Since ancient times, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in China have different views on the unity of man and nature.
Confucianism believes that heaven is the source of moral concepts and principles, and people are endowed with moral principles, which is a natural but unconscious unity. However, because human beings are blinded by all kinds of fame and desire, they can't find their own moral standards. The purpose of human practice is to get rid of the blind of external desires, "seek their peace of mind" and achieve the state of consciously fulfilling moral principles, which is what Confucius said: "Seventy people do whatever they want without exceeding the rules."
In Zen Buddhism, human nature is originally Buddha nature, but it is obsessed with secular ideas and desires without realizing it. Once you realize that these thoughts and desires are not true, you will reach the ultimate state of becoming a Buddha. So they put forward that "worry is bodhi, and ordinary people are buddhas". What is the state after implementation? On a certain scale, it is still a bit like the original intention of Taoism to conform to nature. Therefore, there is such a saying in Zen quotations: "It is wonderful to get enlightenment and carry firewood and water." "Zen is like this old cow, thirsty to drink water and hungry to eat grass."
Taoism believes that heaven is nature and man is a part of nature. Therefore, Zhuangzi said: "Someone, the sky is also; One day is also one day. " Heaven and man are one. However, because people have formulated various laws, regulations and moral norms, people have lost their original natural nature and are not in harmony with nature. The purpose of human behavior is to "abandon wisdom", break down these barriers imposed on human body, liberate human nature, return to nature again, and reach a spiritual realm of "everything is one with me".
In short, the connotation of the unity of man and nature lies in the fact that the material world is absolutely moving and thinking reflects existence, so thinking should also be constantly changing and advancing with the times. Matter is in harmony with people and matter.
The concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature in cities has the following main functions:
First, shape the correct ideological orientation of keeping pace with the times
The lessons of history prove that backwardness will lead to beatings. This is true for people, for the country, and for a city. The unity of man and nature tells the world that the material world is constantly changing, and thinking must follow the change and keep pace with the times. Only by realizing the harmonious unity of man and material can the city keep pace with the times and develop better. Therefore, the more scientifically developed the place, the easier it is to show the correct influence of the idea of harmony between man and nature on human survival.
Second, let the concept of peace be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
"The Unity of Heaven and Man" is an important proposition in the history of China's philosophy, which has different interpretations. It is generally believed that "the theory of harmony between man and nature is the greatest contribution of China culture to mankind." To be clear, "harmony between man and nature" means that man and nature should be United and peaceful, let alone conquered and conquered. For cities that understand the value of peace, especially cities in today's world, the harmony between man and nature is obviously of great significance.
Third, the inheritance spirit of the Chinese nation is branded in urban development.
The idea of harmony between man and nature is the ideological core and spiritual essence of the Chinese nation for five thousand years. It first points out the dialectical unity relationship between man and nature; Secondly, it shows that human beings are endless, perfectionist and enterprising. Third, it embodies the comprehensiveness and self-renewal of the Chinese nation's way of thinking about world outlook and values. The idea of "harmony between man and nature" is everywhere. Confucianism, with "benevolence" as the core and "ceremony" as the representation, can be said to be an anthropology, which puts forward "blood is thicker than water", "old people are old, young people are young, young people are young", "sacrifice one's life for righteousness" and so on. All these will contribute to the healthy development of the city and help the city absorb the essence of the nation and excellent culture.
Fourth, promote the formation of dietary hygiene habits.
Different from the concept of "treating diseases before they occur" in western medicine, Chinese medicine advocates "treating diseases before they occur", which is now called health preservation. So what is the essence of the traditional diet regimen theory? The traditional diet health theory emphasizes the view of correspondence between man and nature, regulating yin and yang and judging the cause of diet, which is unique in nutrition and health care. The correspondence between man and nature means that the diet of human body should adapt to its natural environment. For example, people living in a humid environment eat more spicy food in moderation, which is conducive to dispelling cold and dampness; Spicy food is not suitable for people living in a dry environment, so the eating habits of various regions are often related to their geographical environment. For example, in winter, people often like to eat red mutton, fat beef hot pot, instant-boiled mutton and so on. , can enhance the body's ability to keep out the cold; In summer, people often drink dark plum soup and mung bean soup. It has the effect of relieving summer heat. These are the embodiment of the correspondence between man and nature in diet and health preservation. It can be seen that the harmony between man and nature helps people to develop healthy eating habits. People in cities are under greater pressure, their affairs are more complicated, and their health is often neglected, so this is very precious.
The fundamental expression of the unity of man and nature;
Tao can be Tao, very Tao; The name can be named. It's very famous.
Nameless, the beginning of heaven and earth; Fame is the mother of everything.
Therefore, there is often nothing and I want to see its wonders; Often, I want to see it.
The two of them, with different names, are both called Xuan. Xuan is also Xuan, the door to all wonderful things.
This passage summarizes the subtle changes in the operation of celestial bodies. Everything has no sudden feeling and adaptation, but people with lofty ideals should follow its laws and be recognized without any objection, that is, heaven and man are one.
The unity of heaven and man constitutes the most fundamental contradiction and unity of opposites in human society. Among all contradictions, there are four levels of contradictions in the order from the inside out! The starting point, direction and destination of all human activities are in the four contradictory movements of the unity of man and nature!