Baoyu: Also called Yu, in Taoism, it originally refers to the "sacred will" conveyed by the immortals, such as the Taoist classic Zhen Yu, which was later extended to a parallel prose praising the immortals, which is one of the specific styles of Daomen. Bao Cheng's flat and even rhythm is very rigorous, and he praises and describes the allusions of Taoist immortals' practice merits in the form of singing, with obscure and refined words. Described a large number of teaching methods, practice methods and so on. Bao Cheng's first sentence begins with "Lifelong Dedication", which shows dedication and worship. Finally, most precious letters are sacred titles of God sealed by patent certificates.
Basic introduction Chinese name: protecting patent attribute: a special style nickname of Taoism: patent seal Pinyin: bo gà o meaning, protecting patent-for example, it means protecting patent seal: also known as patent seal. In Taoism, it originally refers to the "sacred meaning" conveyed by gods, such as the Taoist classic "True Patent", which is very strict, and mostly praises and describes Taoist immortal practice in the form of singing. Described a large number of teaching methods, practice methods and so on. Bao Cheng's first sentence begins with "Lifelong Dedication", which shows dedication and worship. Finally, most precious letters are sacred titles of God sealed by patent certificates. Now it is mostly used for fasting in Taoist Dojo. The fifth volume of the Orthodox Taoist Scripture contains a volume of letters written by the teacher of the True Scripture, which is listed as the patent of "praising the truth of the cave": the original meaning is the same as the accusation, while Shuowen: the patent is the accusation. Delay is top-down communication and command. "Yu Ling Bao Jian" said: "If you slap someone, you will give an order." Ancient emperors also used letters patent to make contributions to courtiers, which was called "imperial edict". The treasure of Taoism and its wonderful use
First, the origin and formation of Baocheng
Taoist bone-hugging is a special style, which consists of two parts: the former is a short parallel prose, and the latter is the name of a god. The Xuanmen Daily, edited by Min Zhiting, points out that:
Zhu Zhenbao's Patent is the truth of Taoist immortal notices in past dynasties. Throughout the ages, it has been emphasized by the Taoist school that it is the key to Taoist daily practice. According to the book, the treasure patent is the admonition of Taoist sages and immortals to believers, and Taoist priests must recite the treasure patent in their daily practice. In addition, in various fasting ceremonies in Taoism, we should also recite treasures and praise the holy deeds and the sacred teachings of our bank to express the wishes of clergy or believers to convert to the holy religion. However, what is the origin of Baocheng? How is it formed? When was it used for fasting? What satisfaction and benefits can you get from reciting patent certificates? These problems are worthy of our in-depth discussion. In order to understand "package patent", we must first define "patent". The style of "patent" originated from Shangshu, the earliest extant document in China, and it is one of the six styles of "Canon, Ink, Instruction, Patent, Oath and Destiny" in The Book of Songs, such as "patent" and "Kang patent". Xu Shen's Shuo Wen Jie Zi, a book written in the Han Dynasty, advocates "writing a patent and suing". Duan Yucai in the Qing Dynasty also explained that patents are "telling people by words, and ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… It can be seen that "patent" is a warning or encouragement word from superiors to subordinates.
After the rise of Taoist order in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, it inherited the viewpoint of "writing letters to inform people". For example, the Letters Patent of the Qing Dynasty, which was written in the Six Dynasties, is a general record of exhortations and encouragements to Yang and Erxu when the immortals of the upper bound descended to earth. At this point, Taoism still only has "prophecies" given by immortals, but not "precious prophecies" written in parallel prose.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, due to the emperor's worship of Taoism, the sacred titles such as Laozi, Zu Shi Tian, Zhenwu Emperor and Jade Emperor were repeatedly conferred with "imperial edicts" and "imperial edicts" written in parallel prose. Therefore, Taoists should follow suit and add a simple parallel prose in front of the immortal's holy name, either written by the immortal, sealed by the imperial court, written by Gao Dao, or sung by the scribes, and become "treasures" such as Jade Qing patent, Laojun patent and Milla patent.
Second, the present situation of Taoist treasure assembly.
Since we have a superficial understanding of the predecessor and formation process of Taoist Bao Pang, we should know about the present situation of Taoist Bao Pang's assembly.
So, in which documents can we find the "treasure patent" of Taoism? The author summarizes it into three major points, namely, Tibetan special books and classics, supplementary documents in Qing Dynasty, Taoist temple and folk Luan Tang printed copies, which are listed as follows.
(a) "Tibetan" books and classics
Before the Ming Dynasty, Taoist scriptures were lost. The existing Taoist scriptures are Zhang Yuchu (1359~ 14 10) and Zhang Guoxiang (? ~ 16 1 1) Wanli Collection, supplemented by Shi Tian. Collected Taoist scriptures, 5485 volumes.
Because the system of "patent package" belongs to parallel prose, it is regarded as a real tribute to the gods. Therefore, there is a book "Letters Patent of the Masters" in the praise category of the Cave True Classics Department of the Orthodox Taoist Collection, which contains three books: Sanqing, Yusi, Chen Jiu, Sanguan, the founders of various factions and Buhler's main guardian. Since this book has already included Zhang Jixian (1092~ 1 127), Shi Tian in the Northern Song Dynasty, the treasures of the five ancestors of Quanzhen Road in Jinyuan and Beiqi Road, etc., it must be written after the appearance of the seven treasures at the latest. The five ancestors' letters patent and the seven true letters patent respect the five ancestors as the emperor and the seven true kings respectively. According to the textual research of Tao Prize Collection edited by Ren, The Imperial Decree of Five Ancestors and Seven Truths was written in three years (13 10), so it is considered that the compilation of this book should be "dang".
In addition, the Taoist scriptures included in the orthodox Taoist scriptures also contain immortal treasures. For example, it describes Mazu (Moline Niang, 960? ~989? ) The source "Tai Shang Lao Jun said Tian Fei's Effective Sutra for Saving Suffering" includes Mazu's treasure.
(2) Supplementary documents in Qing Dynasty
The Qing dynasty paid less attention to Taoism, so it didn't rebuild the Taoist collection in an official position. However, people of insight, including Patten's quest for Taoism in the reign of Kangxi, Jiang in the reign of Ganjia, and Xiang in He Long in the late Qing Dynasty, all engaged in the reconstruction and supplement of Taoist collections, which became today's collections of Taoist collections and made great contributions to the newly published Taoist collections in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
In the Taoist books, there are abundant records of Taoist sacred objects, which is the second part of the book Hong Fan Dao Men Operation compiled by Liu. As a ceremony for believers, "afternoon homework" includes 64 articles, including Sanqing, Yusi, Quadrupole, Four Pass, Important Taoist Priests, Eight Immortals, Meritorious Gods, and Protecting the Law.
Secondly, written by Liu, Shou Jing, Shi Shoujian, Mei Shoupu and Co-author and revised by Jiang, 32 new Taoist confessions were published.
In addition, the Operation Sutra of Taishang Xuanmen Morning Altar and Operation Sutra of Taishang Xuanmen Evening Altar recited by Quanzhen Taoist in the morning and evening include 2/kloc-0 kinds of treasures, such as Sanqing, Yusi, Jiuku, Puhua, Doum, Heather Beidi, Wuzu Qizhen, Sazu and Lingguan. Although the number is small, it is similar to that of Lingguan.
(3) The printed versions of Taoist temple and folk Luan Hall.
In the early years of the Republic of China, Taoism was regarded as a superstitious legacy by academic circles because of the westward spread. Under the ideology of "attaching importance to science but neglecting religion", Taoism was excluded from the national heritage, and failed to get a chance of revival in the first and middle period of the 20th century due to frequent wars and other factors. Fortunately, in the late 20th century, with the vigorous development of temples in Chinese mainland and Hongkong and Taoist temples in Taiwan Province, Taoism was revived. Taoist priests in major temples should also read holy books when holding fasting ceremonies and chanting scriptures. Therefore, the classics, dharma books and science books published in Taoist temples will contain letters to a greater or lesser extent.
For example, Beijing Baiyunguan published scientific and technological books, such as The Life of the Great Fan, The Essentials of Prison Apparatus, Xuan Ji Iron Pot Food, etc., which included treasures such as Dou Fu, Beidou nine planets and Thirty-two Emperors respectively. The Fu Bao Confessions of the Jade Emperor's Guilty was also published in the Qingsong Museum in Hong Kong, and on the basis of the Confessions of the Jade Emperor collected by the orthodox collection, treasures such as naive imperial people, noble gods, love of gods and jade emperor were added. The Taoist Association of China, Mr. Chen Liansheng (19 17~2008) is highly consistent with Mr. Zhang Jiyu, and based on the morning and evening classes of the ancestral hall of Longhu Mountain and Maoshan Mountain, he compiled the Collection and Teaching of Taoist Classics. The door operation part can reflect "the Nangang family, the north is all true"
In addition, the Luantang in Taiwan Province Province, which evolved from the Taoism of the Six Dynasties and the Taoism of the Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, must have a treasure to satirize the gods before the gods' birthdays or reading the classics. Therefore, more specific Luan Tang or a temple with the nature of "Confucianism and Shinto" must be accompanied by treasures in its published classics. For example, Zhen Jing Collection of Liesheng Newspaper published by Zanxiu Hall in Taipei contains 46 letters addressed to some Taoist gods, sages and teachers in Luan Hall system. In the Book of Economic and Trade Cooperation of Saints' Treasures, Taibei Tiangong also took "Treasure Patents" as an independent title of "Please recite Treasure Patents", which included 26 treasure patents of five benefactors, teachers of Lu 'antang and some immortals who contributed to the country. Very impressive.
Clever use of Bao Li's advantages and virtues
The Taoist temple holds morning and evening lessons every day to practice Buddhism. Liu's Preface to the Homework of Hong Fan's Doors said: "So the Doors and Classics are the way to cultivate immortals. If you get the door, you can restore your true colors; You can't forge a bad body because of the road. Therefore, Yu Shi lived in the jungle, burned incense, walked three thousand miles and recited at noon. A ceremony will be held in the morning and evening. I lost my sincerity at night and wished a country forever. "
Another purpose is to keep healthy. Liu Yue said, "How can we maintain harmony without reciting frequently?" . Taoist believers often attend morning classes during Mao's time. At this time, the yang is rising, the yin is motionless, the diet is not advanced, and the qi and blood are not chaotic. Through the morning class, it will play a health care role in calming the pulse. Evening classes are usually held in Youshi, when people are tired, yang declines, yin is abundant and evil spirits wander. Through self-study at night, you can eliminate fatigue, calm anxiety, refresh your mind and help you sleep. So Liu said, "If you can concentrate and be sincere, you will be in the middle of 26 o'clock, go ahead and never look back. You will be born at the end of the world, you will be free from dust, come in and out of nothingness, be free and carefree in the universe, be free, immortal and brilliant in a dust, and go straight beyond the three realms. " If so, he got rid of the dust root of his own thoughts, got rid of the three sufferings in the world, embarked on the road of longevity, crossed the sea of suffering in Hong Tao, eliminated disasters, prayed for blessings, and realized everything. "
Treasure patent is the highest treasure in the world, and it is also a quick and convenient way of practice. If the sky is high, it will be connected with your mortal body, and * * * will create invisible and tangible power, that is, use this treasure to play the role of connection and affinity. Don't think that reading your letter or praying for kindness is negative for you. In fact, because of your struggle, great changes have taken place in the spiritual spirit on the earth. The harder you study, the busier you are. On the other hand, robbery is also very powerful, and your spirit will grow higher and higher because of your spirit, which invisibly creates a body outside your family. So everyone should be aware of this.
Seek treasure, turn to robbery, refine the spirit, prove the truth, and go to court as soon as possible. Homework classics are important classics of Taoist daily recitation and practice. The so-called "homework, teaching one's own merits, realizing one's own nature and practicing one's own way" is the gateway to Taoist practice and seeking truth. The function of the course is to make Taoists cultivate their minds, help Taoism and maintain harmony. Summarizing the contents involved in Gao Bao is a respect for the origin and merits of the gods; The treasure of ancestors is the process of their cultivation and preaching, and the concentration and refinement of their merits and vows. This paper summarizes the contents of Gaobao, and expounds the doctrines, doctrines, health preserving methods and spells that have great influence on Taoism in later generations. It also conforms to the natural spirituality of people's pursuit of truth, perfection, cherishing life and happy life. It is the most important connotation of Baodi.
Taoist priests recite their ancestors' letters every day, and they can know the arduous monastic course of their ancestors in those years, which can serve as a model for Taoist practice today. When you miss your heart, your "body, mouth and heart" that will always belong to you will be photographed. The heart is not calm, the heart is not clear, the gas is not harmonious, and the heart is interdependent. If you are in harmony with heaven and earth, you will get its rare products. They all take care of each other and blend in with each other. If you recite treasures, if you walk without danger, its beauty lies in silence. Treasure patents-For example, in the patent of Thai Bao Qing, we have set up a ceremony to teach people to rob the emperor, teach the emperor, teach the king a pseudonym, teach the way of Wang Litian, show people the way, hide the saints and show officials, and make a total of 2,000 people, and carry out trillions of enlightenment. Today, Gude said that every 5,000 people presided over the life of Yin and Yang, and Lei used the ninth five-year plan to show great compassion and respect for the old gentleman.