Sun Simiao, the king of medicine, has a famous saying: "The Taoist way to preserve one's health is always to work hard, but I am too tired and too strong to hear. And the running water does not rot, and the family is not embarrassed, so it is also moving. "
"Working Less" —— The Secret of Health and Longevity
Most of the birthday girls in ancient and modern China and abroad are practitioners who are diligent in "small labor". Some people have investigated some longevity people in Xinjiang and found that 73% of longevity people are farmers who have been engaged in agricultural labor for a long time. There are 10 centenarians in Aksu, 8 of whom are manual workers. Almost all people over 90 years old in Bama, Guangxi are manual workers.
Among the deputies to the National People's Congress, there was once a farmer's birthday girl, Aunt Ran, who was still hale and hearty in her later years and could eat and sleep. /kloc-at the age of 0/04, she not only went to the fields to participate in labor, but also raised three big fat pigs. When she 105 attended the National People's Congress, people asked her what was the secret of a long and healthy life. She replied humorously: "the secret is to work every day, and the tonic is sunshine and wind and rain." Do not believe, you try. "
She didn't take medicine all her life and finally died at the age of 109. A survey of some elderly people over 100 years old in Japan also found that half of them are 75 years old, and one third are 80-84 years old. Almost all the birthday girls among mental workers love labor or sports. There are countless examples of this.
Su Dongpo, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, vividly expounded the theory that princes and nobles were sickly and peasants and civilians were hardworking and strong. He said:
"Kings and nobles in this way with their own bodies, not zai? And its peaceful residence often suffers from many diseases. As for the farmer king, he works hard all the year round, but never complains about his illness. Why?
The changes of husband's wind, frost, rain, dew, cold and summer heat are also the causes of this disease. Farmer king, working in midsummer, exposed in poor winter, attacked in bones and muscles, soaked in skin, weathered by frost and dew, and not poisonous in cold and heat.
Today's princes and nobles are all under one family. When they go out, they will take advantage of the weather, the wind will attack their fur and the rain will cover their fur. Everything they are worried about is prepared. Too much fear, but too much practice, a little disappointment, will be cold and summer. Is a person who is good at fitness, so that he can relax his work step by step and let his limbs linger in the cold and heat, and then he can be strong and take risks without getting hurt. "
The average life expectancy of more than 300 emperors in ancient China was less than 40 years. Although there are many reasons for their death, being pampered all the year round is undoubtedly one of the important reasons.
With the development of society, the physical labor of modern people is decreasing day by day, and the labor intensity is also greatly reduced. They are too comfortable and less active, which leads to the decline of the functions of various systems and organs of the body, the decline of immunity and various diseases.
People call some people who are obese, weak in limbs, prone to diabetes, coronary heart disease and other diseases "modern leisure diseases". Many experts believe that the way to eliminate "modern leisure diseases" is "diligence", and the fitness function of labor can not be ignored. We should take part in all kinds of productive labor or physical exercise diligently in order to achieve the purpose of keeping fit.
Why does labor contribute to health and longevity?
First of all, labor can exercise the body, unblock qi and blood, exercise bones and muscles, and play a role in regulating the spirit. Regular work can promote the digestion of diet, increase the blood flow of coronary artery, improve the nutrition and metabolism of myocardium, and enhance the elasticity and tension of nerves and muscles.
Secondly, manual labor is one of the important means to prevent premature aging. After entering middle age, with the growth of age, tissues and organs will also age. People who work regularly can increase muscle metabolism and slow down physiological atrophy, thus effectively preventing or delaying the occurrence of aging phenomena such as joint stiffness and osteoporosis, and laying a good foundation for health and longevity.
Of course, labor can also increase knowledge, accumulate experience and develop wisdom. When hard work and sweat turn into countless fruits, it can make people feel comfortable and increase the interest of life. Labor can also be used as a kind of enjoyment. Tao Yuanming's poem "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge, leisurely seeing Nanshan" describes this state of mind.
Labor is good for health and longevity, but we should pay attention to what we can do and combine work with rest. For example, when external conditions are not good, we should temporarily avoid them; Take a proper rest after working for a long time.
For the middle-aged and elderly people, due to the growth of age, their physical strength gradually declines, so it is appropriate to appropriately reduce the labor intensity, and it is appropriate to "always want to work hard". In other words, the labor movement must master the scale, not the longer the time, the better, and the greater the intensity. So how to grasp this scale?
Sun Simiao, the king of medicine, has a famous saying: "The Taoist way to preserve one's health is always to work hard, but I am too tired and too strong to hear. And the running water does not rot, and the family is not embarrassed, so it is also moving. "
The principle of "small labor" is like "running water does not rot"
"Less labor" refers to less strenuous exercise, and "often want less labor" refers to regular exercise, love sports and form the habit of loving sports. But remember, no matter what exercise you do, "exhausted" and "incomparable" are not desirable. It is already a "big job" to exercise until you are sweating and exhausted. Biting your teeth and challenging the limits of your body's endurance will only hurt your body.
Sun Simiao did not express the principle of keeping in good health, but used a metaphor. It is said that its principle is the same as "running water does not rot, relatives do not bite", all because of exercise. In fact, this method of keeping in good health stems from the ancient people's scientific understanding of human physiology and pathology.
"Lu's Spring and Autumn Dayu" said: "Ordinary people have 360 knots, nine orifices, five zang (dirty) and six fu organs (blessed). Compared with the desire of skin, the desire of blood is consistent, the desire of bones and muscles is solid, the desire of heart is harmonious, and the desire of essence is fine. If so, there will be no place for disease and no reason for evil. "
This passage shows that a healthy human body has delicate skin, strong bones and muscles, a peaceful mind, and blood and essence run through the whole body and run continuously. Once qi and blood are not smooth, it will lead to various diseases, so keeping qi and blood smooth is the main goal of health preservation and disease prevention.
So, how can we keep the blood smooth? Only "shape movement" can make qi and blood smooth. But "putting on airs" is not an unrestrained exercise, because excessive exercise will make people consume too much blood and produce the so-called "five pains and six poles". Therefore, Huangdi Neijing put forward the movement scale of "tireless".
Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in the Three Kingdoms period, further refined this scale. He stressed that he should not exercise too much. He said to his disciple Upp, "I have one skill, Wuqinxi ... I am not happy." I started playing the game of birds and broke out in a sweat. Because I was powdered, my body was light and I wanted to eat. " Hua Tuo believes that when you exercise to "sweat (clothes are slightly wet)", you should stop and apply talcum powder, so that your body will feel relaxed and convenient, and your stomach will want to eat.
Sun Simiao's "pleasure in suffering" is based on the knowledge and experience of predecessors. In addition, he also made it clear that exercise should be based on "sweating".
Sun Simiao said in "A Thousand Daughters Should Be Prescribed": "The way to cultivate one's morality and cultivate one's nature is to persist in walking, standing, sitting, lying, seeing and listening for a long time. Covering blood hurts for a long time, gas hurts for a long time, bone hurts for a long time, meat hurts for a long time, and muscle hurts for a long time. " It is pointed out here that walking should also be moderate to avoid "long injuries".
Sun Simiao also recorded many "small labor regimen" in detail in his book. Such as rubbing face, abdomen, ears, teeth, drums and waist. Laozi's Daofa, hua tuo wuqinxi, etc. Regulating qi, fetal interest, etc. Formed a relatively complete "small labor health care" system, which had a far-reaching impact on future generations' sports health care.
Xiao Lao makes Sun Simiao full of energy. According to records in the Tang Dynasty, when Sun Simiao was nearly a hundred years old, he was still "alert and clear-sighted" and benefited from "taking pains to recuperate his body". Sun Simiao became one of the oldest famous doctors in ancient times.
Lu You, a health care practitioner in Xiao Lao: So, will Xiao Laojun?
Lu You, a long-lived poet, is a practitioner of Sun Simiao's regimen. He wrote in the poem Yi Shu:
The whole book is idle, and the great-grandson bamboo horse takes the ride.
So, will the little old gentleman? My teacher is the center and living water of the family.
In his spare time, Lu tidied up books, packed up several cases, and sometimes rode his great-grandson's bamboo horse, which made him childlike. Don't think that he has nothing to do, in fact, he is exercising.
Sun Simiao's manual labor regimen has the advantages of flexible exercise mode, low physical consumption, low technical requirements and low economic burden. You can get a certain fitness effect by doing it casually. As long as you persevere, it will be of great benefit to your health. Moreover, this method is similar to the popular "light exercise and happy exercise" in recent years.
Nowadays, many people like walking for exercise. Walking should also follow the principle of "small labor", and they should "do what they can" and sweat a little, not "big labor".