1. Adapt to personal characteristics. The same food may be effective for some people, but it may be counterproductive for others. For example, milk is an ideal nutritious food for most people, but a few people lack lactase, which will cause discomfort and diarrhea after eating; Eat the same amount of longan meat, some people can have a good sleep after eating, and some people will get angry and lose sleep. When taking food supplements, frail elderly people should pay attention to distinguish between yang deficiency and yin deficiency. For those with yang deficiency, mutton and dog meat should be used as supplements, while for those with yin deficiency, they should eat more nourishing yin foods such as turtle meat, turtle meat and clam meat.

2. Choose food according to the nature and performance of the disease. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the principles of warming and cooling, cooling and heating, tonifying deficiency and purging excess should be followed in the process of dietotherapy. For diseases, according to their different priorities, we should follow the principle of "treating the symptoms when urgent, and treating the root cause when slow". "Standard" is the clinical manifestation and symptom of the disease, and "root" is the mechanism and pathogenesis of the disease. Generally, chronic diseases usually start from the root causes, while acute diseases usually treat the symptoms first and then the root causes, or treat both the symptoms and the root causes.

3. Pay attention to the sexual taste in the diet. The nature of food refers to four natures: cold, hot, warm and cool; The taste of food refers to five flavors: sour, bitter, sweet, spicy and salty. General cold food has the functions of clearing away heat, purging fire, detoxifying and diminishing inflammation, and is suitable for people suffering from febrile diseases in spring and summer. This kind of food includes cereals, mung beans, red beans, pears, bananas and persimmons. Warm food has the functions of warming the middle warmer, tonifying deficiency and dispelling cold, and is suitable for people with deficiency and cold in autumn and winter. This kind of food includes glutinous rice, meat, crucian carp, eel and so on. Different tastes of food also have different functions. The new energy San Xuan can moisten, dredge blood, run qi and blood, strengthen bones and muscles, and enhance body resistance. Commonly used foods are onion, ginger, garlic, pepper, pepper, radish and all kinds of wine. Gan can tonify and relieve pain. Commonly used foods are jujube, glutinous rice, animal liver, pear, coconut, tofu, honey and sugar. Acid has astringent effect, which is combined with sweet taste and can nourish yin and moisten dryness. Common food is vinegar. Bitter taste can drive away fire, dry dampness and strengthen yin, and cooperate with sweet taste to clear away heat and promote diuresis, eliminate dampness and detoxify, such as bitter gourd and tea; Salty food has the function of softening and resolving hard mass, such as seafood, pork loin and pigeon meat. And light food has the effect of moistening dryness and diuresis, such as coix seed, white lentils, wax gourd, lotus root, peanuts, eggs and so on.

4. Choose food flexibly according to time and place. The temperature in spring all the year round, the heat in summer, the coolness in autumn, the coldness in winter and the constant change of climate will have a certain impact on the physiological function of human body. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that diet can keep Yin, Yang, Qi and blood in the body in accordance with the changes of the four seasons, so as to achieve "keeping healthy qi in the interior, while evil is not dry". It is generally believed that the spring climate is warm, everything is full of vitality, and it is appropriate to eat light and cold wheat. You should eat more vegetable porridge, such as shepherd's purse porridge. In summer, the climate is hot, rainy and wet, edible and cool, so it is advisable to eat sweet and cool things, such as mung bean soup, lotus leaf porridge, mint soup, watermelon and wax gourd. In autumn, the climate turns cool and dry, so it is advisable to eat foods that can produce saliva, such as lotus root porridge. It's cold in winter, so the food should be warm. You can eat eight-treasure rice, instant-boiled mutton, longan and jujube porridge to warm up your body's essence. Different geographical environments also have a great influence on the food structure, and improper diet will also be unacceptable, so it should also be considered.