(1) Zhu (Lunar calendar1130.9.15-1200.4.23), the word Hui, also known as Zhong Hui, was later called Hui Weng. Originally from Wuyuan County, Huizhou Prefecture, Jiangnan East Road (now Wuyuan, Jiangxi Province), he was born in Youxi, Nanjian Prefecture (now Youxi County, Fujian Province). A famous philosopher, thinker, philosopher, educator and poet in Song Dynasty (Southern Song Dynasty), a representative of Fujian School and a master of Confucianism. The Buddha's name is Zhu Zi.

Zhu is the only one of the twelve philosophers in Dacheng Hall who worships Confucius Temple without being personally handed down by Confucius. Zhu is a student, a disciple of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, and served as the governor of Nankang, Jiangxi, Zhangzhou, Fujian and eastern Zhejiang. He is an honest official and promotes the construction of academies. The official worshipped Huan as an assistant minister to give lectures. After his death, he took "Taishi" as a gift and was named "Hui Guogong".

Zhu had a successful career as a teenager, but his political stance and opinions were contrary to those in power, so his career was quite bumpy. In his later years, he was frustrated personally, and the country was dying. In loneliness and pain, on the one hand, he wrote books in anger, on the other hand, he attached his feelings to mountains and rivers to eliminate his worries.

Zhu Zhu is the author of Notes on Four Books and Sentences, Notes on Taiji, Notes on General Books, Readings of Zhouyi, Notes on Chu Ci, etc. Later generations compiled Zhuzi Daquan and Zhuzi Xiang. From the Yuan Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the four-book notes were favored by feudal dynasties for a long time. As the foundation of governing the country and the norm of people's thought and behavior, it became the standard textbook of feudal imperial examination. Zhu educates students and says, "mortals must take saints as their responsibility."

(2) The annotations in Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean are called "chapters and sentences", while the annotations in The Analects and Mencius are called "concentrated notes". Later generations are collectively referred to as "four books and chapters" or "four books" for short.

In the way of annotation, Zhu is different from the style of scholars in Han and Tang Dynasties. Scholars in Han and Tang dynasties pay attention to the original text of the classics, and the exegesis of words and the textual research of famous things are very cumbersome. Zhu Zhu's annotation focuses on the meaning in the "Four Books", and often extends and develops it, and its significance has surpassed the "Four Books".

Zhu put the Four Books into his own track of Neo-Confucianism, and based on the philosophical thoughts in the Four Books, he constructed his whole ideological system. In this sense, Notes to Four Books and Sentences is not only the achievement of Confucianism, but also the foundation of Zhu Confucianism (Neo-Confucianism) system.

The combination of these four books began with Zhu's Notes on the Four Books. In the ranking order, Daxue ranked first, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius ranked second, and The Doctrine of the Mean ranked last. His original intention is that people should read "university" first to determine its scale; Read the Analects of Confucius for the second time to establish its foundation; Read Mencius for the second time to see its development; For the subtleties of the ancients, read The Mean. "University" is regarded by Zhu as the scale of self-cultivation and the outline of learning.

He said: "Read the University first and set up its program. Other classics are miscellaneous. After getting through the "University", I can see that this is Governor Wu Ge. This is a sincere thing. This is a matter of self-cultivation. This is a matter of managing the family, governing the country and leveling the world. " As for The Doctrine of the Mean, Zhu regarded it as a classic taught by Confucius' mind method, and quoted Cheng Yi as saying: "This book has a truth at the beginning, a truth in the middle, and a truth at the end.

Let it go, it is connected with everything, and it is so mysterious to bring it back. "It is not difficult to see that Zhu regarded the Great Learning as the program of Neo-Confucianism and the Doctrine of the Mean as the essence of Neo-Confucianism.

(3) University was originally an article in the Book of Rites. Song people took it out of the Book of Rites and matched it with The Analects of Confucius, Mencius and The Doctrine of the Mean. By the time Zhu wrote the Notes on Four Books, it had become one of the four books. Zhu and Cheng Yi, another famous scholar in Song Dynasty, believed that Da Xue was a suicide note left by Confucius and his disciples, and an introductory reading of Confucianism.

Therefore, Zhu listed it as the first of the "four books". Zhu also thought that the book "University" contained in the Book of Rites was disordered, so he rearranged it and divided it into two parts: classics and biography. Among them, the "Jing" chapter is the original words of Confucius, recorded by Ceng Zi, a student of Confucius; The ten chapters of Biography are Ceng Zi's understanding and exposition of "Jing", which were recorded by students in Ceng Zi.

(4) There are six natural paragraphs in Zhu's Preface to University Chapters. In order to make everyone see clearly, I added six serial numbers to explain them respectively.

1, the original text: the book of the university, the ancient university is the method of teaching people. Since people are born from heaven, they should be benevolent, courteous and wise. But the nature of his temperament is different, and it is impossible to know his nature in everything. As soon as a smart, wise and diligent person has leisure time, God will order him to be a trillion-dollar monarch and teacher, let him rule and teach him to restore his nature. This Fuxi, Shennong, Huangdi, Yao, Shun, therefore, followed the heavens to establish the pole, and Si Tuleideng and Dianle officials were also established.

Explanation: (1) "The book of university is the method of teaching people in ancient universities." : great scholar, great scholar. What is big? Only the sky is big. Can you learn from heaven? Of course. People are born, and the university is the knowledge of knowing heaven and learning heaven, becoming the king of heaven and man who knows destiny, and realizing the return to heaven.

This book is called "University", which is an ancestor of China in ancient times. After a lot of research on blog posts, he became a neutral gentleman who knew his destiny. After reaching the realm of returning to heaven at any time, we will compile our own experiences into classics, guide ordinary people to learn through learning, and let those who like learning become gentlemen who know their destiny and realize the consciousness of returning to heaven.

Therefore, university is a way to change from an ordinary person to a gentleman who knows destiny, and it is also a way to teach people extraordinary, which can also be called saint education.

(2) "Since people are born from heaven, they should be benevolent, courteous and wise." Destiny descends from heaven to earth, becomes a new individual through flesh and blood, sits in the heart, and becomes a meta-god who leads people's thinking and provides inspiration and wisdom for the soul. It is also called dharma body, true color, nature and rationality.

If you hide God in your heart, you hide Yuan God. Because the lungs breathe, there is a soul, which is the mind consciousness of this life, also called knowing God, soul and qi, and it is the retribution body of this life, also called reporting. The liver hides the soul, while the lung hides the soul. The body of this life, due to the change of birth, aging, illness and death, is called Tao into flesh and quality. The five internal organs in Su Wen's Xuanming Five Qi articles: the heart stores the spirit, the lung stores the spirit, the liver stores the soul, the spleen stores the meaning, and the kidney stores the will. This is what happens when people fall from the sky.

Since destiny has descended from the sky and become a new individual in this life, it is impossible for everyone to get the wisdom, words and deeds of benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom in order to show their true colors. However, there are still a few people who worship the teacher, and fate has endowed the soul with words and deeds of benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom to show its true colors. These people are neutral gentlemen, natural and sages who know their destiny.

(3) "However, its temperament is innate, not acquired, and it is impossible for everything to know its nature." However, because the life endowment and soul temperament in this life are insufficient due to tangible and intangible interference loss, they cannot all reach the all-round realm of their nature.

(4) "As soon as a smart and intelligent person can do his best in leisure, then God will order him to be a trillion-dollar teacher, let him rule and teach him to restore his nature." There are also some naturally intelligent people who strive to become monarchs and emperors and have great ability to show their true nature. These calm monarchs and emperors appeared in the world to let the world learn from them and arrange them according to God's will.

With a monarch who shoulders the responsibility of upholding justice for heaven, God will order the monarch to be a teacher to educate hundreds of millions of people, so that he can use the convenience of power to establish a literary inquisition throughout the country, manage the spiritual home of the world, build the world into a paradise on earth, and let the people restore their true colors and return to an infinite paradise.

(5) "Today, Fuxi, Shennong, Huangdi, Yao, Shun, therefore, follow the heaven to establish the pole, and the post of Situ and the official of Dianle are also set up." This is "Fuxi, Shennong, Huangdi, Yao and Shun", and this is the reason why sages inherited God's will to establish education, promote talents, govern the country and educate people, thus setting up the post of Stuart and the official of music.

Si Tuleideng is an important official name in ancient China, which evolved from Si Tuleideng, a local official in Zhou Li. In charge of civil affairs, the suburbs worship animals from other provinces, which is a great loss to Ann's uterus. The official of Shao Hao is named after a bird, and I hope the official of the pigeon is Stuart. Yao Shishun is Stuart. Shun acceded to the throne and ordered Stuart. Sun Yuewei, the grandson of Qi Xuansun, is also Xia Situ. During this week, Stuart was a local official in charge of state education. Han Xijing didn't say anything at first. In the second year of Emperor Ai's Yuan Shou, he went to court as prime minister and bought Da Situ. Classical music, the official name.

Shun set this officer in charge of the music of the imperial court. Emperor Shangshu Shundian said: Wei Xiao, I want you to learn music and teach your son. Confucius said, Five Emperors (Emperor Yao): rich but not arrogant, expensive but able to drop, Bo Yi Li, music. "Historical Records of the Five Emperors" Shun said: Of course. Teach children to be straight and warm, broad and chestnut, rigid but not abusive, simple but not proud; Poetry is meaningful, long in melody, eternal in sound, harmonious in law, harmonious in eight tones, and harmonious between god and man. )

2. Original text: The three generations of the Dragon have their own laws, while the harem, the capital and the lane all have learning. At the age of eight, he was under the vassal. As for the children in Shu Ren, they all entered the primary school and taught them to sweep the floor, cope, advance and retreat, be polite, be happy, shoot the Forbidden City and write some books.

Moreover, in more than ten years and five years, from the son of the son of heaven, to the son of the public, the Qing Dynasty, the doctor, the king of Yuan Zhen, and the beauty of all people have all entered the university, and they have all been educated to be poor, upright, self-disciplined and govern the people. This is also the difference between school teaching and the size of festivals.

Explanation: (1) "In the prosperous times of the three generations, the laws were prepared, and then all the palaces, capitals and alleys were studied." After three generations of inheritance efforts, the king realized the popularization and prosperity of the Enlightenment. After careful refinement in practice, the theoretical methods are not only more and more complete, but also penetrate into all fields of society, from palaces and capitals to rural streets.

(Lu, pronounced, is also in this door. Lu Sheng came in through the door. Zhou Li: Five schools compare, five schools compare. Lu, the couple also, 25 couples also. Commonly used phrases include Lu Li and so on. )

(2) "At the age of eight, I was under a vassal. As for the children in Shu Ren, they all go to primary school and teach them to sweep the floor, respond, advance and retreat, be polite and happy, shoot at the imperial palace and write books. " Children are eight years old, and children from princes to ordinary people enter primary schools and become primary school students.

Primary school teachers first teach primary school students how to sweep roads, courtyards and indoors, that is, let children learn to do all kinds of housework; Reasonable and appropriate response between people; Etiquette when entering and leaving the yard and indoors; Etiquette is etiquette, which refers to the etiquette norms of various social occasions.

Music includes music and dance; Shooting is the archery skill of martial arts practitioners, and it is necessary to defend the country, which shows that everyone must have the skills and courage of soldiers; Driving a horse and carriage requires a driver's license to drive; Writing methods and arithmetic; These cultural skills.

(3) "Ten years and five years, from the sons of the Emperor, the philosophers, even the sons of the public, the Qing Dynasty, and the doctors of the Yuan Dynasty, all of them entered the university and taught them poverty, integrity, self-discipline and governing the country." I started school at the age of eight, and after seven years of study, I completed the primary school stage at the age of fifteen, from the son of the son of the emperor (the eldest son of the son of the emperor) to the sons (sons other than the eldest son).

Even Yuan Xiucai's men, women, doctors, sons (sons born by his wife, eldest son) and smart and handsome students from ordinary families have entered the university stage, and let the teachers teach them "poor management (thoroughly investigate the truth of things and thoroughly understand human nature), integrity and self-cultivation (being a governor and then knowing people, knowing people and then being sincere, being sincere and then being correct, and being positive and then opposing."

(4) "This is also the teaching of the school, and the size of the festival is also divided." This is where the teaching content of the school is divided into primary school stage and university stage because of people's age and knowledge.

3, the original: husband is school-oriented, its breadth, teaching skills, followed by the details of the first program, the reason for teaching is that the people of this country are doing their best, not waiting for people's livelihood. Besides studying, they are all learning from the people of the world. People who learn to learn know their inner nature, what their duties should be and how to do their best. When the ancient times flourished, the rule was above it, and the vulgar beauty was inferior, which was beyond the reach of future generations!

Explanation: (1) "Fu is based on learning, learning so extensively and teaching skills so meticulously, and the reason why he teaches is that all the people in this country are practicing their experience, not waiting for people's livelihood, and are learning everything except Yi Lun." The teaching content of the school, all its subjects are around such a theme, and teachers teach students the truth and methods.

The details of its successive chapters (poverty, righteousness, self-cultivation and governing the country) are so specific. It is wonderful and metaphysical to realize "knowing the destiny and recovering its nature", because the destiny is my master, just like the king of a country, and it can only be realized after practicing this "sacred religion" personally.

Unlike waiting for the opportunity to seek common sense of people's livelihood, what is seen externally is invisible, so all normal people in the world should learn.

(2) "People who learn how to do it know the inner nature of their own nature, what their duties should be, and how to do their best." Practice the "University Way" of "poverty, integrity, self-cultivation and family harmony", realize "knowing destiny, restoring nature, reaching harmony", spread what you know, realize "Ming De" and become a senior saint (close to the people) in this world.

Only this method can achieve the perfect goal, and other methods can't; With the "unique consciousness of Buddhism" and the great wisdom of distinguishing right from wrong, we can get rid of "false ugliness" with "truth, goodness and beauty" When we reach this state, we are "scholars", and we have really finished our study and graduated from college.

Destiny falling from the sky is an innate nature, a rational nature and an immortal nature. The soul that exists in this life because of lung breathing is a new individual with spirit. Whether it is the inherent fate or the soul that exists today, it is based on the qualitative body. Therefore, sex can be divided into reason, qi and quality. Reason dominates people's mind and provides inspiration and wisdom for the soul of this life; Not only can it return to heaven, but it can also ensure that fate returns to its original state. This is the difference between the inherent and existing division of responsibilities.

As a result of "principle (dharma body), qi (report body) and quality (incarnation)" in the human body, a person has a diligent life.

(3) "Today's ancient times are prosperous, so governance is superior to the world, and vulgar beauty is not as good as the following, which is beyond the reach of future generations!" This is in the prosperous times of ancient times, high-level people are eager to go to the spiritual home to pursue spiritual comfort and advocate metaphysical spiritual civilization; Ordinary people with low taste pursue material comforts. They regard the enjoyment of material civilization as beautiful, which is metaphysical.

With the death of Mencius (about 372 BC-289 BC), China's orthodox position was completely cut off until Zhu passed on the Confucian mind and method, which lasted for more than 1000 years. The reason is that after the Han Dynasty, Buddhism began to enter the "era of last dharma", which led to Zhu's "rocker arm cry" for "reason".

However, the "era of the last law" is not over, and Zhu has to hide a lot of things that cannot be said (if there is no unified discipline, arts and sciences will continue, the blood is connected, and the depth will always be accurate. After reading the detailed taste for a long time, I have endless explanations today. )。

Nevertheless, the "Neo-Confucianism" era initiated by Zhu was not beyond the reach of any genius in the "800 years" of later generations! Zhu died in 1200, more than 800 years ago. With a flick of a finger, the "last law era" really ended and the Baiyangdian law era opened. Everything that Zhu could not say in those days will be said in detail, because a new stage of mankind has begun.

4, the original text: and the decline of the week, the holy king did not do it, the school administration did not repair, the spirit was educated, and the customs declined. Sometimes, if Confucius is a saint, he can't be a teacher to carry out his politics and education, so he recited the laws of his ancestors to future generations alone. If Quli Shao Yi Neize Disciples Rules consolidates the surviving descendants of the tributary of primary schools, this article is of great scale outside, but it is also full of details because of the success of primary schools and the knowledge of universities.

Of the 3,000 people, Gammer didn't hear what he said, only "Biography of Zeng Family", so it was used as a biography to express its meaning. Mencius has no inheritance, but his books exist, and few people know them!

Explanation: (1) "With the decline of the Zhou Dynasty, the holy king quit, school politics did not improve, and customs also declined. Sometimes if Confucius is a saint, he can't teach politics and religion for the teacher, so he takes the method of the first king alone and backs it to later generations. " With the continuous development and progress of human civilization, the original political system can no longer adapt to the new development of society, and the monarch gradually lost the effective management of the vassal States, and it was time for the decline of the Zhou Dynasty.

A monarch can't be called a saint if he doesn't know how to govern the country. The management system and teaching content of the school cannot be effectively rectified. The education of sages is slowly declining, and the behavior patterns or norms people follow are corrupt and vulgar words and deeds. At that time, if there was a saint like Confucius, he could not be a teacher, nor could he practice the unity of politics and religion. He can only use the methods and strategies of the late king alone, recite them by himself and pass them on to others.

(2) "If Qu Li, Shao Yi, Naize, and Disciples have consolidated the descendants of the tributaries of primary schools, and the author of this article, because of the success of primary schools, has a very large scale outside and has a detailed program in it." Chapters such as Quli, Shao Yi, Internal Rules and Disciples Rules were originally tributaries of primary school teaching content, belonging to minor textbooks and minor courses.

People who have studied these chapters think that they have successfully completed their primary school studies, and then they can accept the well-known Ming Xi's Law in college. Ming Xi's law in the university stage is large-scale, but it is all external "empty", but few people really understand the essence of the university and can elaborate on the chapter bibliography.

(3) "Gaimo, as a disciple of 3,000, didn't hear what he said, but Zeng's family is unique, so he used it as a biography to show his meaning." Confucius' 3,000 disciples all passed down the teaching content in primary school as "the teaching content of Confucius".

They have no consciousness of essential core and tributary. Only Ceng Dian's son once participated in Confucius' purpose alone, so Ceng Zi's composition clarified the hidden meaning of the scripture, so as to promote Confucius' way of returning to heaven, let the scholar understand his meaning, become a gentleman who knows his destiny, and stop at perfection.

(4) "If Mencius is not handed down from generation to generation, his books will exist, and few people know it!" Mencius (about 372 BC-289 BC) was a disciple of Zisi. Sun Chou in Mencius asked Mencius what his strengths were, and Mencius revealed two strengths: I know what I say, and I am good at cultivating my lofty spirit.

This shows that Mencius learned from Laozi, Confucius, Ceng Zi and Zisi "one of the cores of Confucius' mind method", which is the basis of becoming the founder of Taoism. Those who can't "cultivate my noble spirit" don't know that destiny ends in the perfect "founder of Taoism"

Mencius can't pass on the "one breath of internal strength" before he dies, because Buddhism will appear in China and replace Confucianism as the mainstream of China society. This is why Zhu said, "If you don't preach Mencius, you will find it in your books, but few people know it."

Although Zhu didn't learn the method of "nurturing my noble spirit", Zhu achieved the realm of "knowing the destiny, achieving neutrality and stopping at perfection" through his own study (similar to the method of Zen practice), so he could communicate with Confucius disciples who returned to heaven at any time, so Zhu knew the origin of China orthodoxy. Here, "those who know are fresh" refers to the origin of Confucius' mind and China's Taoism.

5. Original text: From the beginning, the habit of reciting poems and chapters by Confucianism was popular, which was twice as effective as that of primary school and useless; Empty and silent heretical religion, higher than university, has no reality. Other tactics are based on fame and fortune, which are in line with many skills, so those who mislead the world, falsely accuse the people and fill the righteous with the righteous will be busy.

Unfortunately, his gentleman was denied the importance of the avenue, and his villain was unfortunately denied the benefits of treatment. He was blind and blocked, sinking repeatedly, and there were five seasons of decline. What a mess!

Explanation: (1) "From the very beginning, the habit of reciting Confucian words was twice as useful as that of primary schools; The nihility of heresy and the teaching of silence are higher than the university. " (In The Analects of Confucius, there is "Confucianism of gentlemen, Confucianism of villains", which shows that there was a classification of Confucian scholars in the Confucius era. Xunzi (about 365438 BC+03 BC-238 BC), whose name was Qing, was born in Zhao at the end of the Warring States Period.

Xunzi divided people into: saints, gentlemen, scholars, scholars, scholars, scholars, scholars, scholars, scholars, scholars, scholars, scholars, scholars and common people. Xunzi's Confucianism and filial piety is a vulgar Confucianism, a shallow and pedantic Confucianism. After the death of Mencius, those vulgar Confucians who learned by reciting poems and chapters, but did not understand the meaning of classics, spent several times more effort than primary school, but it was useless.

Talking about nothingness and silence is a heresy that can't make people realize their destiny and reproducibility. His theory of metaphysical beauty is higher than that of universities, but it can't achieve "neutralization and perfection", which belongs to empty talk in name only.

(2) "Other tactics, all of which focus on fame and fortune, are in line with the flow of all kinds of skills, so they confuse people all over the world to fill in the righteousness." There are other scheming tactics, that is, everything is aimed at winning the king's reward and achieving personal success, and there are hundreds of meritorious deeds, all of which are aimed at fame and fortune, so they are all people who mix the world and pretend to be just. These people are mixed in some gaps.

6. Original text: The cycle of fate has no end. Song Delong is prosperous and educated. So the two masters of the Cheng family in Henan came out, and some of them followed Meng's biography. At the beginning, I respected this article and expressed it, which not only made it an outline, but also made it interesting. Then the method of teaching people in ancient universities, the fingers of biblical sages, suddenly returned to earth. Although I am insensitive to Xi, I am also lucky to remain private and knowledgeable.

It's still quite frustrating to take care of it as a book, so I forget its simplicity, adopt its compilation, and secretly attach my own ideas to make up for my shortcomings, so as to be a gentleman in the future. Knowing that there is nowhere to escape from transgression, however, there is no need to make up for it.

Description: (1) "God's will is endless." Winter goes and spring comes, and spring comes again. It is said that tomorrow is not static, but endless movement, with no turning back. Therefore, we believe that the "Confucian Mind Method" buried in the depths of history for more than 1000 years will one day return to the center of China society! That day came as scheduled. Of course, it came suddenly and everyone was unprepared.

When a university student from the countryside who didn't have the title of "professor and doctoral supervisor" suddenly came to our side, we didn't know him, so that we regarded his "Confucius Mind Method" as "new thing, cult and deviant", because no one had ever said it so openly in history, because only a few high-end people (the ancients in the grave) knew the secret, because in history,

(2) "Song Delong prospered, enlightened and clear." The moral prosperity of the Zhao family is not due to the fact that the Song emperor was good at governing the country. This is God's demotion of Zhu as a great scholar in the Song Dynasty in the "last law era". Zhu's words and deeds, which shocked the Confucianism, showed the moral prosperity of God's kindness to all people, so Zhu presided over the publicity and education of Confucianism and governed the beautiful and bright era of national education.

(3) "So the Cheng family in Henan Province mainly went out, and some of them followed the Meng family biography." : Cheng Haohao (1032- 1085), Cheng Yi (1033-107), Cheng Yi and his brother Hao Cheng in Zhou Dunyi (10/kloc-0.

His theory is based on "poverty", which holds that "everything in the world can be poor, but there can only be one principle" and "the principle of one thing is the principle of all things". He advocated the cultivation method of "respect for self-cultivation and learning for knowledge", aiming at "eliminating human desires and preserving justice", thinking that "hunger is minimal and shame is great" and advocating the theory of "temperament"

Zhou Dunyi was the founder of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties, and Er Cheng expanded the influence of Neo-Confucianism. Zhu is a master of science. With the efforts of three generations, The Biography of Mencius has taken on a new look, and the theory of Neo-Confucianism is more perfect and systematic.

(4) "When I first respected this article, I made a statement, which not only made it an outline, but also made it interesting. Then, the method of teaching people in ancient universities, the finger of spreading the Bible, suddenly returned to the world. " Two masters, Shi Cheng, praised the article "University" and regarded it as the entrance for beginners to enter morality, which was really insightful. The last chapter of "University" covers the words of Confucius, and Ceng Zi described it this way.

Beginners entering Germany is the first step, and the rest is the second step, which is the interpretation of classic chapters; The first thing to read The University is to determine its scale, the second thing to lay its foundation, the second thing to look at the development of Mencius, and the second thing to look at the subtlety of the ancients. This is a summary of "The Gate to Virtue". If we focus on the religious interests expounded in the four books, we will know the specific guidance of teaching people and spreading the Bible in ancient universities.

(5) "Although I am insensitive, I am fortunate to be private and knowledgeable." Although Zhu can't understand things without a flexible and agile mind, fortunately, although I didn't get a personal professor from Mr. Cheng, because I admire their knowledge and respect them as teachers, I heard Mr. Cheng's words and deeds and thought deeply about it. Being able to blend in with them is an unexpected gain.

(6) "It's quite frustrating to take care of it as a book. Is to forget its simplicity, adopt it and compile it. Leisure also steals his thoughts and makes up for his shortcomings, so that he can become a gentleman in the future. " The last chapter "The University" covers the words of Confucius, which Ceng Zi narrates. Every 250 words. The tenth chapter, Ceng Zi's meaning and master also remember. Without a unified discipline, the arts and sciences continue, the blood is connected, and the depth is always accurate.

Looking around, I found that the interpretation of the book "University" was still very inadequate, so I forgot my stubbornness and meanness and edited it into a book after reading "University". Reading it again in my spare time, I feel that I have added my own understanding in private, filling some gaps and making up some deficiencies. I am waiting for future generations of gentlemen to help me understand the original meaning of "university".

(7) "I know very well that there is no crime of escaping. However, with the intention of the country to educate the people, it is really unnecessary for scholars to cultivate their own morality and govern the country. " I know very well that my interpretation of college scriptures is beyond my bounds (I am not a saint, and it is too much to interpret the scriptures of saints), and I will not escape my guilt.

7, the original: "Xi Chun Ji You February Jiazi", the new "Zhu An Xi Preface".

Note: (1) Xichun (1174-1189) is the third and last number of Zhao Shen in Song Xiaozong, * * * 16. 1 173 (the ninth year of Avenue), Song Xiaozong made a sacrifice in Waqiu, granted amnesty to the whole world, and changed the following year (1 174) to be the first year of cherishing spring. Song Guangzong ascended the throne in February of 1 189 (the 16th year of Xichun), and the following year (1 190) was renamed Shao Xiyuan. (2) Xichun Ji You is 1 189, and Xichun is sixteen years old.