Wang Xizhi (303-36 1 year, 32 1-379), Han nationality, was a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and was known as the "book saint". Langya (now Linyi, Shandong) was born, then moved to Huiji, Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), and lived in seclusion in Jinting County in his later years. Successive secretary, general Ningyuan, Jiangzhou secretariat, later literature and history records, right general. His calligraphy is good at calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy. The style is peaceful and natural, the brushwork is euphemistic and subtle, and it is beautiful. The masterpiece Preface to Lanting is known as "the best running script in the world". In the history of calligraphy, he and his son Wang Xianzhi were called "two kings".
The life of the character
perspicacious
Wang Xizhi was born in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. He was good at calligraphy when he was seven years old. Legend has it that the Emperor of the Jin Dynasty would go to the northern suburbs to offer sacrifices, and asked Wang Xizhi to write his congratulatory message on a wooden board, and then sent workers to carve it. The sculptor cut the board layer by layer and found that Wang Xizhi's calligraphy ink had been printed into the board. He didn't reach the bottom until he cut into a depth of three points. Woodworkers are amazed at Wang Xizhi's pen power, perfect calligraphy skills and his pen power.
Bare-bellied East Bed
/kloc-at the age of 0/6, Wang Xizhi was chosen as the son-in-law of Dongchuang by Chi Jian. Chi Jian has a daughter who is 28 years old and has a beautiful face. She is not married. Chi Jian loves her daughter, so she wants to choose a husband for her. She has a deep friendship with Prime Minister Wang Dao and is also an official. I heard that there are many children in her family, all of whom are talented and beautiful. One morning, I told the Prime Minister Wang my idea of choosing a spouse. Prime Minister Wang said, "Well, my family has many children, so you can choose at home. I will agree with whoever you like. "
Ask the confidant housekeeper to bring a generous gift to the Prime Minister's house. When the children in Wang Fu heard that Qiu Xi sent someone to find her husband, they all dressed up and came out to meet each other. Looking around, one person is missing. The housekeeper took the housekeeper to the study of the East Cross Court and found a young man lying on his back on the bed near the east wall, indifferent to Qiu's search for a husband. When the housekeeper of Xi's mansion returned to the mansion, she said to Taiwei Xi, "I heard that Xi's mansion is looking for a husband, and there are more than twenty younger sons in the mansion, all vying for it. There is only one son lying on the east bed, and nothing happens. " Chi Jian said, "This is the kind of person I want to choose. Go and show me. " When Chi Jian came to Wang Fu, he saw that this man was both enlightened and elegant, talented and handsome. He got a dowry on the spot and chose him as his son-in-law. This is how the phrase "son-in-law in the east bed" came from.
Xiang LAN ju ting
In the ninth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 353), on the third day of the third lunar month, 465,438+0 people, including Wang Xizhi, Xie An and Sun Chuo, drank wine and wrote poems in Lanting, Shaoxing, and compiled them into a book. This is the famous Preface to Lanting Collection. This post is a draft with 28 lines and 324 words. Described the scene of the collection of literati at that time. Because the author had the best effect at that time, he said that he couldn't write any more later. Among them, there are more than twenty "zhi" characters, which are written in different ways. Mi Fei called it "the best running script in the world" in Song Dynasty.
Call an illness and abandon an official
In March of the 11th year of Yonghe (AD 355), Wang Xizhi claimed to be ill and abandoned his official position. "With the son fuck from wuxi migration in jinting. Build a library, plant mulberry fruits, teach children, write poems, make paintings and calligraphy, and let geese fish for entertainment. " He and Xu Xun, Zhi Dun and others began to travel around the world. After settling in Jinting, calligraphy rose. His descendants are good at painting and calligraphy, and their works are hung all over the hall and study, so they are called "Huayuan Painting Hall". Later generations named the village "Huatang" and have been calling it so ever since.
Will remember and die peacefully.
In the fifth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 36 1 year), Wang Xizhi died in Jinting (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) and was buried in Jinting Waterfall Mountain (also known as Ziteng Mountain). His fifth house in Sun Heng is Jinting Temple, and the website still exists. During the reign of Liang Datong (535-546), he inherited the tofu-dried right army shrine in front of Chien Sun's tomb.
Anecdotal allusions
Bamboo fan inscription
It is said that once, Wang Xizhi passed a bridge in Yin Shan. An old woman went to a charity sale with a basket of hexagonal bamboo fans. That kind of bamboo fan is very simple, without any decoration, which can't attract the interest of passers-by. It seems that it can't be sold, and the old woman is very anxious. Seeing this situation, Wang Xizhi felt sorry for the old woman, so he went up to her and said, "You can't sell this bamboo fan because there are no pictures or words on it." How about I write an inscription for you? " The old woman doesn't know Wang Xizhi. Seeing his enthusiasm, she wrote him a bamboo fan. Wang Xizhi took a pen, wrote five words on each fan and gave them back to the old woman. The old woman can't read, and she feels that his handwriting is scrawled, so she is very unhappy. Wang Xizhi comforted her and said, "Don't worry. You told the fan buyer that it was written by Wang Youjun. " As soon as Wang Xizhi left, the old woman did as he said. Collectors rushed to buy Wang Youjun's calligraphy after seeing it. A basket of bamboo fans soon sold out.
Goose book
Wang Xizhi, a book sage, likes geese very much. He thinks that keeping geese can not only cultivate sentiment, but also learn some calligraphy theory from observing the movements of geese. Once Wang Xizhi went out to play and saw a group of beautiful white geese, so he wanted to buy them. I didn't know these geese were raised by a Taoist nearby, and I wanted to discuss buying them with him. When the Taoist priest heard that the famous Wang Xizhi wanted to buy them, he said: If Wang Youjun can copy me a copy of Huang Ting Jing, I will give him some geese. Wang Xizhi readily agreed, which made the book a white goose.
Make up Spring Festival couplets skillfully
Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher, writes Spring Festival couplets on the door every New Year's Eve. Because his handwriting is called "the best running script in the world", many people want it and it is rare. So every year on New Year's Eve, his Spring Festival couplets are posted, and before midnight, they are secretly removed. This year, New Year's Eve came again, and Wang Xizhi still wrote the Spring Festival couplets of "double happiness, double misfortune", leaving the second half sentence. People who want to steal couplets are disappointed when they see these eight words unlucky. When he arrived in Yin Shi, Wang Xizhi made up the second half of the story, which became "Happiness never comes in pairs, but it never rains but it pours last night." Early the next morning, people who wanted to steal Spring Festival couplets were amazed and applauded.
If you don't shy away.
Fei Songzhi, Liu Laozhi, Kou, Sima Fuzhi, Sima Liangzhi, Sima Jingzhi, Sima ... Wang Xizhi's sons Xuanzhi, Ningzhi, Huiji, Cao Zhi and Xianzhi; Sun Zizhen's, Jing Zhi. Why don't these people avoid family secrets? There is a big secret hidden here, a secret related to Sean in the Western Han Dynasty. There are 65,438+02 names in Wang Xizhi's generation, including 22 sons and nephews, 65,438+02 grandchildren, 65,438+03 great-grandchildren, 9 great-grandchildren and 4 great-grandchildren ... Chen Yinque said that these people are not shy because they are all members of Tianshidao, and this "ambition" is. Zhang Tianshi, the boss of Tianshidao, is Sean's eighth grandson.
Taoist love
Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, reached the height of "reaching the peak". The reason is closely related to Wang Xizhi's belief in Taoism and the unity of calligraphy and Taoism. Taoism, a native of China, has existed for a long time.
Taoist symbols. When copying Confucian classics, it must be copied by students who are good at calligraphy, but in the process of writing Confucian classics, they are unconsciously influenced by Taoist culture. Many Taoist scholars in history are famous painters and calligraphers. They are self-cultivation, proficient in Taoism, and will splash ink and put pen to paper. Wang Xizhi is a typical representative in this respect. He combined monasticism with calligraphy art, which brought out great artistic charm.
Wang Xizhi's Taoist belief has a profound family background. The Wang family is the most representative cultural gentry in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. I believe in Huang Lao's theory from top to bottom. The Book of Jin Volume Eighty Biography Fifty records that the Wangs are "proficient in books." Taoist classics recorded the story that Wang Zijin, the founder of Wang Xizhi, yearned for the spiritual emptiness of immortals and marched to the 27th Cave of Tongbai Mountain in Jinting, the north gate of Tiantai (one of the 36th caves in Taoism). "On the Hidden Husband" records: "Because of the royal family, the descendants of the world like to cultivate the art of nature and immortality."