanced a person is, it is just a drop in the ocean. Only by maintaining a modest learning attitude and the study life of "a threesome, there must be a teacher" can we realize our ideal in life.
Appreciation of autumn water implication
In general literary appreciation, people often pay attention to seeing the whole leopard from a glimpse and oppose taking it out of context, because taking it out of context is only a paragraph of the article, which is often inconsistent with the original intention or even the opposite, and is prone to mistakes. In fact, it is not necessarily a bad thing to take it out of context. Sometimes we can see optimism from pessimism and find positive factors from negativity by using this method. This is the case with The Moral Understanding of Qiu Shui (excerpt), the first volume of senior high school Chinese published by People's Education Press.
The article "Autumn Water" is intended to show that everything in the world is relative, temporary and unpredictable. Zhuangzi used this article to promote his relativism and agnosticism. Although there are dialectical factors in this way of understanding things, it belongs to the subjective idealism system and is not desirable. However, when Zhuangzi expressed his thoughts, he seldom made abstract summaries or theoretical logical arguments. He likes to use fables to explain the truth and visualize philosophy. People's understanding of fables often exceeds Zhuangzi's own writing intention. The excerpt of the text is the opening paragraph of the full text of Qiushui. The author originally described Hebo's magnificent and smug story of seeing the Yellow River, but after seeing the North Sea, he lamented that the size of things was relative. However, as an independent fable, it brings us multiple inspirations, such as:
Don't stick to your own opinions and stand still;
(2) Maintain the virtue of modesty, which benefits and is full of losses;
3 people are self-aware;
(4) Only comparison can distinguish;
5 shy, almost brave;
6 stand tall and see far;
7 arrogance is due to ignorance;
Only by constantly surpassing ourselves can we develop;
Pet-name ruby to have a broad mind and lofty aspirations;
Attending personal knowledge is limited, to understand that there are mountains outside the mountain, there are days behind, to study hard and make continuous progress;
……
Can you say that these fables do not conform to the fables themselves? And so many revelations are taken out of context. In fact, people's understanding of Zhuangzi's other articles is mostly like this. For example, in the article "The Lord of Health Preservation", it is a negative philosophy of life to explain the way to avoid all contradictions with the story of an expert who solves cows. But just looking at this story, we can get the following enlightenment: everything has its objective laws. As long as you practice repeatedly and accumulate experience, you can understand like an expert. His famous saying "My life is limited, but my knowledge is limited" has been inspiring people to study against time for thousands of years and master as much knowledge as possible in a limited life. In fact, the back of this sentence is "with the limit, it is almost impossible; Knowing what you already know is almost the same. " Connecting the whole sentence is: "human life is limited, but the ocean of knowledge is infinite." It is dangerous to pursue infinite knowledge with limited life. In this case, if you continue to pursue it, you will fall into a more dangerous situation and cannot extricate yourself. " It turns out that what he means is to tell people not to pursue knowledge, which runs counter to our understanding!
In short, taking things out of context under special circumstances will bring us unexpected gains. As long as we learn to draw positive and beneficial elements from it, we will know things, understand life and enhance our ideological realm. But remember: this way of understanding articles is only suitable for individual articles and is not universal. Visible, along the river → sea → heaven and earth, and finally reach the realm of Tao, leading us into a broader and better realm. After reading this wonderful article, I realized this wonderful way. After a thousand years, my heart is connected with Zhuangzi's heart, even with the hearts of infinite beings, and with everything in the universe, and I feel at ease. The article Qiushui is intended to show that everything in the world is relative, temporary and unpredictable. Zhuangzi used this article to promote his relativism and agnosticism. Although there are dialectical factors in this way of understanding things, it belongs to the subjective idealism system and is not desirable. When Zhuangzi expressed his thoughts, he seldom made abstract summaries or theoretical logical arguments. He likes to use fables to explain the truth and visualize philosophy. People's understanding of fables often exceeds Zhuangzi's own writing intention. I hope what I said can help you. I wish you progress in your study!