Bama Yao Autonomous County is located on the slopes of Guangxi Basin and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. Here, the number of elderly people aged over 90 and over 65,438+000 increased from 242 and 44 in the third census to 2,965,438+0 and 66 in the fourth census, respectively. By the fifth census, this number increased to 5,365,438+0 and 74, and three elderly people reached 65,000.
The longevity of Bama people first benefits from the good environment of nature. Bama has a subtropical climate with fresh air. The content of negative oxygen ions per cubic meter is as high as 2000-5000, up to 20000, so it is called "natural oxygen bar".
Like work, good eating habits and regular life are also important factors for Bama's longevity. On the morning of April 14, the reporter visited Huang Butie, the birthday star of Bonatun, Baima Village, Jiazhuan Township. Old man 104 years old, but he either picks pig vegetables or goes to the fields to do housework every day. He eats two meals a day and two bowls of rice for each meal. The old man goes to bed early and gets up early every day. He is deaf and blind with black hair. He often said, "If you don't go out to exercise every day, you won't eat well or sleep well at night." We couldn't believe what he said if we hadn't seen him picking pork dishes quickly.
The longevity of Bama people is also related to diet. They often eat natural foods, such as hemp, corn, tea oil, sour plums, pumpkins, bamboo shoots and sweet potatoes. Corn, sweet potato, etc. Rich in trace elements, oil and soup made from hemp contain a lot of unsaturated lower fatty acids. Keiichi Morishita, president of the International Natural Medicine Association, believes that the intake of unsaturated low fatty acids and trace elements is the key to the longevity of Bama people.
In addition to the above points, optimism is another prominent feature of Bama's long-lived elderly. In Pinghantun, Heping Village, we met Neng, who is 106 years old. She was still holding her little grandson. Huang Ma can be alert and alert, and gives a hearty laugh when he speaks. She told us that she lived under the same roof for five generations and still remembered the folk songs she sang when she was young.
Hotan, China: Old people like to drink tea and eat naan.
Laiyisu Village, yutian county, Hotan, Xinjiang is another longevity town in China. Recently, the reporter went there for an interview.
Shen Yong, director of Laiyisu Seed Farm, which belongs to Laiyisu Village, told the reporter that there are 2,400 people in Laiyisu Village, and there are 16 people who are over 90 years old. Under his guidance, the reporter saw three "longevity families".
The reporter first came to Zirou Muhammad's home. According to Shen Yong, this fleshy old man is 1 10 years old. He is healthy and can do simple farm work. The old man told reporters that he sleeps every night and gets up as soon as the rooster crows in the morning. Although his eyes are tired, he still has to work for more than two hours every morning. This year, he helped his son plant an acre of cotton in the yard. The old man drinks tea and eats naan at noon in the morning and hardly eats anything at night. "I can't sleep at night." He said. According to Zirou's eldest daughter-in-law, old people like to drink soup and water, and they also like to eat naan made of corn. "My grandson is 16 years old. I hope my father-in-law can see my grandson's wedding. " She said.
Subsequently, the reporter met Mehdi kurban Zirou, aged 104, and Zirou Khan Zirou, aged 95. They are brothers and sisters. My brother likes taking a walk after getting up in the morning. When he came home, he put some grass in the sheepfold to feed the sheep. Sister Rou Zi Han didn't get any serious illness before she was 50 years old, but she occasionally caught a cold in recent years. She has tea and naan in the morning, noodles, soup rice and steamed buns at noon and half naan at night.
In coming to Suzhou, the reporter also met 97-year-old Nujele Ahong Tuhti and his 80-year-old wife. Nujele Ahong can watch TV at night to 1 1, get up at 7 am and eat a plate of post-it notes at noon, which is not good for sweets. One thing he will do sooner or later is to drink enough boiled water. When asked about the secret of longevity, Nujele Ahong said that he was in good health when he was young. He has reclaimed 3 acres of wasteland by himself, and now he is quite strong. In addition, he and his wife have never quarreled, and their children are very filial and get along well with their neighbors.
Transcaucasia: There are still beauty contests for centenarians.
Recently, a "beauty contest" was held in Georgia, USA. The oldest contestant was 106-centenarian beauty contest, which may only happen in Transcaucasia, a long-lived hometown. According to statistics, among Georgia's population of more than 5 million, there are more than 2,000 centenarians and more than 20,000 people over 90. In Azerbaijan, in the early 1980s, there were as many as 63 centenarians per 654.38 million people.
The optimistic attitude towards life of Transcaucasians is one of the main reasons for their longevity. When reporters attend local weddings, they often find old people in their eighties and nineties singing and dancing with young people. If they don't say it themselves, people can't guess their real age. In addition to an optimistic attitude, the local people's diet is also very particular. In Georgia's longevity town of Gia, Abaha, local residents eat bread and porridge made of corn flour every day. People here drink at least two cups of milk and three or four cups of yogurt every day, and add onions and celery when drinking. In addition, local people often eat spinach, beans, leeks, Chinese cabbage, onions, red peppers and local figs. They don't eat sausages, bacon or ham, and rarely eat cakes, potatoes, animal fat and sweets. They don't drink coffee, but mainly drink local "Georgian tea".
Hunza, Pakistan: Sixty or seventy years old is not old.
From 65438 to 0933, British writer james hilton came to the Hanseatic Valley. After appreciating the local customs, he wrote the world-famous Lost Horizon. In the book, he called Lufthansa "Shangri-La".
The Hanseatic Valley is only over 30 kilometers away from Xinjiang, China, and 45,000 Hanseatic people have lived a farming life of "working at sunrise and resting at sunset" for generations. According to the reporter, in Hanseatic, local people almost never get sick. They are not called old people at all in their sixties and seventies, but they can still work in the fields in their eighties and nineties. Here, it is not uncommon for healthy people to live to 100 years old.
In order to solve the mystery of Hanseatic longevity, Robert McCarson, a British doctor, made a field trip and discovered the secret of Hanseatic longevity. First, diet: Hanseatic people like to eat coarse flour, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, potatoes, sesame seeds and so on. They also like to drink "Hunza water", a kind of spirits made from grapes, mulberries and apricots. Second, the unique natural conditions: There are many glaciers and rivers near the Hanseatic Valley. These waters are rich in minerals, and drinking them all the year round is beneficial to human health. Hanseatic crops are also irrigated with this water, and pesticides are never used. The fruits and vegetables they grow are especially nutritious. Third, living habits: Hansa people mostly make a living by farming. Simple living habits keep them away from the vicious competition in modern society, and also add weight to their longevity.
Ecuadorian Bill Kabamba: There is no concept of money.
In the mountainous area of southern Ecuador, there is a village called Bill Kabamba. 1970 A man named Miguel Calbio in the village got an eye disease and went to see a doctor for the first time in his life. This eye disease made Bill Kabamba famous all over the world, because it is said that Miguel lived 120 years old.
According to the local government, there are about 5,000 people in Bill Kabamba, of whom more than 20 are over 100. Because this area was relatively backward a hundred years ago and there was no complete population file system, it is difficult to confirm this figure. But in any case, this mountain village is recognized as the oldest place in the western hemisphere. There is an old Lucilla in the village who is 102 years old. She was able to dance at the carnival in the town a few years ago. Asked why she lived so long, she said, "We have traveled a lot, and we have to work when we are old."
The reporter learned that Bill Kabamba people like to eat beans, corn, bananas, sweet potatoes, rice, mangoes and so on. Most people only eat animal food like chicken or fish once or twice a week. Locals also like to drink spring water. Scientific analysis shows that the mineral content of local spring water is high, and the proportion of iron and magnesium is ideal.
Eugene Paine, an American scientist, called it an "immune island" because local people rarely get cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Scientists believe that this is mainly because local people have no concept of money and competition and like to work, which makes them "immune" to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. They seldom eat animals and high-calorie food, which makes the metabolism of local people slow and stable.
There is a secret to longevity.
It is internationally recognized that genetic inheritance, geography and living environment, social background and eating habits are the four key factors for longevity. The residents of the five longevity towns in the world do have unique advantages.
In terms of genes, the Bama County Committee on Aging found that 29% and 38% of grandparents lived over 70 years old, and 4 1% and 37% of parents lived over 70 years old. The World Health Organization also believes that 15% of people's life span depends on genetic factors.
As for diet, the diet structure of the five longevity townships shows a high degree of consistency: beans, potatoes, corn and fruits are eaten more, animal foods are eaten less, and the appetite is small. According to the survey of the International Association of Natural Medicine, the average daily calorie intake of people in five places is 1.640 kcal, which is obviously lower than the average daily calorie of 2,400 kcal.
In addition, the five longevity townships are basically located in remote areas, with simple folk customs, warm and friendly residents, optimism and cleanliness, which is also the reason for longevity.
It is worth mentioning that the residents of the five longevity townships are practicing the principle of longevity that is the most difficult for modern people to implement: working for a lifetime. Experts believe that modern people's pursuit of fun and excitement, lack of labor consciousness and fast social rhythm often make people in a state of tension, which is contrary to longevity. Now, except Bama, several other longevity towns are showing a trend of decreasing life expectancy. The main reason is the influence of modern life. For example, in Bill Kabamba, the local government has been promoting tourism with "longevity" for the past 20 years. As a result, more and more tourists and population are expanding. The local people have gradually bid farewell to the original simple lifestyle and become accustomed to things like Coca-Cola.