Fertilizer is an important nutrient source for peach trees, and timely fertilization is helpful to the growth of peach trees. When is fertilization good? Then let's see when the peach trees I carefully recommend to you will be fertilized, hoping to help you.

Fertilization time of peach tree

Peach tree base fertilizer:

Peach trees should be planted in autumn. In autumn, it can be applied before and after the leaves of peach trees fall, and it can be applied in ditches or radial ditches 40 cm deep under the trees.

Topdressing peach trees;

Peach trees are usually topdressing 2~3 times a year, mainly with available nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application. If it is a high-yield orchard, it can be applied 1~2 times more.

1. Topdressing peach trees before germination:

Spraying peach trees 1~2 weeks before germination after soil thawing in spring can promote the growth of roots and new shoots, ensure good flowering and fertilization, and improve the fruit setting rate. At this time, available nitrogen is the main fertilizer.

Second, topdressing peach trees after flowering:

Topdressing is mainly to promote the growth of new shoots and fruits and reduce fruit drop. Available nitrogen fertilizer can be applied again after flowering 1~2 weeks.

Third, topdressing at the hard core stage of peach:

At this time, the topdressing time is generally in the first half of June. At this time, topdressing can promote the development of embryo and nucleus, flower bud differentiation and fruit expansion, and also lay the foundation for next year's results. This kind of fertilization should be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

Fourthly, topdressing the peach fruit in the swelling stage:

For middle and late-maturing varieties, nitrogen topdressing should be the main method, combined with potassium application, to improve fruit yield and quality.

5. Topdressing peaches after harvesting:

After the fruit is harvested, it is necessary to apply phosphorus and potassium, supplemented by nitrogen fertilizer, to strengthen the nutrient accumulation of the tree and improve the wintering ability, so as to ensure the continuous high yield of the orchard in the coming year.

Benefits of applying autumn fertilizer to peach trees

The reasons for applying base fertilizer to peach trees in autumn are: high temperature, plenty of rain, high soil humidity and high ground temperature. During this period, the fruit trees should be fertilized in time. The fertilizer decomposes quickly in the soil and takes a long time to fertilize, which is easy to be absorbed by peach trees. At the same time, autumn is the time when the peach root system enters the second growth peak, and the accidentally injured root system is easy to heal when the peach tree is fertilized. Some small roots were accidentally cut off during fertilization, which promoted the emergence of new roots and played a role in thinning and promoting roots; In addition, the peach tree base fertilizer is applied in autumn, so that the fertilizer is rapidly decomposed in the soil, absorbed and utilized by the root system, and sufficient nutrients are produced and stored in the tree body, which can not only enhance the tree vigor, but also promote the formation of full leaf buds and flower buds in that year, so that the peach trees can germinate and blossom in the next spring, and the maturity of peach fruits will be unified, thereby improving the fruit setting rate of peach trees and achieving the purpose of improving yield and quality.

Benefits of applying base fertilizer to peach trees in autumn: under the same conditions of soil, water and pest control and management, apply the same amount of fertilizer. Compared with basal fertilizer application in spring, basal fertilizer application in autumn can not meet the growth needs of budding, flowering and fruiting in time, but can improve the fruit setting rate 17. At the same time, the peach fruit is symmetrical, the color is bright, the quality is improved and the yield is increased.

How to manage young peach trees in summer

1. Summer maintenance: adjust the growth of peach trees in time, make full use of multiple branches, reduce ineffective growth, improve lighting conditions, prevent cavity closure, relieve tree vigor, increase nutrient accumulation and promote flower bud formation through technical measures such as sprouting, coring, wringing, cutting, pruning and dewatering.

1, twist tip. When the new shoot is about 30 cm long and has not been lignified, the shoot twisting period is carried out. The main object of twisting tip is the new tip and upper branch on the upper part and back of the main branch extension branch, which are extracted from the wound of the big branch. Suitable for screwing the tip in the middle of the new tip of 15 cm.

2. Choose your heart. For branches that are too strong, you can pick the core when the new branches grow to 20-30 cm, and then wring out the extracted secondary branches.

3, pruning, generally divided into two times, one from the end of June to the beginning of July, one from the end of August to the beginning of September * * * should stop early * *, to the crown periphery, internal dense tendrils, leaving 3-4 buds at the base to cut off.

4. Pull the branches. During May-July, the long branches, that is, the auxiliary main branches and large branches, should be stretched to about 80 degrees, so be careful not to stretch too flat, which will affect the growth of branches.

Second, fertilizer and water management.

Young peach trees should follow the principle of thin fertilizer and diligent application, apply fertilizer 1-2 times a month according to the tree potential, and it is appropriate to water around the ditch. Combined with pest control, foliar topdressing can be carried out, and 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be selected or sprayed with Bao 10000 times solution. Taoyuan should also pay attention to the drainage in rainy season, so as to achieve deep ditch and high ridge and avoid water accumulation in Taoyuan.

Third, pest control.

The main diseases of young peach trees in summer are bacterial perforation and anthracnose of peach. 72% agricultural streptomycin 2000 times solution and 50% carbendazim powder 1000 times solution can be used for control. The main pests are peach moth, peach leafhopper, stinkbug, scarab and so on. And 5% regent EC 2000 times solution or 40% poison silk EC 6500 times solution can be used for prevention and control.

How to scientifically plant peach trees

First, the variety collocation is reasonable.

When matching varieties, we should do the following: first, choose improved varieties with beautiful appearance, good quality, high commodity value and high and stable yield; Second, according to the local traffic conditions and market demand, the proportion of early, middle and late maturing varieties should be properly arranged; Third, for varieties that are self-pollinated, have low fruit setting rate or few pollen, attention should be paid to planting pollinated trees; Fourth, where the soil layer is shallow and the fertilizer and water conditions are poor, varieties with strong adaptability should be selected; Fifth, develop extra-early or extra-late varieties to extend the market supply time.

Second, soil management.

1, rational fertilization

After years of practice, the requirements of peach trees for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are 100 kg of fruit, 0.5 kg of nitrogen, 0.3 kg of phosphorus and 0.6 kg of potassium, with a ratio of about 1:0.6: 1.2. When basal fertilizer is applied in autumn, the broken roots of peach trees can heal in a short time and send out new roots, which is beneficial to nutrient storage. Base fertilizer can be applied in autumn before autumn ploughing and defoliation.

The topdressing of peach trees is mainly available fertilizer, and the application period and times should be flexibly controlled according to the growth of peach trees. Topdressing is usually 2-3 times a year. Topdressing 1 time before flowering and at the beginning of root activity in early spring to ensure good fertilization of peach blossoms and improve fruit setting rate. For the second time, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were applied together before hard core to promote the development of embryo and nucleus and the growth and expansion of fruit. The dosage of topdressing twice is: the early stage of early-maturing varieties is more important than the late stage; The late stage of late-maturing varieties is more important than the early stage.

2. Other soil management

After planting, deep tillage is carried out around the crown every year11-65438+February, with a depth of 20-30cm, and base fertilizer is applied in combination with deep tillage.

Third, tree management.

1, plastic surgery

Peach trees can be shaped naturally and happily. The height of the stem is about 60cm. Choose 3-4 main branches with vigorous growth and uniform distribution at the top, and remove the core or cut off the rest. In winter, when the main branches are cut, the outer buds are left, the opening angle of the main branches is 50-60, and 65,438+0-2 auxiliary main branches are left for each main branch. Leave as many branchlets as possible on the main and auxiliary branches.

prune

Summer pruning mainly includes four aspects: first, wiping buds to remove sprouting, that is, removing over-dense or useless buds and tender shoots from sprouting to early growth of new shoots to save nutrients. The second is to remove the heart, leaving 6-8 buds for the upright branches in early May. Secondary main branches can be cultivated in 1 year; In the middle and late June, the secondary branches with strong growth potential at the top are cut off, leaving moderate branches to form fruiting branches; When the growth potential of each main branch is unbalanced, it can weaken the growth potential of strong branches and promote the growth of weak branches. The third is pruning, that is, thinning the branches that are too dense in the hole. In July and August, the upright branches in the upper part of the crown become thinner. Fourth, twist the branches, that is, wring the vigorous upright branches dry in early and middle May to make the new shoots grow horizontally or droop, and promote the formation of fruiting branches.

Winter pruning usually begins half a month after defoliation. The main contents are: pruning the main branches and various fruiting branches, thinning and deciphering the set branches, overlapping branches, cross branches, twigs, insect branches and so on. Cultivate and renew all kinds of fruiting branches, maintain the balance between vegetative growth and fruiting, prevent premature aging of trees and prolong the life span of full fruits.

Fourthly, fruit thinning and bagging.

1, thinning fruit

Generally, artificial fruit thinning is used. It is carried out 3-4 weeks after flowering, after the second physiological fruit drop begins, when the fruit setting is relatively stable. Varieties with high fruit setting rate or early maturity varieties have short fruit development period and should be thinned early; For varieties with low fruit setting rate or late maturity, fruit thinning can be postponed; For some varieties with serious fruit drop in the later stage, it is advisable to thin the fruit in stages or wait until the physiological fruit drop is over. The amount of fruit left depends on the variety, tree age, tree potential, fertilizer and water conditions and so on. General early-maturing varieties leave 1 fruit every 20 leaves; 25 leaves 1 fruit for medium-mature varieties; Late-maturing varieties leave 1 fruit every 30 leaves. If the number of fruits is determined according to the type of fruit branches, generally 4-5 fruits are left for long fruit branches; Leave 2-3 fruits in the middle branch; Short branches leave 1 fruit. It depends on the load capacity of the branches. Well-developed fruits should be left below or on both sides, and the middle fruit is the best for long fruit branches; For short and medium fruit branches, top fruit is better. When thinning fruit, first thin out lobules, deformed fruits, hard fruits and fruits with pests and diseases, and then thin out dense fruits, twin fruits and chaotian fruits. , to maintain the normal development of large fruits.

2. Bag-making materials

The bagging time should be controlled before the physiological fruit drop basically stops and the oviposition peak of fruit pests such as peach moth appears. Bagging is usually carried out from the end of May to the beginning of June. Spraying pesticide 1 time before bagging to control pests and diseases. When bagging, first wrap the paper bag around the fruit, and tie the bag mouth to the fruit branch with hemp skin or other materials, not to the fruit handle, so as to avoid the fruit falling. The bagging sequence should be from top to bottom, from inside to outside, so as to take, put and tie quickly without leaking bags.