Phlegm in traditional Chinese medicine refers to the pathological product of disharmony between qi and blood and abnormal transport and transformation of body fluid. These include expectoration of lung and stomach phlegm, palpable pain, phlegm core and other exogenous phlegm, as well as potential phlegm accumulated in viscera, meridians and blood vessels. When sputum is produced in human body to a certain extent and cannot be eliminated, it may cause complex pathological changes including many common diseases, frequently-occurring diseases, difficult diseases, acute and critical diseases and strange diseases. These diseases are collectively referred to as diseases in Chinese medicine, so phlegm is another disease. The occurrence and development of phlegm disease in traditional Chinese medicine has a history of more than 2000 years, which has extremely rich connotations in theory and practice. If it can be fully explored, sorted out and improved, it will greatly promote the academic progress of traditional Chinese medicine and the prevention and treatment of human diseases. 1. It is the intersection of basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine and clinical medicine to study the incidence of phlegm disease and develop the theory of etiology and pathogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine. From the development history of traditional Chinese medicine, the breakthrough of etiology and pathogenesis can not only promote the all-round development of theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine, but also promote the progress of the whole academic research of traditional Chinese medicine from basic to clinical. This is the fundamental significance of academic research on phlegm disease. The etiology mentioned in TCM mainly includes six evils, epidemic diseases, seven emotions, diet, strain, trauma and phlegm and blood stasis. Phlegm and blood stasis is not only the etiological attribute, but also the product of human pathological changes. It is a special etiology different from other pathogenic factors, which increases the renaturation of the lesions caused by it. Clinically, the pathological changes caused by phlegm drink are more extensive than blood stasis. On the other hand, due to the physiological homology of body fluid and blood, phlegm and blood stasis are often mutually causal, and the same disease is treated together, which leads to more complicated conditions. According to the existing TCM literature, Shennong Materia Medica Classic, which was written between Qin and Han Dynasties, recorded "phlegm accumulated in chest" and "phlegm tumor remained", while Huangdi Neijing, which is close to its time, has preliminarily understood the relationship between phlegm and tumor. For example, "Qi stagnation, return of qi, retention of body fluid, pathogenic factors, easy coagulation of the sun, enchantment, past tumor, and firm hands" are recorded in Lingshu Pricking the True Evil. It is revealed that qi stagnation, body fluid stagnation and phlegm coagulation can all form tumors. The etiology and pathogenesis of phlegm disease have been clearly understood in the book "The Theory of Stages of Pathogens of Various Diseases" written in the seventh century. For example, the book "Phlegm-related diseases" says: "Phlegm-related people are choked by blood vessels, and drinking water accumulates but does not disperse, so it becomes phlegm." "Cold, heat, excess, indigestion, fullness in the chest and abdomen, shortness of breath and good sleep, all kinds of symptoms are different, so the clouds are full." It can be seen that blood stasis and water stagnation can form phlegm at that time, and the complexity of clinical symptoms of phlegm disease was pointed out. The book also discusses and summarizes the etiology and pathogenesis of various phlegm diseases in clinical departments, focusing on the aspects of external pathogen and internal phlegm, dysfunction of viscera, disharmony between yin and yang and qi and unfavorable qi movement, which has set a precedent for later Chinese medicine to understand and study the etiology and pathogenesis of phlegm diseases. Since then, the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of phlegm disease has been different and deepened. Generally speaking, the study of etiology and pathogenesis of phlegm disease in ancient and modern times focuses on the study of various reasons, conditions, properties, pathogenic characteristics and clinical manifestations that destroy the dynamic balance of human physiology and lead to phlegm formation; On the other hand, the theory of zang-organs as the center holds that all kinds of diseases caused by phlegm are related to the general condition of the body, and the mechanism of the occurrence, development and change of phlegm diseases is discussed from the relationship between viscera, meridians, qi and blood and body fluid in the body. Up to now, it is generally believed that the feeling of six evils, depression of seven emotions, overworked diet, poor qi and blood, internal injuries of viscera, etc. can all lead to the formation of phlegm; When sputum exists in the body to a certain extent, it will cause pathological effects and cause phlegm disease. Phlegm has the characteristics of flowing instead of living, rising and falling with qi, so it overflows everywhere from the inside to the viscera and meridians, from the outside to the bones and muscles, which can cause phlegm due to illness and cause and effect each other, resulting in various complex pathological changes. The main pathological mechanism of phlegm disease is that the existence of phlegm hinders the circulation of meridian qi and blood, affects the rise and fall of qi, and leads to the dysfunction of viscera, and phlegm is the most likely to deceive the mind. Historically, the study of phlegm in traditional Chinese medicine has been enriching the theory of etiology and pathogenesis and promoting the progress of clinical medicine; It also plays an important role in the clinic of modern Chinese medicine. However, judging from the academic development of TCM and the urgent need of human beings for TCM health care, modern research on phlegm disease should strive for new progress and breakthrough in etiology and pathogenesis. From the perspective of inheritance, we should not only deepen and speed up the exploration, collation and systematic study of various theories on the etiology and pathogenesis of phlegm disease, but also carry out special research on the etiology and pathogenesis of major and difficult diseases and senile diseases closely related to phlegm, so as to have a deeper understanding of the essence of the above diseases. At the same time, we should speed up the modern multidisciplinary research on the etiology and pathogenesis of phlegm disease, and explore and reveal the essence of phlegm and phlegm disease from the whole cell-molecule level and even deeper level. The research results will not only realize the new development of TCM etiology and pathogenesis theory with the characteristics of the times, but also play an important guiding role in the prevention and treatment of many major and difficult diseases and clinical common diseases closely related to phlegm in modern times, and bring new hope for the early prevention and treatment of these diseases. 2. Studying the diagnosis and treatment of phlegm disease and promoting the progress of TCM clinical medicine is not only the main content of etiology and pathogenesis research, but also an important proposition of clinical medicine research. The extensiveness, complexity and severity of phlegm-induced disease determine its harm to human body and the difficulty of clinical diagnosis and treatment. But in another sense, the in-depth study of the etiology and pathogenesis of phlegm disease and the improvement of the level of diagnosis and treatment will inevitably bring about remarkable progress in clinical medicine of traditional Chinese medicine. First of all, from the pathogenic range of phlegm, it can be said that it is closely related to various clinical diseases. Such as cough, wind-warm lung heat, lung abscess, lung mass, hemoptysis, asthma, asthma, epigastric pain, mass disease, choking cough, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, cysticercosis, chest pain, palpitation, insomnia, dreaminess, coma, hyperhidrosis, depression and epilepsy. Rock (cancer), phlegm poisoning, salivation, carbuncle, carbuncle, carbuncle, breast carbuncle, breast addiction, breast nucleus, carbuncle, sputum, spermatic carbuncle, blood sputum, snake bite, etc. In traditional Chinese medicine surgery; Menstrual diseases, excessive leucorrhea, poor pregnancy, slippery fetus, infertility, etc. Gynecology of Chinese medicine; Cold, cough, asthma, wheezing, sudden and slow convulsion, carbuncle, etc. In pediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine; Cell-derived sputum nuclei, red bean, green wind cataract, direct vision, sudden blindness, superficial blindness, eye deviation, magpie eye condensation, star gathering disorder, needle eye, blurred vision, etc. ; Ear swelling, deafness, ear vertigo, chronic laryngitis, acute and chronic laryngitis, plum gas, etc. Otolaryngology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Cornus officinalis, navel intestine, acne, etc. Dermatology of traditional Chinese medicine; Cervical spondylosis, avascular necrosis of femoral head, meniscus injury of knee joint, traumatic synovitis of knee joint, osteomalacia and internal injury of head are all directly related to phlegm. In addition, there are many strange diseases that are effective from phlegm treatment, which are recorded in ancient and modern literature. Among them, Alice wrote the main theory of Taiding's health preservation. The strangeness and strangeness in Ming Lou Ying Yi Lu and He Qing Mengyao Yi Ming are the most typical, which can be said to be "grotesque and indescribable". The above-mentioned diseases belong to the diseases of nervous system, circulation, respiration, digestion and metabolism, endocrine, immunity, urinary system, reproduction and other organs and tissues. Many of them belong to modern recognized major and difficult rash diseases, such as tumors, heart and brain diseases, diabetes and so on. Autoimmune diseases, etc. At present, modern western medicine has no ideal treatment for these diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine has certain characteristics and advantages in treatment, and treatment from phlegm is one of the most important aspects. The record of TCM treatment of phlegm disease began with Shennong Herbal Classic. After that. Until the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was basically a relatively simple empirical therapy. For example, the early prescriptions such as Shennong Herbal Classic, Bielu of Famous Doctors, Gefang and Ji 'an Prescription all contain drugs and prescriptions for treating tinea, phlegm and blood stasis and stopping phlegm. During this period, Zhang Zhongjing wrote Treatise on Febrile Diseases in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which recorded the treatment of brain knot, dirty knot, chest pain and heartache from phlegm, but did not explicitly put forward that it belonged to phlegm disease. In the prescriptions of Sui and Tang Dynasties, there were not many prescriptions for phlegm disease. In the Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the understanding of etiology and pathogenesis of phlegm disease in TCM tended to deepen, and the level of diagnosis and treatment improved significantly. Especially in Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Danxi treated clinical miscellaneous diseases from phlegm, which broadened the horizons and ideas of doctors in treating phlegm diseases. At the same time, Wang Si put forward the theory that "all diseases are due to phlegm" and "all strange diseases are due to phlegm", and created Guntan Pills and live chicken soup, which further promoted the diagnosis and treatment of phlegm diseases in TCM. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the syndrome differentiation and treatment of phlegm disease in traditional Chinese medicine was comprehensively deepened and popularized, which occupied a very important position in the field of clinical medicine and made epoch-making progress in theory and practice. In modern times, phlegm disease in traditional Chinese medicine is still widely used in clinic. The main progress is as follows: (1) There are some new understandings of the basic characteristics of phlegm disease in diagnosis; We have gained new experience in the treatment of many diseases and found some new diseases caused by phlegm. A few scholars are making a new attempt to study phlegm disease in combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine. At present, some significant progress has been made in cardiovascular diseases and hyperlipidemia. However, on the whole, there is still a lack of comprehensive and objective understanding of the academic connotation, scientific significance and application value of phlegm disease in modern Chinese medicine academic circles. The experience of traditional Chinese medicine in treating phlegm disease and the law of syndrome differentiation treatment have not been fully explored, sorted out, perfected and effectively used. The author believes that; Phlegm disease of traditional Chinese medicine is an academic library with important exploration and research value and broad application prospect. It is the advantage and characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine in treating many diseases, and has special value in modern major and difficult diseases and anti-aging. The academic circles of traditional Chinese medicine should attach great importance to this. At present, in clinical research, on the one hand, it is necessary to deeply explore and widely apply phlegm disease and explore and accumulate new treatment experience; On the other hand, it is necessary to carry out clinical research on phlegm disease in a planned way, find new laws, new methods and new drugs related to syndrome differentiation and treatment, and focus on the research on special prescriptions and diseases. Emphasis should be placed on the fact that it is closely related to phlegm, and the treatment from phlegm has certain advantages and definite curative effect, which belongs to common diseases, frequently-occurring major difficult diseases and senile diseases. Through the above research, I hope to improve the overall development level of contemporary Chinese medicine clinical medicine. 3. Studying the prevention of phlegm disease in TCM and improving the level of health preservation and disease prevention is formed from the overall concept, pre-illness prevention and post-illness prevention, and then from the perspective of phlegm in TCM, after certain factors and conditions are comprehensively acted on the human body. Phlegm has a development process from formation to onset. The occurrence of phlegm disease involves many factors, including the state of viscera, blood, yin and yang, the new time and amount of phlegm, the interaction with other pathogenic factors and the situation of phlegm. Therefore, preventing the formation of phlegm, inhibiting the occurrence of phlegm and controlling the progress of phlegm disease are of great significance and role in the early prevention of various related diseases in clinic. (1) From the perspective of pre-illness prevention, we should consider the following two points: 1) Eliminate the factors causing phlegm and eliminate the sources of phlegm: Chinese medicine believes that there are many sources of phlegm, but they are nothing more than exogenous factors, internal injuries, diet fatigue, blood stasis and so on. Eliminating pathogenic factors and phlegm is the source of treatment from the perspective of therapeutics. According to different pathological changes, the methods of dispersing lung and strengthening spleen, warming kidney and soothing liver, nourishing heart and promoting qi circulation, promoting blood circulation and eliminating fire, eliminating dampness and moistening dryness, and dispelling cold and relieving summer heat were adopted to avoid phlegm caused by illness. Arrive; It is also of great significance to pay attention to diet and daily life for the patient-free group with full qi and blood and harmonious zang-fu organs, and take the peaceful products of promoting dampness and resolving phlegm in time to prevent phlegm disease ... 2) Improve phlegm constitution and reduce pathogenic factors. In the prevention of phlegm disease, corresponding measures should be taken according to different physical characteristics. Especially those with phlegm and turbid constitution must be improved to avoid the onset. At least in the Yuan Dynasty, TCM had a clear understanding of the relationship between phlegm and endowment. For example, Wang Yuan said, "I think my parents have phlegm disease. I was born with it." Since then, the Qing Dynasty has perished. Wang Yanchang Bei (in view of "Obesity with phlegm and turbid constitution, put forward the taboo of fat people", its cloud: "Fat people are addicted to alcohol, damp heat produces phlegm, and there are many limbs; Tea lovers are disgusted with water injection, mostly in the chest and lungs, and accumulate phlegm, mostly in the gastrointestinal tract: angry people, stagnation of heat and phlegm, accumulation of coke, lying tired, liver and kidney fire, qi and blood tired, phlegm can not accumulate, for carbuncle. " If you know where the sputum comes from, you know what to avoid. "("Wang Yicun "Volume 9) Now some scholars have noticed that the occurrence of coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular accident, hyperlipidemia and other diseases is closely related to phlegm constitution. Wang Qi and other scholars' research results show that the phlegm constitution of obese people has an immune genetic basis. People with HLA-B 12 antigen are 3.868 times more likely to use it than those without antigen. Obese people with phlegm-dampness constitution are prone to coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and stroke, and the above diseases can be prevented from phlegm. It provides new basis and ideas. The specific methods to improve phlegm and turbid constitution should not only be treated according to syndrome differentiation, but also pay attention to diet and daily life. (2) From the perspective of disease prevention, we should consider the following two points: 1) Eliminate phlegm in time to avoid more harm caused by phlegm: in a broad sense, once phlegm is produced in the human body due to acquired internal and external factors, it belongs to phlegm disease. However, when the degree of sputum is slight and the amount is small, it may not be secondary to a new lesion, that is, the so-called sputum production due to illness. According to certain signs and symptoms, it can be early judged whether there is phlegm in the body. Anyone with phlegm has dull or abnormal expression, dull complexion, swollen appearance, dull eyes, strong fluency, and black eyes with soot; The skin is obviously greasy, or the face is bright as oil; Obesity, edema of hands and feet; Tired of greasy and thick taste, after eating fat and sweet taste, the stomach is full of evil or squatting; Fat tongue, greasy or thick and sticky tongue coating. At this time, early diagnosis should be combined with other clinical manifestations to eliminate phlegm and avoid excessive phlegm. 2) Early diagnosis and treatment of phlegm disease can avoid the development and evolution of phlegm disease in clinic, and then it is necessary to make early diagnosis and treatment, thus avoiding the occurrence of phlegm disease, which will pose a danger to the academic field of phlegm disease in traditional Chinese medicine and play an important role in the early prevention and treatment of diseases such as tumor, heart and brain diseases, hyperlipidemia, autoimmune diseases and senile diseases. To achieve this goal, we must first focus on improving and standardizing the diagnostic level of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. At the same time, we should strengthen clinical epidemiological research and take corresponding early diagnosis and treatment measures according to the research results. Of course, if we can make a substantial breakthrough in the study of disease pathogenesis through traditional and modern multidisciplinary research, it will certainly bring about a leap in the early diagnosis level of phlegm disease and improve the treatment level. The academic research of phlegm disease in TCM originated in Qin and Han Dynasties, flourished in Song and Yuan Dynasties, and deepened in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and made a lot of progress in modern times. It can be said that it has a long history and has been passed down from generation to generation. Its progress shows that it is imperative to carry out in-depth clinical research and modern multidisciplinary basic research on phlegm disease in traditional Chinese medicine. If scientific argumentation, rational planning, collaborative research and key breakthroughs can be made, it will become a new opportunity for the development of TCM theory, the progress of clinical medicine and the improvement of prevention level, and will bring new hope for the prevention and treatment of difficult diseases.