Symptoms of coronary heart disease
Precardiac pain is a typical symptom of coronary heart disease, which should be paid attention to by patients. However, atypical symptoms of coronary heart disease in a few patients make patients take it lightly, which often leads to misdiagnosis by doctors, thus delaying the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease.
(1) Some patients with coronary heart disease have no chest pain, only various arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation, ventricular premature beats and atrioventricular block, or heart failure such as shortness of breath at night and paroxysmal dyspnea as the first symptom, which is clinically called "arrhythmia heart failure coronary heart disease" and is a rare type of coronary heart disease.
(2) Angina occurs outside the chest, showing headache, toothache, sore throat, shoulder pain and leg pain, which often need to be differentiated from the discomfort caused by the corresponding organs.
(3) A few patients with coronary heart disease, especially patients with acute myocardial infarction, only show symptoms of cerebrovascular diseases, such as dizziness, limb paralysis, sudden loss of consciousness, convulsions, etc. The reason is that when myocardial infarction occurs, the cardiac output decreases, which leads to the decrease of blood supply to the brain. Severe arrhythmia often leads to the decrease of blood supply to the brain. Therefore, when the elderly have cerebrovascular manifestations, they should be examined by ECG and followed up in a short time to rule out the possibility of acute myocardial infarction.
(4) Gastrointestinal symptoms such as epigastric pain and discomfort, especially severe pain often accompanied by nausea and vomiting, are easily misdiagnosed as acute gastroenteritis, acute cholecystitis and pancreatitis.
(5) If coronary heart disease is complicated with other acute diseases, such as diabetic ketoacidosis, acute infection and surgical emergency, even if acute myocardial infarction occurs, the symptoms are often covered up. Therefore, patients and their families should report the condition of coronary heart disease to doctors in time for reference.
(6) Because the elderly often have poor memory, insensitive feelings and poor expression of symptoms, they are easily ignored by their families and doctors. Therefore, don't forget to do a routine electrocardiogram when doing related tests for the elderly. Once there is evidence of myocardial ischemia, it should be treated symptomatically and diagnosed through further examination.
Coronary angiography
The most accurate diagnosis of coronary heart disease is coronary angiography. Coronary angiography is an effective method to diagnose coronary heart disease. It can clearly show the anatomical malformation of coronary artery and the location, degree and scope of its obstructive lesions. Coronary angiography is the only method that can directly observe the shape of coronary artery at present, which is called "gold standard" by the medical community. Coronary angiography is of great significance.