Common edible mushroom Lentinus edodes
Lentinus edodes, also known as flower mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, Lentinus edodes, Lentinus edodes and Lentinus edodes, is the fruiting body of Lentinus edodes of Pleurotus. Lentinus edodes is the second largest edible fungus in the world and one of the specialties of China. Shanzhen? Known as. This is a fungus that grows on wood. Delicious taste, rich fragrance and rich nutrition. Lentinus edodes is rich in vitamin B, iron, potassium and provitamin D (converted into vitamin D after sun exposure), which is sweet and flat. Indications: anorexia, qi deficiency and fatigue.
Lentinus edodes, known as the "king of delicacies", is a kind of nutritional health food with high protein and low fat. China medical experts in past dynasties have made famous comments on Lentinus edodes. With the in-depth study of modern medicine and nutrition, the medicinal value of Lentinus edodes has been continuously explored. The ergosterol content in Lentinus edodes is very high, which is very effective in preventing and treating rickets. Lentinan (? ~ 1, 3 glucan) can enhance cellular immunity, thus inhibiting the growth of cancer cells; Lentinus edodes contains more than 40 kinds of six enzymes, which can correct human enzyme deficiency; The fatty acids contained in the fat of shiitake mushrooms are beneficial to the human body to reduce blood fat.
wood ear
Auricularia auricula mainly grows in China and Japan. Most of China is auricularia auricula and auricularia auricula in Qinling Mountains. Among them, Sichuan Tongjiang Auricularia auricula is the best, which has been praised as a sacred object since ancient times. It was presented to the Forbidden City many times, and was personally inspected by Premier Wen Jiabao in 2005. There are two kinds of auricularia auricula: wild and cultivated. Solid seeds are spike-shaped, leaf-shaped or cup-shaped, thin and wavy, with a width of 3- 10 cm and a thickness of about 2 mm, and are fixed on the substrate with lateral short stalks or narrow attachments. Dark brown in color, soft and gelatinous in texture, thin and elastic, translucent when wet, and shrinking into brittle and hard keratin similar to leather when dry. It tastes delicious, but it can be vegetarian and nutritious.
Auricularia auricula is sweet, flat and has many medicinal effects. It can benefit qi, strengthen body, promote blood circulation, and prevent and treat iron deficiency anemia. It can nourish blood and nourish skin, make skin ruddy and shiny, dredge intestines and stomach, and also help patients with hypertension.
straw mushroom
Volvariella volvacea originated from Nanhua Temple in Shaoguan, Guangdong. It was artificially cultivated in China 300 years ago. It was introduced to all countries in the world by overseas Chinese in the 1930s. It is an important tropical and subtropical mushroom and the third largest cultivated edible mushroom in the world. Volvariella volvacea in China ranks first in the world, mainly distributed in South China. Volvariella volvacea is nutritious and delicious. Every100g of fresh mushrooms contains 207.7mg of vitamins, 2.6g of sugar, 2.68g of crude protein, 2.24g of fat and 0.9 1 g of ash. Volvariella volvacea protein contains 18 amino acids, of which 40.47-44.47% are essential amino acids. In addition, it also contains many mineral elements such as phosphorus, potassium and calcium.
Volvariella volvacea, named after its frequent growth in damp and rotten straw, is mainly produced in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi and Taiwan Province provinces. Fat, thick meat, short handle, smooth and delicious, so there is? Orchid mushroom? 、? Delicious mushrooms with feet? Known as.
Russula
Russula has a unique flavor and a refreshing fragrance. Its taste is fresh, sweet and delicious that no mushroom can match; It also contains a variety of essential amino acids and other ingredients. Can be used for treating tumors, especially lung tumors, soreness of waist and legs, numbness of hands and feet, muscle discomfort, limb twitching, nourishing blood and yin, cooling blood and detoxicating, anemia, edema, malnutrition, and excessive maternal bleeding. It also has the effects of enhancing immunity and resisting cancer. If eaten regularly, it can make people's skin moist, energetic and prolong life.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, before the Mid-Autumn Festival, the local government sent people to escort a group of red mushrooms to Kyoto to pay tribute and became famous in one fell swoop.
Pleurotus eryngii
Pleurotus eryngii, also known as Pleurotus eryngii, is a new rare edible mushroom variety developed and cultivated successfully in recent years. There are many Pleurotus eryngii products on the market, such as baishanzu mushroom side dishes? Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus eryngii extract, small package instant Pleurotus eryngii, small package individually packaged Pleurotus eryngii, etc.
Pleurotus eryngii is nutritious and contains protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals such as calcium, magnesium, copper and zinc. Can improve human immune function, and has anticancer, hypolipidemic, gastrointestinal moistening, and skin caring effects.
Hericium erinaceus
Hericium erinaceus, also known as Hericium erinaceus, is named after its shape. Mushrooms, Hericium erinaceus and Hericium erinaceus are traditional and precious dishes in China, with tender meat and delicious taste. It is one of the four famous dishes (Hericium erinaceus, bear's paw, bird's nest and shark's fin). what's up Hericium erinaceus, seafood shark's fin? Known as.
A fungus of odontaceae, with burrs on its surface, is about 1 ~ 3cm long. Its fruiting body is round and thick, white when fresh, light yellow to light brown after drying, narrow or slightly short peduncle at the base, and swollen at the upper part, with a diameter of 3.5 ~ 10cm. It looks like the head of a golden monkey from a distance, so it's called? Hericium erinaceus? Like a hedgehog again, so there is? Hedgehog fungus? Known as. Hericium erinaceus is a delicious dish. Its meat is tender, mellow and delicious. Vegetarian meat? Known as.
bolete
Boletus is the general name of boletus, Tricholoma matsutake and other fungi, and it is a wild edible fungus. Except for a few poisonous or bitter varieties, most of them are edible.
Boletus mainly includes white, yellow and black boletus. White boletus is delicious and nutritious. Auricularia auricula is a world-famous edible fungus, with large thallus, thick meat and thick stems, sweet and delicious taste and rich nutrition. People of all ethnic groups in Yunnan province like to collect fresh bacteria for cooking and eating. Western European countries also have the habit of eating boletus albus widely. Except fresh vegetables, most of them are sliced and dried and processed into various small packages for soup or soy sauce paste, and some of them are made into pickled products. Since 1973, Yunnan Province has exported white boletus to western Europe, which is extremely popular and in short supply.
An edible fungus in bamboo forests in southwest China.
Dictyophora dictyophora is a cryptophyte parasitic on the roots of dead bamboo. Dry white snake skin shaped like a net. It has a dark green hat, a snow-white cylindrical handle and a pink egg-shaped volvox. At the top of the stalk, there is a delicate white net skirt hanging from the cap, called? Snow skirt fairy? 、? The flower of food? 、? The flower of fungi? 、? The queen of bacteria? . Dictyophora indusiata is nutritious, fragrant and delicious. It has been listed as? Cao bazhen? One.
Dictyophora dictyophora is distributed in many countries in the world, such as Japan, India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, the Philippines, North Korea, the United States, Cuba, Brazil, Britain, France, the Soviet Union, Mexico, Australia and East Africa. China is also widely distributed. Dictyophora dictyophora has been reported in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Hebei, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Tibet, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan Province and other provinces, but the varieties of Dictyophora dictyophora are not exactly the same everywhere, among which the southwestern provinces are widely distributed and the quality of edible varieties is good.
Area of Edible Fungi Originated in Zhangjiakou (Zhangjiakou)
Tricholoma is a kind of wild Agaricus blazei growing on Mongolian grassland. It usually grows in places with sheep bones or sheep dung, and it tastes extremely delicious. Because the local products of Tricholoma mongolica have been exported to the mainland through Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, Zhangjiakou is the distribution center of Mongolian goods, so it is called? Tricholoma Because of its small output and large demand, it is still the most expensive mushroom in China market.
The main producing areas of Tricholoma are Wudong Banner, Xiwu Banner, Abaga Banner, Hulunbeier City, Tongliao and other grassland areas in Ximeng. This kind of mushroom is usually shipped to Zhangjiakou for processing and then sold to the mainland. Because Mongolian native products used to be exported to the mainland through Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, Zhangjiakou is the distribution center of Mongolian goods, so it is called? Tricholoma Because of its small output and large demand, it is still the most expensive mushroom in China market. 1958 When Guo Moruo visited Zhangjiakou, he wrote a poem praising Tricholoma. The name of Tricholoma is well known all over the world. I don't know why it's called. Tricholoma is native to Zhangjiakou and has many mushrooms on its mouth. ? The poet gave the origin of the name Tricholoma.
tricholoma matsutake
Tricholoma matsutake, the scientific name of Tricholoma matsutake, also known as Tricholoma matsutake, Fusobacterium and thiram, belongs to Basidiomycotina and Tricholoma. It is an ectomycorrhizal fungus of pine oak and other trees, and has a unique and rich fragrance. It is a rare and precious natural medicinal fungus in the world and a national second-class endangered species. Tricholoma matsutake is born in arid and nutrient-poor woodland, and is usually produced in autumn. Usually parasitic on the roots of Pinus densiflora, Pinus tabulaeformis, Hemlock and Hemlock. The main pilose antler producing areas in China are Shangri-La pilose antler producing areas, Chuxiong pilose antler producing areas and Yanbian pilose antler producing areas, among which the output of Shangri-La pilose antler producing areas accounts for 70% of the total national output and has been the champion of Tricholoma matsutake export for 30 consecutive years.
Tricholoma matsutake is a kind of pure natural rare edible fungus, which is known as? King of bacteria? . According to legend, the only multicellular microorganism that survived after the atomic bomb attack in Hiroshima in August 1945 was Tricholoma matsutake, which can't be cultivated artificially all over the world at present. It grows in alpine woodlands above 3500 meters above sea level in the cold temperate zone. It is recorded in the Song Dynasty's Materia Medica, which is urgent for classics, history and evidence. Studies have proved that Tricholoma matsutake is rich in protein, including 18 amino acids, 14 essential trace elements, 49 active nutrients, 5 unsaturated fatty acids, nucleic acid derivatives, polypeptides and other rare elements. In addition, it also contains three precious active substances, namely, double-stranded Tricholoma matsutake polysaccharide, Tricholoma matsutake polypeptide and the only anticancer substance in the world? Tricholomol is the most precious natural medicinal fungus in the world. 10 Collect edible Tricholoma matsutake from early August to mid-June in autumn. It has a special aroma, tastes like abalone, and is extremely smooth and refreshing.
Tricholoma matsutake is considered in Japan? God bacteria? . Japanese people are used to eating matsutake in autumn. Can you believe it? Fill shapes with shapes? Eating it has the functions of strengthening essence, tonifying kidney, strengthening brain, improving intelligence and resisting cancer.
agaric
Morchella is also called mutton tripe, mutton mushroom and mutton tripe mushroom. Used for food stagnation, abdominal distension, phlegm stagnation, asthma and cough. Morchella, also known as mutton tripe, sheep mushroom and Phyllostachys pubescens, is a precious edible fungus and medicinal fungus. Morchella was found in 18 18. Its structure is similar to that of Tricholoma, and the upper part is folded into a net, which looks like a honeycomb and a sheep's belly, hence the name. Morchella production is extremely high within two to three years after the mountain fire, so North American pickers will collect Morchella according to the mountain fire. But when the fire is controlled, its growth will decrease year by year in the same area.
Morchella consists of a pregnant head and a sterile stalk. There is a seed layer with reticular ribs on the surface of the cap body, and the edge is connected with the stem. The handle is cylindrical, hollow, smooth or grooved. Morchella is the most famous delicious edible fungus in Ascomycetes. Its cap contains seven essential amino acids, namely isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and valine, which are sweet and cool in nature, non-toxic, beneficial to the stomach, resolving phlegm and regulating qi.
Agrocybe aegerita
Agrocybe aegerita was originally a wild mushroom growing in tea buds in the mountainous and dense forest area of Guangchang, Jiangxi Province. It is a pure natural, pollution-free, high-protein, low-fat, low-sugar, health-care edible fungus. The optimized Agrocybe aegerita has crisp cover, pure flavor and excellent taste. It can be cooked into various delicious dishes, and its nutritional value exceeds that of other edible fungi such as mushrooms, belonging to high-grade edible fungi.
Agrocybe aegerita is mainly distributed in the north temperate zone, and it is also distributed in the subtropical zone, but it is rare in the tropical zone. Extremely cold and hot weather conditions are not suitable for development. Agrocybe aegerita can be cultivated according to the general method of wood rot fungi.
The efficacy of edible fungi is 1, which can enhance physical fitness.
Edible fungi can enhance physical fitness, enhance body resistance and eliminate pathogenic factors, so they have direct or indirect effects on many diseases. Combined with various drugs, it can accelerate the recovery of various diseases, reduce the side effects of drugs and reduce the dosage of antibiotics and other drugs. This effect of edible fungi on the body is called strengthening the body resistance and consolidating the foundation in traditional Chinese medicine.
2. Chronic diseases
Chronic disease is a progressive disease with mild symptoms. Chronic diseases are caused by the degeneration of some tissues and organs or virus infection. Chronic diseases will reduce people's ability to work and lose interest in life. Conventional drugs have very limited therapeutic effect on chronic diseases, and only play the role of inhibiting symptoms, and most diseases themselves are eliminated by their own rehabilitation ability after the symptoms disappear.
3. The mechanism of edible fungi in treating chronic diseases.
Edible fungi have a very good effect in treating chronic diseases. The root of all diseases is cytopathy. The polysaccharide components of edible fungi can repair cell damage, improve the sensitivity of cell receptors, restore endocrine function, improve blood microcirculation and improve the self-healing ability of the body.
Triterpenoids contained in edible fungi have the functions of sedation, spasmolysis, lowering blood viscosity and improving liver function. Nucleoside and Ganoderma alkaloids can enhance the physiological function of tissues. The organic application of various components of edible fungi can play a comprehensive role in conditioning and promoting the body's own recovery.
Polysaccharides and other components contained in edible fungi are biological reaction restorers, which are health care products for strengthening the body resistance and consolidating the foundation. Among all kinds of edible fungi, Ganoderma lucidum plays the most significant and comprehensive role.
The treatment of chronic diseases by edible fungi is based on eliminating the mechanism of disease formation, that is, treating diseases first and then treating them, so the effect of eliminating symptoms is slow. This is very different from western medicine in treating diseases. Western medicine mostly treats diseases first, so it takes effect quickly. Edible fungi have a long course of treatment, but the effect is stable, without side effects on human body, and it is also good for overall health, so you can take it with confidence.
The human body is composed of cells, which are composed of cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. The root of diseases is the pathological changes of cells. Cell mutation, human immunity decline, people are prone to illness, over time, people will suffer from chronic diseases or incurable diseases.
In addition to genetic and other congenital factors, cell diseases are also caused by the decline of cell's own disease resistance, such as insufficient cell membrane defense ability, which leads to the decline of cell immunity; The immune and defense functions of cell membrane are obviously related to the polysaccharides that make up the cell membrane. Fungal polysaccharide of edible fungi can keep the polysaccharide of cell membrane intact or be repaired, which is equivalent to wearing a golden helmet or adding a protective layer to cells, effectively protecting the whole cell body such as cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, thus ensuring the vitality and normal physiological function of cells, promoting the normal physiological function of human tissues, organs and systems, and realizing human health.
Edible fungi are good for children's health. Edible fungi are also rich in vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B 1, vitamin B2, vitamin B2, iron, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus and other mineral elements. These substances are very important for children's growth and development, and also have special effects on maintaining children's development and preventing diseases.
For example, vitamin A can protect eyesight; Vitamin D is a necessary substance to promote calcium to form bones, which can prevent rickets. Vitamin C can prevent children from getting scurvy, and the content of vitamin C in Volvariella volvacea per100g is as high as 2 10mg.
It is reported that. An educational beverage made of Flammulina velutipes as the main raw material has the effect of improving children's IQ, because the double-stranded DNA and B vitamins in edible fungi can enhance children's nervous system function and improve their memory. Because edible fungi are rich in iron, phosphorus and B vitamins, it is very beneficial for children to eat edible fungi often for their intellectual development.
After screening, the iron content of Auricularia auricula is as high as 184.6mg/ 100g, which is particularly effective for the adjuvant treatment and prevention of common iron deficiency anemia in children. The rich minerals contained in edible fungi can also neutralize the acidity of meat food, improve the pH of blood and make people energetic.
Interferon inducer in edible fungi is a low molecular weight glycoprotein, which can be embedded in virus particles such as hepatitis, herpes zoster and influenza to inhibit its proliferation. Adenine has anti-cold and anti-tuberculosis effects.
In addition, more than 30 kinds of enzymes contained in edible fungi have special appetizing fragrance and can participate in carbohydrate metabolism, which is helpful to improve children's appetite and keep a good figure.