Health guide:
1. Reasonable diet and aftercare: human lipids include fat and lipids. Hyperlipidemia is closely related to diet. The accumulation of human fat and the source of some lipids mainly come from diet. Only a part of lipids are synthesized in the body, which is called endogenous lipids. Diet control is very important for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia. Diet advocates light and basic vegetarianism. However, it is not advisable to be a vegetarian for a long time, otherwise the diet composition will be imperfect, which will lead to an increase in endogenous cholesterol. Diets high in fat and cholesterol, such as animal brain marrow, egg yolk, chicken liver and butter, should be restricted. Fat intake is limited to 30 ~ 50 grams per day. Sugar foods should also be restricted, and sweets and snacks should not be eaten. Eat more vegetables and fruits. A low-salt diet should be adopted, and soybean oil, peanut oil, vegetable oil and sesame oil should be used as edible oils. Hunger is moderate, and the amount of food eaten per meal is less than half an hour before the next meal. Hunger therapy is not suitable. Excessive hunger will accelerate the decomposition of body fat and increase blood fatty acids.
2. Absolutely quit smoking and avoid alcohol: Nicotine in cigarettes can make peripheral blood vessels contract and myocardial stress increase, raise blood pressure and cause angina pectoris. Improper drinking will make the heart function decline, which is harmful to gastrointestinal tract, liver, nervous system and endocrine system. You should definitely give up smoking and avoid drinking.
3. Advocate moderate tea drinking: Catecholic acid contained in tea can enhance the flexibility, elasticity and permeability of blood vessels and prevent arteriosclerosis. Theophylline and caffeine in tea can invigorate the spirit, promote blood circulation, reduce fatigue and have diuretic effect. Moderate drinking tea can eliminate greasy diet and lose weight. But drinking too much strong tea will stimulate the heart and make the heart beat faster, which is harmful to the body.
4. Proper exercise to lose weight: Controlling obesity is one of the important measures to prevent hyperlipidemia. Besides diet control, we advocate insisting on physical exercise, such as jogging, Wuqinxi, Tai Ji Chuan, table tennis and disco dancing for the elderly. I usually take part in manual labor. We should control weight gain.
References:
How to treat hyperlipidemia with traditional Chinese medicine?
Hyperlipidemia is the name of modern medicine and an important factor of coronary heart disease. Traditional Chinese medicine has no name for this disease, and there is no similar record. However, from years of clinical practice, it is related to the dysfunction of qi and blood in zang-fu organs, the imbalance of yin and yang in human body and the generation of dampness, turbidity and blood stasis. According to clinical observation, the incidence of coronary heart disease caused by hyperlipidemia is increasing year by year, so the treatment of hyperlipidemia plays an important role in coronary heart disease. So, what are the prescriptions for treating hyperlipidemia in Chinese medicine?
(1) slimming tea: Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. 30g, hawthorn 15g, cassia seed 15g, winter melon peel 20g, oolong tea 3g. First, four kinds of medicines, how to use Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Stir-frying, removing residue, and brewing oolong tea with its soup, daily 1 dose. Continuous drinking for two months is a course of treatment, and generally taking 3 ~ 5 courses of treatment. This prescription has the functions of reducing blood fat, promoting blood circulation, lowering blood pressure and diuresis.
(2) cassia seed seaweed soup: 20g cassia seed and 30g kelp. Decoct with water to remove residues, and take kelp decoction 1 time every day, with January as a course of treatment, and generally take 1 ~ 3 courses of treatment. This prescription has the effect of lowering blood fat and blood pressure, and is suitable for patients with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease or obesity.
(3) Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Tablets: 5 tablets each time, 3 times a day for 2-4 months. The main mechanism of the drug's lipid-lowering effect is to nourish liver and kidney and regulate the balance of yin and yang in human body. Related experimental studies show that Polygonum multiflorum contains rhein, which can promote intestinal movement, prevent or reduce intestinal absorption of lipids, and thus reduce blood lipids.
How to prevent and treat hyperlipidemia?
Under modern medical conditions, hyperlipidemia can be prevented, and its countermeasures mainly include the following aspects:
1. reasonable diet: reasonable diet is the basis of treating hyperlipidemia. Any patient with hyperlipidemia should be treated with diet before taking the medicine, and only when the diet therapy is ineffective or the patient can't tolerate it (usually six months to one year) can medication be used, because diet therapy is the most physiologically effective measure. No matter what kind of lipid-lowering drugs, there are more or less side effects, even when taking drugs, you can't relax reasonable diet measures.
2. Appropriate physical exercise: Physical exercise can increase consumption, improve lipid metabolism and prevent the increase of body fat and blood lipid. Exercise can completely reduce the blood lipid content of hypertriglyceridemia patients to normal level. Moreover, exercise can also increase the content of anti-atherosclerotic lipoprotein-high density lipoprotein in human blood, improve heart function and increase collateral circulation of the heart, thus playing a good role in preventing and treating coronary heart disease. Patients with hyperlipidemia who are healthy and have no coronary heart disease should exercise regularly, such as long-distance running, cycling, swimming, playing ball games and climbing mountains. However, strenuous exercise is not suitable for those with coronary heart disease, severe hypertension and diabetes. Under the guidance of doctors, these patients should take appropriate exercises according to their condition, such as medical gymnastics, Tai Ji Chuan and Qigong.
3. Appropriate physical therapy: when the above methods are ineffective, other physical therapies should be supplemented, such as mineral spring bath and electromagnetic therapy in liver area. Liver electromagnetic therapy can regulate liver metabolic disorder, thus correcting hyperlipidemia.
4. Drug treatment: For intractable severe hyperlipidemia, appropriate drug treatment can be given. At present, there are no lipid-lowering drugs that meet the physiological requirements. Most lipid-lowering drugs only have short-term effects, and long-term use has obvious side effects. Therefore, drug therapy should be used as the last resort to treat lipid metabolism disorder in patients with high risk of coronary heart disease, and combined with non-drug therapy.
How to treat hyperlipidemia with reasonable diet?
The so-called reasonable diet includes two meanings: first, the dietary measures taken should not only achieve the purpose of lowering blood fat, but also make patients get enough nutrition supply to ensure their health. The one-sided vegetarian diet or "three noes" (no meat, no eggs and no fish) is absolutely unacceptable. Secondly, diet therapy should be different according to different types of hyperlipidemia, and it should also vary from person to person. We should not copy mechanically, let alone hearsay. Here is a brief introduction to the diet treatment of different types of hyperlipidemia:
(1) For patients with hypercholesterolemia and normal triglyceride content, the focus of diet therapy is to limit food cholesterol, and the total daily intake is less than 200mg. Patients should avoid or eat less foods with high cholesterol, such as brain, spinal cord, viscera, egg yolk (each egg yolk contains 250 ~ 300mg of cholesterol), shellfish (such as mussels and snails) and mollusks (such as squid, cuttlefish and fish eggs). On the other hand, patients should take in nutrients with low cholesterol, such as lean pork, beef, duck, chicken, fish and milk. The cholesterol content of these foods is not high, for example, each bottle of milk only contains 30mg, and other foods only contain about 100mg of cholesterol. Don't avoid eating too much. Secondly, it is necessary to limit animal fat and appropriately increase vegetable oil. The calculation shows that it is ideal for each patient to eat 500~750g vegetable oil (soybean oil, corn oil, vegetable oil, etc.) if animal oil is not used for cooking. ) every month. Although vegetable oil is good, it should not be eaten more, otherwise it will also bring bad effects. Third, eat more fruits and vegetables and increase fiber intake. Fourth, eat more cholesterol-lowering foods, such as soybeans and their products, onions, garlic, cauliflower (grass head), mushrooms, fungus and so on. Some of these foods also have anticoagulant effect, which is also good for preventing thrombosis and coronary heart disease.
(2) Hypertriglyceridemia For patients with only elevated blood triglyceride content and normal cholesterol content, the key points of diet treatment are different from the above. The key is to limit food intake and lose weight, so that the weight can reach and be maintained within the standard range. The standard weight can be calculated by the following formula:
Male: Height (cm)-105 (kg)
Female: Height (cm)-107.5 (kg)
The second is to limit sweets. These patients are particularly sensitive to sugar, and eating sugar will make their triglyceride content higher. Therefore, white sugar, brown sugar, fruit candy, honey and sugary foods and medicines should be eaten as little as possible or not. Third, prohibition of alcohol, alcohol can increase the triglyceride content of such patients. Fourth, protein, especially soybean protein, should be appropriately increased. Fifth, properly limit cholesterol, below 300mg per day, allowing patients to eat 3 eggs per week, and other foods containing cholesterol can also be eaten properly, as long as the total intake is not higher than the above limit. Sixth, properly limit fat, especially animal fat.
(3) The content of blood cholesterol and triglyceride in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia is increased, and the focus of diet therapy is to combine the above two types. That is, properly limit cholesterol and animal fat, control food intake to lose weight, avoid eating sweets, abstain from alcohol, appropriately increase vegetable oil, beans and their products, and eat more vegetables, fruits and some foods with lipid-lowering effect.
What harm does hyperlipidemia have to patients?
(1) glomerulosclerosis, etc. Hyperlipidemia can cause vascular endothelial cell injury and local shedding, which leads to the increase of vascular wall permeability. Plasma lipoprotein can enter and deposit in the intima of vascular wall, which in turn causes the clearance of macrophages and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and forms plaques, leading to arteriosclerosis, renal arteriosclerosis and lumen stenosis, which can lead to renal ischemia, atrophy and interstitial fiber proliferation. If the renal blood vessels are blocked, the corresponding areas will be infarcted, and the infarcted areas will form scars after being organized. This leads to glomerulosclerosis. Outside the kidney, it can accelerate the occurrence of coronary atherosclerosis, lead to coronary heart disease and increase the risk of myocardial infarction. Similarly, arteriosclerosis in other parts leads to corresponding diseases, such as cerebral arteriosclerosis and cerebral infarction.
(2) Glomerular injury: Hyperlipidemia can cause lipid deposition in glomerulus, and low density lipoprotein can activate circulating monocytes, leading to infiltration of mononuclear cells in glomerulus, thus causing or aggravating inflammatory reaction. At the same time, mesangial cells and endothelial cells of glomerulus can produce reactive oxygen molecules and promote lipid peroxidation. Oxidized low density lipoprotein (OX-LDL) has a strong cytotoxic effect, resulting in renal tissue damage. In addition, hyperlipidemia can also cause the increase of collagen, laminin and fibrin in glomerular mesangial matrix, which is directly related to glomerular sclerosis.