Tea planting: tea tree propagation, tea garden management;

1.

2. Fertilize the tea garden.

3. Tea tree pruning.

Tea tree propagation: Tea tree propagation can be divided into two ways: sexual propagation and asexual propagation. Sexual reproduction is sowing with tea seeds, also called seed reproduction.

Asexual propagation, also known as vegetative propagation, is to use the roots, stems and other vegetative organs of tea trees to form a new tea seedling under artificially created suitable conditions, such as cutting and layering.

There are two methods of sexual reproduction, nursery seedling and tea garden direct seeding.

Seedling raising in nursery is convenient for seedling management and cultivation of excellent seedlings. The direct seeding of tea garden is to directly sow the induced-spawning tea seeds in the newly-built tea garden by the method of drilling and hole sowing. The asexual propagation of tea generally adopts the method of cutting propagation, and the seedlings can keep the characteristics and characteristics of the mother tree, and the characteristics of the seedlings are relatively consistent, which is beneficial to the management of tea gardens and the expansion of the number of improved varieties.

Tea garden management: Tea garden management is an essential process in the process of tea growth, which is directly related to the yield and quality of tea.

Tea garden management includes: ploughing and hoeing, fertilization, tea tree pruning, etc.

1. Ploughing and hoeing in tea garden: Ploughing and hoeing in tea garden can eliminate weeds, improve soil structure, kill insects and sterilize.

The ploughing and hoeing in tea garden can be roughly divided into three seasons: spring, summer and autumn, and the linear ploughing depth in spring and summer is about 10cm. Deep ploughing in autumn, the depth is 20~30cm.

2. Fertilization in tea garden:

Fertilization in tea garden is an important part of tea garden management. Picking a large number of fresh leaves from tea trees many times a year consumes a lot of nutrients. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly supplement nutrients to tea trees, otherwise it will lead to the decline of tea trees and affect the yield and quality of tea.

The principle of fertilization in tea garden is:

Give priority to with organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer; Mainly ammonia fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; At the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, apply basic fertilizer (organic fertilizer) in combination with deep tillage, and topdressing (chemical fertilizer) in picking season.

3. Tea tree pruning:

Tea tree pruning is an important measure to cultivate high yield and high quality tea tree crown. Reasonable pruning can not only improve the yield and quality of tea, but also make the crown adapt to mechanized tea picking and improve labor productivity.

Pruning methods are:

Young tea tree pruning, shallow, deep, heavy, pruning.

Extension: Tea tree planting.

Tea planting period is from 1 1 to the end of March every year, and can be planted before and after the rainy season. The planting period in different tea areas is slightly different. For example, in the south, it should be 65438+1the end of October. Otherwise, after February, due to the strong sunshine and high temperature during the day, the seedlings are easy to die. In northern or alpine tea areas, the temperature is low, so planting can be postponed until the end of March to match the rainy season.

The planting density of tea trees is influenced by soil, topography, climate and varieties. At present, the multi-cluster close planting method adopted in China is large row spacing 1.5 m: small row spacing 33 cm, a total of three rows; The cluster spacing is 20 cm, and two or three plants are transplanted per plant, with about 20,000 plants per mu. Before planting tea seedlings, apply base fertilizer and plan the row spacing. It is best to choose after rain or when it is drizzling, foggy and humid, and try to avoid planting tea in the scorching sun.

Tea seedlings should be transplanted as close as possible, transplanted with soil and dug. After planting, in order to reduce the evaporation of water from leaves, horizontal pruning should be done about 20 cm from the ground, and straw or other hay should be covered on both sides of seedlings to prevent drought and protect seedlings.

It is worth mentioning that, as early as the 1960s, some scholars explored the northward movement of southern tea, but it did not exceed 38 degrees north latitude.

After repeated experiments by relevant technicians, a small amount of tea trees have been successfully planted in Taihang Mountain area of Hebei Province at 38.45 north latitude.

Taihang Mountain is a sub-suitable area for growing tea, but its climatic characteristics also have rare natural advantages in producing high-quality tea:

In the tea-producing season, the temperature is low, the light is weak, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the new shoots of tea trees grow slowly, the nutrients accumulate more, and the contents of amino acids and chlorophyll in fresh leaves are high, which determines that the tea quality in Taihang Mountain area is good and has the characteristics of southern alpine tea. The development of tea production in Hebei Province has unparalleled sales advantages and remarkable economic benefits in southern tea areas.

Therefore, developing tea economy in Taihang Mountain area can be an important way for local farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich, which can effectively adjust the rural industrial structure and increase farmers' income.

While tea production is upgraded, standardized, green and industrialized, it can effectively promote the sustainable development of regional ecotourism industry, tea culture industry, packaging and transportation and other related industries.