Red deer, also known as red deer, is mainly distributed in northeast, northwest and Inner Mongolia of China. It is a herbivorous ruminant medicinal animal. The economic benefits of taming red deer are remarkable. Take pilose antler as an example. A medium-sized deer has two crops of velvet antler every year, each crop weighs about 0.8 kg, and the price per kg is 3500-4000 yuan. After deducting the feeding cost, each deer can earn more than 3000 yuan. If a doe gives birth to a calf every year, it can increase her income by 4000 yuan. Taken together, its economic benefits are very considerable. At present, the number of deer in China has increased from 2,000 in the 1950s to more than 500,000. The annual output of velvet antler is more than 70 tons, and the annual export is more than 30 tons. Domesticating red deer is an important industry to develop herbivores.

(1) Living habits

Its living habits have five characteristics: first, it is active during the day and likes to live in groups; Second, quick action, developed sense of smell and hearing, and good at running; Third, strong adaptability; Fourth, mainly eating grass; Fifth, concentrate on breeding, mate in August-165438+ 10 every year, and give birth in the following spring.

(2) Reproduction

Under the condition of artificial domestication, the life span reaches 17-20 years. Red deer is born in autumn and spring, and the male-female ratio is 1: 15-20. There are four ways of reproduction. One is to breed to the end and group according to the ratio of male to female until the end. 2, compounding: after the doe is driven to 1 male deer to mate, the doe is driven to another column to mate with another male deer; Third, artificial insemination, mastering the oestrus law of doe, timely insemination, fourth, hybridization, mating with deer in different habitats, in order to improve the production performance of offspring. Generally, the pregnant period of red deer is 240-250 days, and each fetus gives birth to l-3.

(3) Feeding management

(1) Lushe building requires Gao Shuang to be flat, sunny, leeward and sunny, quiet and well drained. The deer house consists of a shed and a sports ground, surrounded by walls and 3 meters high. The sports ground is paved with sand, and each deer covers an area of 6 square meters.

② Deer fed with compound feed are ruminants and herbivores, and the diet is prepared according to local feed resources and divided into concentrate and roughage. Coarse materials include oak, poplar, willow, locust tree branches and leaves, soybean seedlings, sweet potato seedlings, beets and silage; Sugar materials include corn, beans, bran and so on. According to the nutritional needs of male deer and female deer, it should be rationally allocated to meet the needs of growth and production.

(3) Scientific feeding should be "fixed": at a certain time, feed three times a day, at 7: 00 am, 12 and 6: 00 pm respectively; Second, roughage is freely ingested, generally 10- 15 kg, and concentrate is 0.75- 1 kg; Grade III water, enough clean water and warm water in winter (15-20℃); Take free drinking water and change water frequently.

(4) Pay attention to the management of deer in the pilose antler stage, that is, to produce more pilose antler. The velvet period of deer usually begins from mid-March. At this time, it is necessary to grab feed and raise the protein to 20%-25%; 2. When the pilose antler grows to 3 cm, cutting 2 cm longitudinally from the top of the pilose antler can increase the pilose antler output by about 30%; Third, timely harvest velvet antler. Generally, velvet antler can be sawed after 60-70 days of growth, and it is not too late to prevent keratinization.

⑤ Pay close attention to the epidemic situation, prevent diseases and treat diseases early. Clean the deer house every day, remove feces, scrub utensils, and don't feed spoiled feed. Always observe the deer's dynamics carefully, and treat the disease immediately if it is found.

6. Deer that are sold in time can be sold at the age of l-2. At the same time, deer that have lost their reproductive ability and low yield should be eliminated in time, and old deer that have been raised for a long time should also be sold in time to improve economic benefits.