Huashan North Peak.
The mountains are colorful and natural, and Yue Tibetan poems treat others. The first mountain in the world, Yuehua Mountain in Shanxi, is famous at home and abroad for its precipitous beauty. It stands beside the Yellow River, the mother river of the Chinese nation, silently guarding thousands of creatures in the mind, nurturing and shaping the profound and tenacious national temperament of Shaanxi and even China.
Huashan Mountain, a huge mountain peak composed of huge granite, has interpreted unparalleled natural scenery, become a symbol of the Chinese nation's willpower, and become a spiritual symbol and national totem recognized by Chinese children. Huashan is a mountain of culture, which contains inexhaustible cultural treasures, the deepest cultural genes of the Chinese nation and the root of Chinese civilization.
Huashan Mountain was called "Xiyue" in ancient times and "Taihua Mountain" in elegance, which is the crown of the five mountains. China and Huaxia originated from Huashan Mountain. Huashan is adjacent to Qinling Mountain in the south and Huang Wei in the north. Taoist culture, sacrificial culture, martial arts culture and countless myths and legends have put a mysterious veil on Huashan Mountain. Throughout the ages, the majestic posture and aura of Huashan Mountain have inspired the literary thoughts of countless literati, and the poems and songs on Huashan Mountain have become a bright pearl in the treasure house of Qinling culture.
Culture Huashan Huaxia style
Huashan Mountain, also known as "Xiyue" and "Dongyue" Taishan Mountain, was first seen in Erya Stone Mountain. "Shui Jing Zhu Wei Shui" says: "It is 5 thousand meters high, cut into four squares, and looks like a flower from a distance." In ancient times, "Hua" and "Hua" were universal, so "Huashan" was "Huashan". "White Tiger Yi Tong" contains: "The west is Huashan, and there is less yin to use things. Everything gives birth to China, so it is called Huashan. " Huashan is listed as "the place where the Yellow Emperor meets immortals in Xuanyuan" in the Book of Songs Gong Yu, and it is speculated by later generations that the Yellow Emperor formed an alliance with tribal chiefs here. Since then, Huashan has become more and more famous.
Huashan Mountain, as one of the earliest sacred mountains, can be traced back to the Yao and Shun period. In ancient times, people called Huashan a "house with many immortals" and regarded Huashan as the god in charge of the west and autumn. There are records of "Tang Yao's four trips to Xiyue" and "Shun's three trips to Xiyue" in the history books. As a system, the sacrifice of Huashan Mountain in Xiyue started from Qin Shihuang and was scheduled for Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, and then descended. As a part of Huashan culture, Huashan sacrificial culture has a long history, profound connotation and various forms.
Modern scholars believe that "Huaxia" and "China" are named after Huashan Mountain. Zhang Taiyan, a famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty, said: "Huayin in the southeast and Huayang in the northeast, the former residence of our nation, is limited to Huashan, and the Chinese name of the country comes from Huashan. Later, people traveled all over Kyushu and the name of China began to spread. " This fully shows the prominent position of Huashan in the development of the Chinese nation. China's "Hua" originated from Huashan Mountain, so Huashan Mountain is called "the root of China". Huashan culture, as the mainstream spirit of Chinese national culture, shows positive and indomitable spiritual integrity and becomes a symbol of national spirit.
Taoist culture has a long history.
Huashan Mountain is a famous Taoist shrine and one of the birthplaces of Taoism in China.
Huashan Mountain is the holy land of the mainstream Quanzhen Taoism, with the "Tai Chi Total Fairy Cave", which ranks among the top ten caves in Taoism and is called the "fourth cave". There are 72 semi-suspended caves and more than 20 Taoist temples on the mountain, which is a great spectacle of Huashan Mountain. Yuquanyuan, Presiding College and Yue Zhen Palace are listed as national key Taoist temples. Historically, Hao Datong, He Yuanxi, Wang Zhongyang and other famous Taoist masters practiced here. Chen Tuan's ancestors lived in Huashan for many years and created their own ideological system in Huashan practice. Therefore, Huashan Mountain has a position of cultural coordinates in the history of Taoism in China.
When people come to Huashan, they often go to Yuquan source at the foot of Huashan. Yuquan Garden is quaint and quiet, shaded by green trees and winding cloisters. Yuquan hospital was built in Song Renzong. After several times of destruction and restoration, it is a famous Taoist concept of Quanzhen Taoism. "Yuquan Daoyuan is water-soluble, and the stone pavilion is opposite Bifeng. The secluded path falls in spring and goes early, and the curtain is inclined. " In the Ming Dynasty, Yang Shen painted a quiet scene of flying swallows in a small pavilion in Yuquan Garden. Mi Fei, a calligrapher in the Song Dynasty, wrote the Monument to the Full Map of Huashan and the Monument to the First Mountain.
Poetry and painting Huashan are wonderful.
"Xiyue eventful He Zhuang zai, the Yellow River as blue as silk. The Wan Li of the Yellow River touches the mountain, and the vortex hub turns to Qin Mine ... These three peaks may be destroyed at any time, and the Cuiyadan Valley has been opened. The gold in Bai Di is full of vitality and the stone is a lotus cloud. " Li Bai described the magnificence of Huashan Mountain by imaginative means in the poem "Song of Yuntai in Xiyue".
Huashan Mountain, as the first mountain in the world, has attracted many scholars and scholars to pay their respects and climb to the top of Huashan Mountain since ancient times. Literati are often full of lofty sentiments, full of literary thoughts, and splash ink on poems. Celebrities such as Li Daoyuan, Su Yang, Yang Jiong, Zhang Jiuling, Li Bai, Han Yu, Bai Juyi, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Lu You, Zhu Yuanzhang, Xu Xiake, Feng Menglong and Yuan Mei have all visited Huashan Mountain. They either lamented the preciseness and mystery of Huashan Mountain, or admired the magnificence and magic of Huashan Mountain, leaving one masterpiece after another.
The "danger" of Huashan ranks first among the five mountains. In the Ming Dynasty, Xu Xiake described the danger of Huashan Mountain as "the peaks hanging at different levels". Kou Zhun, a famous figure in the Song Dynasty, wrote: "Only the sky is above, and there is no mountain and peace. Look up at the red sun and look back at the low white clouds. Du Fu wrote in "Looking at Yue": "Xiyue is respected in its position, and the peaks stand like children and grandchildren. Immortal staff, how can you climb Huashan to the Jade Buddha Temple with it? You can enter the trunk valley and it is difficult to return, but the peak is like the tail of an arrow, which is difficult to climb. After the autumn wind was cool and cold, Gao Xun Bai Di asked the real source. "Yuan Mei, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, wrote in" Climbing Mount Hua ":"Too much China dominates the west, and leaning on heaven is like inserting a knife. The flashing iron flower is cold and desolate. This painting depicts the precipitousness of Huashan Mountain.
Xifeng is 2082.6 meters above sea level and is one of the main peaks of Huashan Mountain. Because there are huge stone lotus petals on the peak, the ancients often called it Lotus Peak. Yuan Hongdao wrote in his "Huashan Ji": "The stone leaf cover is cracked horizontally." According to Xu Xiake's "Diary of Huashan Mountain in Taiwan", "The stone rises on the peak and is covered by a stone, like a lotus." Chen Tuan has a famous sentence in the poem "Xifeng", "Send a message to avoid guests, this is a fairy town".
Huashan's dangerous peaks, strange rocks, streams, pine trees, spiritual springs and exotic flowers and grasses complement each other and are beautiful, making it the best object for painters of all ages to describe. At present, the earliest known painting about Huashan Mountain is The Statue of Wuyue Palace by He Changshou, a painter in the late Sui and early Tang Dynasties, which was not documented before Sui and Tang Dynasties. Famous artists such as Zhang, Fan Kuan, Qi Baishi, Zhang Daqian, Fu Baoshi, Shi Lu, He, etc. all painted Huashan Mountain. There are many painters who paint Huashan Mountain. Different ages and life experiences make people look at Huashan from different angles, and also shape different faces of Huashan in their works.
Climbing up Huashan Mountain, cliff stone carvings with rich content, different styles and precious artistic value left by scholars of past dynasties can be seen everywhere on the rock wall along the way, forming a spectacular stone carving art landscape, so Huashan Mountain is also called "the air calligraphy art corridor".
With the passage of time and the erosion of wind and rain, some stone carvings have been weathered and peeled off, most of which are cliff stone carvings after the Song Dynasty, and there are still hundreds of them. These cliff carvings either pour out patriotic feelings, praise great rivers and mountains, cherish the feelings of traveling, mark the landscape of place names, or reflect Taoist thoughts. In the art of calligraphy, the styles of lines, letters, grass, official script and seal script are diverse, which bring unforgettable aesthetic feeling and artistic influence to tourists and become a major cultural landscape of Huashan.
The stone carvings on Huashan Mountain are like frozen historical scrolls, witnessing the wind and frost of history and bearing the light and shadow of the years. Huashan stone carving is a treasure house of Chinese calligraphy art, with a long history, huge volume and high artistic value.
Myths and legends are strange and magnificent.
There are countless myths and legends about Huashan Mountain, from the broken mountain in Genie to the rescue of mother with aloes, from playing chess in Chen Tuan to attracting phoenix in the flute, which aroused people's infinite reverie about this strange peak.
The myths and legends of Huashan Mountain are scattered in ancient tales, miscellaneous notes and legends, such as Searching for Ji Shen, Biography of Immortals, Tales of Miracles, etc. Most of them are related to the formation of Huashan, Taoist culture, the love between man and god, and the cultivation of immortals. These myths and legends reflect traditional concepts such as morality, honesty, filial piety, righteousness, loyalty and truth-seeking, and are also full of strange and magnificent cultural colors, which have put a mysterious veil on Huashan culture.
Up to now, there are many scenic spots or relics related to these myths and legends on Huashan Mountain. According to legend, as early as when Qin became king, the king of Qin asked craftsmen to "hook the ladder" to visit Huashan and Xianshe. The story that Song Taizu, Zhao Kuangyin and Chen Tuan lost to Huashan in chess is even more popular. Up to now, there is still the remains of Taibo Chess House on the east side of Huashan Mountain.
At Beifeng, there are many landscapes on the top of the mountain, such as Zhenwutang, Jiaogong Stone Chamber, Changchun Stone Chamber, Jade Girl Window, Yiyun Pavilion, Laojun Plow Hanging Place, Tieniu Terrace, Baiyun Wonderland Stone Archway, etc. All the scenic spots are accompanied by beautiful myths and legends.
Legends such as Cui Yun Palace, Lotus Cave, Genius Foot, Axe Stone and Snake Cliff. It is full of fun for Xifeng, adding to her magic and beauty.
Climb to the peak, where the trees are lush and the environment is quiet, and many exotic flowers and plants are unknown. There is a Jade Girl Temple on the top of the mountain, which is said to be the place where Nong Yu, a woman from Qin Mugong, cultivated herself in the Spring and Autumn Period, so this mountain peak is also called Jade Girl Mountain. Most of the scenery in Zhongfeng is related to the story of Shaw History Nong Yu. According to legend, Nong Yu, the daughter of Qin Mugong in the Spring and Autumn Period, loved music, especially playing the flute. One night, she dreamed of a handsome young man who was good at oral sex and wanted to marry her. According to what his daughter saw in her dream, Mu Gong sent someone to Huashan Xingya to look for him. He met a man with a crowned crane, a jade face and red lips, playing the flute. This man's name is Shaw History. The messenger took him to the palace and became related to Nong Yu. One night, they played the flute under the moon, which attracted Zifeng and Chilong. Shaw History told Nong Yu that he was a fairy and had a special relationship with Nong Yu. Longfeng came to pick us up today, so we can go. So Shaw History, Lapras and Nong Yu crossed the Phoenix and flew away together. Qin Mugong sent people to the peak of Huashan Mountain, and there was no figure, so he built a shrine under the cliff of the stars to commemorate him. In Du Fu's poem "Looking at Yue", there is a sentence "Nine immortals, leaning on the jade girl to wash their hair basin".
Huashan's Legend of Sword Red
When Huashan is mentioned, many people will think of Huashan's sword theory. In fact, Huashan's sword theory was born from Mr. Jin Yong's wonderful fiction, which was passed down from mouth to mouth and became an idiom-like existence. Since then, Huashan has been endowed with the soul of martial arts.
Huashan on Sword is a virtual martial arts story written by martial arts novelist Jin Yong. In his martial arts novels The Legend of the Condor Heroes and The Condor Heroes, Jin Yong described the story of Huashan's discussion on swords, which made the heroes in the rivers and lakes stay on the dangerous Huashan and compete with each other to talk about martial arts, creating a strange and dangerous swordsmen's world. Since then, Huashan is full of immortal spirit, firm but gentle spirit, heroic spirit, heroism and loyalty; Since then, Huashan has a unique name-"Huashan on the sword", which has spread all over the country.
On June 8, 2003, 10, the reporter had the honor to participate in the first "Huashan on Sword" activity. On the same day, Mr. Jin Yong boarded Huashan and participated in the "Huashan on Sword" activity. Although Jin Yong has described Huashan many times, Huashan has become an important symbol and background in his martial arts novels, but interestingly, this is his first time to Huashan. Jin Yong went through Beauty Pass, Wine Pass and Nie Weiping Endgame Pass, and came to Huashan North Peak to talk with Zhang Jizhong, Yang and Kong. At that time, the media rushed to report this activity and became a phenomenal topic.
Nowadays, Huashan Lun Jian has become a part of Huashan culture and is deeply rooted in people's hearts. Martial arts heroes are full of heroism because of Huashan Mountain, and Huashan Mountain is also full of chivalry because of the hero's sword. The two complement each other.
The danger of Huashan Mountain is said to be "Huashan Mountain since ancient times". During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, there was no road to the peak of Huashan Mountain. Until the Tang Dynasty, with the prosperity of Taoism, Taoist believers began to live in the mountains and build temples, and gradually dug a dangerous road along the valley on the northern slope, forming the "road of ancient Huashan". The story of outsmarting Huashan Mountain happened here.
1949, under the powerful offensive of the People's Liberation Army to liberate the northwest, Hu Zongnan led his troops to flee to the south, and Han Zipei, the commander of the Kuomintang army, led the remnants to flee to Huashan, and set up heavy troops on the main road of the mountain pass in an attempt to fight the natural barrier to the death. Liu, a reconnaissance staff officer of a certain regiment of the People's Liberation Army, led a team to sneak into the mountainous area, and climbed the cliff from the back up. He took advantage of the night to touch the North Peak, raided the enemy on the defensive, and finally succeeded in adowa on the defensive.
"Magic soldiers fly over the natural moat, and heroes outsmart Huashan Mountain" and "outsmart Huashan Mountain" reflect the heroic spirit of the People's Liberation Army, which is tenacious, brave, resourceful and decisive, and fearless. Nowadays, the legend of outwitting Huashan Mountain has become a red tourism cultural resource of Huashan Mountain, and Huashan Mountain has also become a vivid classroom for young people's patriotism and revolutionary tradition education.
Wei Huashan, Damei is speechless. It is a miracle of nature and an insurmountable peak in history and culture, and its endless cultural treasure needs to be explored and studied.
Integration of culture and tourism, strengthening Huashan brand
Wei Li
In autumn, rich, vivid and gorgeous colors flow from top to bottom in Huashan. Stopping on the hiking trail, colorful wildflowers, tall and straight pines and cypresses, romantic red leaves can be seen everywhere, and Huashan in the fog is like a fairyland.
Huashan Mountain has a unique natural landscape, a long cultural heritage and profound connotation. It is the development direction of Huashan cultural tourism in the new period to inherit Huashan culture, tap its value in the times and tell the story of Huashan well through the integration of literature and tourism. In recent years, Huashan Scenic Area has vigorously promoted the integration of cultural tourism, strengthened Huashan cultural brand, and successfully explored the transformation and upgrading of tourism industry and the transformation of scenic tourism to global tourism.
Huashan Scenic Area deeply excavates resources such as Taoism, martial arts legends, folk stories and traditional folk arts, and builds brands such as Taoist culture, martial arts culture, hero culture and filial piety culture. Increase the research and development of a series of cultural and creative products such as "Huashan Story" and "Huashan Five Peaks", and plant new support for the transformation of Huashan tourism. The focus of scenic spot project construction has changed from "expanding on the mountain" to "staying at the foot of the mountain", and the strategic goal of establishing the largest leisure and health cultural resort in the west is put forward. The conceptual planning of tourism culture industry in Huashan Scenic Area was compiled, and 27 projects including Huashan Medical Center, Huashan Culture and Art Center and Gubaixing Cultural Corridor Scenic Area were planned with high starting point, high standard and high quality, with a total investment of about 65,438+. Among them, three key projects such as Huashan Medical Center, Huashan Culture and Art Center and Ancient People's Landscape Restoration (South Section) are progressing smoothly, and the multi-functional layout of Huashan Scenic Area with tourism culture as the main line and leisure and health as the support has been gradually established; The steady progress of Shaanxi Taoist College, Sheraton Resort Hotel, pucheng county Huaiyuan Historical and Cultural Block Project, Xianyu Outdoor Sports Base, Huashan Qingxin Hot Spring Hotel and other projects has made the service functions of Huashan Scenic Area more diversified; The completion of Huashan self-driving campsite, Huashan International Hotel, tourist center shopping mall, scenic spot WiFi coverage, scenic spot lighting project, Xiyue Flower Sea and other functional projects further enriched the tourism connotation of Huashan, built a perfect tourism cultural industry ecosystem, and effectively extended the tourism cultural industry chain while fully excavating the tourism cultural connotation of Huashan scenic spot.
At present, Huashan Scenic Area is innovating its development mode, speeding up the deep integration of culture and tourism, accelerating the cultivation of a number of comprehensive tourism products with distinctive characteristics, such as eco-tourism, leisure tourism, sightseeing tourism, leisure tourism and research tourism, and gradually realizing the strategic goal of "living at the foot of the mountain" by improving the functional format of the scenic area, and transforming from "scenic tourism" to global tourism. In today's Huashan Mountain, tourists' cultural tourism experience and product demand have been met in a deeper level, and the pace of building a tourist destination of Dahuashan Mountain and a tourist destination of Chinese landscape culture is accelerating.