The National Palace Museum in Taipei is located at No.221,Section 2, Shan Zhi Road, Shilin District, Taipei. /kloc-completed in 0/962 and/kloc-completed in the summer of 0/965. The total area is about 16 hectare.
In order to imitate the traditional palace architecture in China, the main building has four floors, with white walls and green tiles, and the main courtyard is plum blossom-shaped. There are five six-column towering archways in the square in front of the hospital. The whole building is solemn and elegant, full of national characteristics.
The National Palace Museum in Taipei contains the royal collections of Beijing Forbidden City, Shenyang Forbidden City, Summer Resort, Summer Palace, Jingyi Garden and imperial academy, which come from the preparatory office of Nanjing National Central Museum, the National Palace Museum in Beiping and the National Beiping Library.
Bronzes, jades, ceramics, ancient books, famous paintings and inscriptions of Shang and Zhou Dynasties are all rare treasures. The exhibition hall changes its exhibits every three months. By the end of 20 14, there were more than 696,000 cultural relics in the collection.
1. A piece of Mao Dinggong in the Western Zhou Dynasty with a height of 53.8 cm was unearthed in Joo Won?, Qishan County, Shaanxi Province, in the 28th year of Qing Daoguang (AD 18 14). After Mao Dinggong was unearthed, he changed hands many times. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the dangerous period was seized by the Japanese army. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, people offered Ding to the public. Now it is collected and displayed by the National Palace Museum in Taipei. It is a custom that there are inscriptions in the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty and there are grid lines in the inscriptions. Therefore, in addition to the historical value, Mao also plays an important role in ancient philology and calligraphy art in China.
Mao Dinggong was a sacrificial vessel in China more than 2,800 years ago. Its inner wall is cast with a long inscription of 500 words, which is the longest inscription among more than 7,000 bronzes with inscriptions in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. The content of the inscription can be divided into seven paragraphs. The main idea is that at the beginning of Zhou Xuanwang's accession to the throne, he was eager to revitalize state affairs. He asked his uncle Mao Gong to govern internal and external affairs, and be diligent and selfless. He also let Mao Gong's people serve as guards to protect the royal family, and finally gave him a generous gift. Therefore, Mao Gong cast a tripod to tell future generations forever. It can be inferred from the content that Mao Ying was cast in the first year (827 BC), and his inscription is a real historical document of the Western Zhou Dynasty that can override the Book of History, and it is the most precious document for studying the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, Mao is a treasure of the world.
2. The random disk in the Western Zhou Dynasty is 20.6 cm high, 9.8 cm deep in the abdomen, 54.6 cm in diameter, 4 1.4 cm in bottom diameter, 2 13 12g in weight, with inscription 19 lines.
As early as the middle of Shang Dynasty, 357 Chinese characters had been engraved on bronze wares, which was earlier than Oracle Bone Inscriptions's time. But after the Western Zhou Dynasty, it became very popular to engrave inscriptions on bronzes, and all major events, such as sacrifices, wars, rewards and even contracts, were recorded on bronzes. Shisancai was unearthed in the reign of Kangxi and went to Beijing as a gift to celebrate the birthday of Emperor Jiaqing in the reign of Jiaqing. Since then, it has become a royal collection. The inscription on the disc is completely
357 words, recording the land contract in the late Western Zhou Dynasty. The scattered country located in Fengxiang, Baoji, Shaanxi Province, was occupied by Northwest China, and the two countries negotiated peace and set their national boundaries.
China's land compensation, process and contract are all cast on a plate as proof. The shape and ornamentation of sushi plates all show the simple style of bronze wares in the late Western Zhou Dynasty, and the lines are flexible, which is an important material for studying inscriptions on bronze in the Western Zhou Dynasty.
Third, Tang Yan Zhenqing's "Sacrifice to the Nephew" and "Sacrifice to the Nephew" were written by Yan Zhenqing in cursive ink. 28.2 cm long and 72.3 cm wide, 25 lines, 230 words in total. This article was originally a draft eulogy written by Yan Zhenqing for his nephew Ji Ming who was killed by An Lushan. This work was not originally written as a calligraphy work. Due to extreme grief and indignation, it is difficult to calm down, and there are many mistakes and mistakes, which are sometimes smeared. But it is precisely because of this that the word is dignified and stern, full of charm, round and magnificent brushwork and vivid gesture. It is purely written by God, and it is naturally wonderful. In the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Jingyan wrote an inscription saying, "I thought it was better to write than to draw up. Coverage is an official work, although there is no deadline, it is always a request; Letters are quite indulgent when they are on a whim; Moreover, the drafting was unintentional, and it was his palm that was forgotten. It's great to see it here. " In Yuan Dynasty, Xian Yushu commented that this post was "the second running script in the world". In this original post, all the places where you are thirsty and holding a pen are vivid, which can make people see the process of writing a pen and the wonderful change of the nib, which is of great benefit to learning cursive. The original is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
Fourth, Yuan Feng was three years old (1080), and Su Shi was forty-five years old. He was dismissed by the New Party as the largest literary prison Wutai poetry case in the Song Dynasty, and was demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) as an assistant for Yingyong. He felt lonely, depressed and poor. Three Years (1 100) was invited by bibliophile Zhang and watched by Huang Tingjian, who wrote a postscript reflecting the original work.
Cold Food Post is the representative work of Su Shi's running script. This is a poem to send a revival, and it is a sigh of life caused by Su Shi's relegation to Huangzhou for three years. The poem is desolate and affectionate, expressing Su Shi's melancholy and lonely mood at this time. The calligraphy of this poem is produced in this mood and situation. The whole calligraphy is full of ups and downs, radiant and unrestrained, and there is no shortage of pens. Huangzhou Cold Food Poetry Post has a great influence in the history of calligraphy, which is called "the third running script in the world" and is also a leader in Su Shi's calligraphy works.
Zhao Xing in the Five Dynasties, the first snow map, silk ink color.
It is 25.9 cm long and 376.5 cm wide. The whole volume describes the first snow scene in fishing villages along the Yangtze River. It's freezing in the cold, reeds become forests, bridges on the banks of the river are white, the cold wind is bleak, and the river is microwave; Fishermen keep out the cold and fish, and donkey riders shrink their arms and March forward, showing the lives of fishermen and tourists in the early winter in the south of the Yangtze River. The per capita landscape paintings are vivid. In the picture, the tree stone pen is hard, the water lines are smooth with the pen tip, and the white powder bullets are light snow in the sky, showing the light flying of snowflakes.
Zhao Gan, a native of Jiangning (present-day Nanjing), Li Shi, queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, studied in the Painting Academy. Be good at painting landscape trees, making landscapes, and making Jiangnan scenery more. Draw "Louguan, boats, water villages, fishing markets, flowers and bamboos scattered as a landscape. Although it is between the wind in the city and Egypt, it looks like a river at first glance. " ("Xuan He Hua Pu")
Six, the Northern Song Dynasty Fan Kuan Xishan travel map This picture depicts the Xishan travel, magnificent, reflecting the characteristics of the northern landscape painting school. The picture is divided into three sections from top to bottom, representing the distance before, during and after, which is very spatial. The inscription on the picture was secretly written on Jianyuan Peak on the left side of the main peak.
The tourist map of Xishan Mountain has always been called Fan Kuan's masterpiece, and the words "Fan Kuan" are engraved among the leaves. Critics of all ages praised the painting. Xu Beihong once spoke highly of this painting: "Among all the treasures in China, the Forbidden City is the second. What attracted me most was Fan Zhongli's Travel Notes of the Western Hills, which was magnificent, solemn and noble, and was sincerely created by ten thousand people. This picture is a giant frame, accounting for two-thirds of the whole area of a hill, which is so abrupt that people are dumbfounded! "
Fan Kuan (about 950- 1027), a native of Northern Song Dynasty, was given a neutral name. A famous painter in ancient China was good at painting landscapes and attached importance to sketching. He is an elegant, frank and informal person. Most of his works are magnificent in spirit, vast in realm and magnificent, with strong Mo Yun and strong brushwork. In his later years, he lived in South China and Taihua, where he was surrounded by nature and picturesque scenery. His painting style has a great influence on later generations.
Seventh, Huangyuan Wang Gong Fuchun Shan Jutu Fuchun Shan Jutu, 33cm long and 636.9cm wide, made of paper and ink. This painting began in the seventh year of Zheng Zheng (1347) and was completed in the tenth year of Zheng Zheng. This painting was burned in the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty and broke into two pieces. The first half of the painting was mounted separately and renamed "Yushan Map", which is now in the Zhejiang Provincial Museum. Known as the "treasure of the town hall" of Zhejiang Museum.
Huang is the representative work of Huang, a master painter and faction leader in Yuan Dynasty in his later years. He is also the pinnacle of China's ancient ink landscape painting, and his artistic achievements in China's traditional landscape painting can be described as unprecedented and unprecedented.
This famous painting has been handed down for hundreds of years and experienced many vicissitudes. Judging from the inscription on the painting. This painting was originally made for the useless Zen master. More than one hundred years later, it was acquired by the famous painter Shen Zhou. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, it was owned by the great painter Dong Qichang. But it soon changed hands and was hidden by Wu Zhijue of Yixing. Wu passed it on to his son. Wu Hongyu specially built Fuchunxuan and hid it at home. Wu Hongyu regards this painting as a treasure. On his deathbed, he wanted to imitate the example of Emperor Taizong's martyrdom with Preface to Lanting, and asked people to throw the painting into the fire and burn it as a martyr. Fortunately, his nephew Wu used his quick wits to snatch Fuchun from the fire with another scroll to avoid "burning himself". But the front part of the painting has been burned and divided into two parts.
Eighth. Northern Song Dynasty Ruyao Lotus Warm Bowl This bowl is in the shape of a ten-petal lotus. The abdominal wall of the bowl is slightly round, the straight mouth is slightly convergent, and the petals at the mouth edge are smoothly connected, and the circle is slightly higher. The whole utensil is even in thickness from the bottom to the mouth, and the glaze is thin and opaque. The glaze is blue with thin slices. The whole device is glazed, and the footbed is burned with five Zhi Ding pads. The Zhi Ding points are extremely fine, and the tire soil in Zhi Ding is grayish yellow.
One of the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty is a famous porcelain kiln in China. The kiln site is located in Liang Qing Temple, Baofeng County, Henan Province. Song Dynasty belongs to Ruzhou, hence its name. Ru kiln is famous for firing green glazed porcelain. Ye in Song Dynasty recorded in Tan Zhai (hereinafter referred to as Tan Zhai): "In this dynasty, Dingzhou white porcelain was useless, making Ruzhou a green kiln ware, so it was well known to Tang, Deng and Yaozhou in Hebei Province, and Ruzhou was the first."
It took only about 20 years for Ru kiln to fire palace porcelain, from the first year of Yuan You in northern Song Zhezong (1086) to the fifth year of Huizong Chongning (1 106), with few handed down products, which were regarded as rare treasures.
Nine, the bottom of the Shiraz Narcissus Basin in Ruyao in the Northern Song Dynasty is engraved with the poem of Qianlong Imperial Title. The Ruyao Celadon Narcissus Basin is imperial porcelain in the Northern Song Dynasty and is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
Height 6.9cm, transverse 23cm, longitudinal 16.4cm, caliber 23cm, foot diameter.
19.3× 12.9cm, weighing 670g, oval basin, luxurious mouth, four legs; The peripheral wall is thin and the foot is slightly thicker. The whole body is covered with azure glaze, which is extremely uniform and moist; The bottom glaze is slightly light blue; The edge of the mouth and the thin corner glaze are light pink. Foot binding and burning, there are six fine Zhi Ding marks on the bottom, and the tire color is slightly beige. The glaze of the whole object is quiet and cheerful, pure and grain-free. According to research, it is the only one handed down from generation to generation.
Tenth, Jade Cabbage "Jade Cabbage" has always been a super popular star in the National Palace Museum in Taipei, ranking first in the national treasure list. Like "meat-shaped stone", it is "all the year round". The Forbidden City dare not change exhibits at will. Even if there are big museums abroad that want to borrow exhibitions, the Forbidden City refuses. When many tourists from both inside and outside the island enter the Forbidden City, they will first ask where the "Jade Cabbage" is. They must have seen the "Jade Cabbage" and they will feel glad that you have come.
"Jade Cabbage" blends into one and is deeply loved. There are two insects on the green leaf. The bigger one is an owl with its hind feet outstretched, and the smaller one is a locust. Look carefully at the two beards sticking out of the owl's head. Although it is not obvious, if you look closely from the left side, you can find that the left side is missing about one centimeter from the head, but the second half of the long beard is still attached to the vegetable leaves.
"Jade Cabbage" was originally the display of Yonghe Palace in Qing Dynasty, and it is said that it is one of the dowry of Princess Guangxu Jin. Cabbage symbolizes innocence and purity, and two cows symbolizing fertility are carved on the green leaves, praying for a full house of children. Jade sculptors use the natural color distribution of jade to grind a fresh Chinese cabbage.